In order to fully implement the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics and the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics Production and Operation, strengthen the supervision and administration of online sales of cosmetics, and severely crack down on the illegal sales of cosmetics through the Internet, National Medical Products Administration has launched a special campaign of "cleaning up cosmetics online and offline" since October 2021.

　　The main objectives of the action are:

　　Focus on rectifying outstanding problems in online sales, strengthen the main responsibility of cosmetics e-commerce operators, and standardize the market order of online sales of cosmetics.

　　The three major priorities of the action are:

　　First, clean up and rectify unregistered or undocumented cosmetics: cosmetics that have not been registered or filed, fraudulently used other people’s registration certificates, and have requested to stop operating.

　　Second, clean up and rectify cosmetics illegally declared on labels: including labels that are inconsistent with registration or filing materials, false or misleading, explicitly suggesting medical functions, and illegally claiming cosmeceuticals, stem cells, brush acid and medical skin care products.

　　Third, clean up and rectify cosmetics with quality and safety risks: including cosmetics illegally added, produced by using prohibited raw materials, and produced by using restricted components beyond the scope or limit, with emphasis on children’s cosmetics and freckle-removing and whitening cosmetics.

　　Clear the source under the online net line to ensure the safety of public makeup!

　　Notice of National Medical Products Administration Municipality on Launching the Special Action of "Clearing the Source under the Net Line" for Cosmetics

　　No.47 [2021] of State Drug Administration

　　Drug administrations of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and drug administrations of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps:

　　In order to fully implement the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) and the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics Production and Operation (hereinafter referred to as the Measures), strengthen the supervision and management of online sales of cosmetics, and severely crack down on the use of online sales of illegal cosmetics, on the basis of the first phase of the special action of "cleaning up the source online and offline" of cosmetics, National Medical Products Administration decided to conduct a nationwide campaign again from October 2021 to October 2022. The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

　　I. Work objectives

　　Taking the formal implementation of the Measures as an opportunity, we will comprehensively self-examine and centrally rectify the outstanding problems existing in online sales of cosmetics, strengthen the main responsibility of cosmetics e-commerce operators, promote the effective implementation of the provisions of the Measures on online sales of cosmetics, standardize the market order of online sales of cosmetics, and ensure the safety of public use of cosmetics.

　　Second, the focus of work

　　(1) Cleaning up and rectifying cosmetics that have not been registered or filed.

　　Focus on the registration and filing of cosmetics sold by cosmetics e-commerce operators, and clean up and rectify unregistered special cosmetics, unregistered ordinary cosmetics, cosmetics that fraudulently use other people’s cosmetics registration certificates, and cosmetics that have been notified by the national or provincial drug supervision and administration departments to suspend or stop business.

　　(2) Cleaning up and rectifying cosmetics illegally declared by labels.

　　Focus on checking whether the information such as cosmetic product labels displayed by cosmetic operators on the main page of their business activities in the e-commerce platform is comprehensive, true and accurate and consistent with cosmetic registration or filing materials, and clean up and rectify cosmetics that contain false or misleading contents, express or imply medical functions, and illegally claim cosmeceuticals, stem cells, brush acid and medical skin care products.

　　(3) Cleaning up and rectifying cosmetics with quality and safety risks.

　　Focus on the quality and safety of cosmetics sold by cosmetics e-commerce operators, clean up and rectify cosmetics illegally added with substances that may endanger human health, cosmetics produced with prohibited raw materials, cosmetics produced with restricted components beyond the scope or beyond the limit, and focus on children’s cosmetics, freckle-removing and whitening cosmetics, etc.

　　Third, the work content

　　This special action highlights the problem orientation and strengthens the investigation and punishment of illegal acts according to law. It is divided into three stages: work deployment and self-examination and rectification, special inspection and work summary.

　　(1) Work deployment and self-examination and rectification stage (October 2021 to February 2022)

　　The drug supervision and administration departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should combine the actual research and deployment of special actions in the region, formulate detailed work plans, clarify inspection plans and inspection requirements, and decompose and implement regulatory responsibilities.

　　According to the focus of this special action, organize cosmetics e-commerce operators in their administrative areas to carry out comprehensive self-examination and take timely rectification measures for problems found in the self-examination stage. First, strengthen the training of laws and regulations for cosmetics e-commerce operators, publicize the new regulations and requirements of cosmetics online sales supervision and management in time, and improve the legal awareness and responsibility awareness of cosmetics e-commerce operators. The second is to urge the operators of cosmetics e-commerce platforms within their administrative areas to fulfill their management responsibilities within the platforms according to law, self-check the establishment of cosmetics quality management institutions or full-time and part-time personnel, and fulfill their obligations such as real-name registration, establishment of management systems, and suppression and reporting of illegal acts. The third is to urge the operators of cosmetics e-commerce platforms within their administrative areas to carry out centralized inspections on the cosmetics sold in their platforms. The operators of cosmetics e-commerce platforms should take necessary measures such as deleting, shielding and disconnecting links in accordance with the law or in accordance with the platform service agreement and trading rules, and report to the drug supervision and administration of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) where the platforms are located. At the same time, the relevant verification clues will be handed over to the drug supervision and administration departments of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) where the operators actually operate in the platform (see Annex 2 for handover requirements).The fourth is to urge the cosmetics operators in the platform to fully, truly and accurately disclose information such as cosmetics labels consistent with the registered or filed materials of the cosmetics they operate on the main page of their business activities, and fulfill their obligations such as incoming inspection records.

　　(two) special inspection stage (March 2022 to September 2022)

　　The drug supervision and administration departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should make overall coordination and overall deployment, and organize special inspections in light of regional conditions. First, in view of the key rectification problems of this special action, the drug supervision and administration departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) carried out supervision and inspection on the cosmetics e-commerce operators within their respective administrative areas. The problems found in supervision and inspection and the verification clues found in the self-examination and rectification stage should be traced back to the source, and the registrants, filers, entrusted production enterprises and operators involved in illegal cosmetics should be investigated and dealt with according to law. Second, the pharmaceutical supervisory and administrative departments of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) where the cosmetics e-commerce platform operators are located should strengthen the supervision and inspection of the cosmetics e-commerce platform operators, focusing on the performance of their management responsibilities for the cosmetics operators in the platform, and investigate and deal with the cosmetics e-commerce platform operators who violate the provisions of the Regulations and Measures according to law. The third is to encourage the departments responsible for drug supervision and management to use technical means to carry out network monitoring, improve the pertinence and targeting of special actions through data retrieval and big data screening, and investigate and deal with illegal clues found in network monitoring according to law, involving cross-regional verification, and timely transfer verification clues. Fourth, according to the development of special actions and actual needs, combined with national and provincial cosmetics supervision and sampling work, network sampling inspection was carried out on key products.

　　(3) Work summary stage (October 2022)

　　The drug supervision and administration departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) shall timely summarize the work of special actions, fill in relevant statistical tables, sort out the existing problems, summarize the experience and practices of special actions, and submit the summary of special actions as required.

　　Fourth, the job requirements

　　(A) improve the political stance

　　The drug supervision and administration departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should attach great importance to the special action of "clearing the source of cosmetics online and offline", strictly implement the responsibility of territorial supervision, clarify the person in charge, comprehensively strengthen the supervision of cosmetics e-commerce platform operators and cosmetics operators in the platform within their respective administrative areas according to their duties, supervise the cosmetics e-commerce platform operators to implement their management responsibilities, and supervise the cosmetics operators in the platform to implement their main responsibilities. The cosmetics e-commerce operators who violate the law seriously are listed as key regulatory targets, and supervision, inspection and sampling inspection are intensified, and their legal representatives or principal responsible persons are interviewed when necessary.

　　(2) Strengthen the investigation and punishment of illegal acts.

　　The drug supervision and administration departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) shall, in accordance with the "four strictest" requirements, promptly investigate and deal with the illegal clues of online sales of cosmetics discovered by special actions, and impose penalties on illegal acts in strict accordance with the Regulations and Measures. It is necessary to seriously investigate and deal with a number of typical cases, increase exposure and play a deterrent role.

　　(3) Strengthen departmental cooperation and the convergence of execution.

　　The drug supervision and administration departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should strengthen the coordination and supervision between departments, and transfer those involved in false propaganda and illegal advertisements on the Internet to the market supervision department according to law; For enterprises that cannot get in touch, timely notify the market supervision department and list them in the abnormal list according to law; Those suspected of committing crimes shall be transferred to public security organs according to law.

　　The drug supervision and administration departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should strengthen the organization and deployment of special actions, summarize and analyze the work in all stages of special actions in a timely manner, sort out the existing problems and report the work to the National Medical Products Administration Cosmetics Supervision Department in a timely manner. Please submit the liaison information of this special action before October 20, 2021 (see Annex 3); Submit the summary of the work in the self-inspection and rectification stage and the statistical table of the self-inspection and rectification stage of the special action of "cleaning up the source under the net line online" for cosmetics before March 31, 2022 (see Annex 4); Submit the summary of the special action and the statistical table of the supervision and inspection of the special action of "cleaning the source online and offline" of cosmetics before October 30, 2022 (see Annex 5); The electronic version of relevant materials is also sent to the e-mail address of hzpjgc@nmpa.gov.cn.

　　1 cosmetic e-commerce platform illegal behavior stop report form

　　2. Cosmetics e-commerce platform verification clue transfer table

　　3 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) drug supervision and management departments special action liaison information table.

　　4. Statistics on the self-examination stage of the special action of cosmetics "cleaning up the source under the net line online"

　　5. Statistics on the supervision and inspection of the special action of cosmetics "cleaning up the source under the net line online"

　　National Medical Products Administration

　　October 9, 2021

It is no exaggeration that the mobile phone is dirtier than the toilet.

Whenever we are addicted to playing mobile phones, my mother will jump out and say, "Holding the mobile phone all day long, in fact, the mobile phone is dirtier than the toilet." Or, do you want your eyes? " At this time, most people will think that mom is exaggerating. But in fact, mom’s words are not exaggerated. In a study in 2009, two scientists found that mobile phones have long been a veritable pathogen reservoir because of their contact with face, ears, lips and hands, and the different health conditions of people who use mobile phones. So, the next time you shoot dishes with your mobile phone before eating, think about those microbes and bacteria. So, what are the common bacteria in mobile phones? Let’s take a look together.　

1. Coliform bacteria

Next time, when you can’t get up on the toilet and have diarrhea, think about it. The culprit may be your mobile phone. Microbiologists at the University of Arizona concluded in a study in 2012 that, on average, smartphones carry more bacteria than horse buckets. Some experts said that we should not be surprised. Because generally speaking, there are fewer bacteria in human thighs than in hands and mouth. However, even people who are obsessed with cleanliness tend to clean toilets more often than mobile phones.　

However, it is still difficult to ignore the existence of coliforms. Coliform bacteria always exist in human and animal feces and plant soil. Now, coliforms also exist unabashedly on personal mobile phones. Although a small amount of these bacteria will not make you sick, their existence means that other pathogens are also lurking on the mobile phone.　

2. Escherichia coli

Like most of the bacteria listed in this article, Escherichia coli is one of the bacteria that we are afraid to avoid. However, the truth is that not all strains of Escherichia coli are harmful to human body, and some strains are even beneficial to human digestive tract.　

E. coli usually exists in human intestines, and if it exists in mobile phones, it means there are other pollutants. In addition, there may be an Escherichia coli strain of O157:H7 serotype on the mobile phone. Although their existence is very rare, it is this pathogen that causes the occurrence of food-borne diseases that we hear in movies and local news broadcasts.　

3. Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus is another common bacterium, and its harmfulness varies according to different strains. Some strains can cause serious skin diseases such as staphylococcal infection. For example, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus can cause skin sores, and the bacteria are spread through skin contact. Usually this kind of bacteria spreads in hospitals, medical centers and other places, and the use of dirty mobile phones undoubtedly accelerates this process.　

In a study in 2009, Turkish microbiologists found that more than half of the 200 people they tested (52%) had their mobile phones contaminated by Staphylococcus aureus. The mobile phone exposed to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus reached 38%.

4. Streptococcus

That day, Anderson Cooper read a lot of news on the computer, but the one that shocked him most was that his favorite BlackBerry was confirmed to be positive for Streptococcus faecalis after testing.

Streptococci are mainly divided into type A and type B.. Many of us will encounter Class A bacteria in childhood, which often causes streptococcal laryngitis. At the same time, this kind of bacteria can also cause more serious scarlet fever, toxic shock syndrome, cellulitis (infection that causes skin swelling) and carnivorous diseases called necrotizing fasciitis. Class B bacteria are also powerful, which may cause pneumonia and urinary tract or skin infections.　

5. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus

Before introducing this bacterium, let’s challenge to read its name quickly five times. Coagulase-negative staphylococci is a kind of antibiotic-resistant bacteria living in human skin and vagina. Although this bacterium is generally less harmful than Staphylococcus aureus, it is a more common cause of blood infection. If you stay in the hospital for a long time and often come into contact with medical equipment, you are likely to be exposed to this bacteria and cause infection. According to the investigation, more than 30% of blood infection cases related to medical care are caused by coagulase-negative staphylococcus.　

At the same time, the bacteria also appear on smartphones and other devices. In 2011, a group of scientists from Ghana selected mobile phones from 100 randomly selected students and took samples from the surfaces of these mobile phones. 15% of mobile phones were positive for coagulase-negative staphylococci.　

6. mold

If the tobacco stored around in the refrigerator has not been thrown away, then they must be moldy. However, mold is more than that. From the research of Turkish health care workers, 10% of the tested mobile phones were also found to have mold.　

Mould is sure to spoil the taste of old refrigerators. Although the mold in the refrigerator is not as spectacular as the mold covering the bedroom wall, it can also cause health problems. Exposure to mold may affect the respiratory system, leading to shortness of breath, stuffy nose, fever and lung infection. Although it is not common to cause lung infection.　

7. Yeast

Just as some bacteria in this article are actually beneficial to the health of the digestive system, yeast also has important functions-it can be used to make pizza and beer. We can be sure that the world with yeast is better. But that doesn’t mean you want to soak your mobile phone in yeast.

In the same Turkish study mentioned above, scientists tested yeast in 1.5% mobile phones. Yeast is a fungus that can live anywhere in the body. Yeast infection can cause severe itching of the skin or vagina and cause secretion in the vagina. The good news is that people are unlikely to get infected with yeast through mobile devices unless they do something very strange with their mobile phones.　

8. Clostridium difficile

It can be said that Clostridium difficile is an advanced and scientific "cause of diarrhea". Elderly patients or patients who have been using antibiotics for a long time are particularly vulnerable to this kind of bacteria. At least now you know that in the foreseeable future, the toilet seat you use may be quite clean.

This kind of bacteria often spreads in hospitals. Healthy people are unlikely to be infected with it, but it is a good idea to clean your mobile phone every once in a while. Apple recommends that you don’t use solvents to clean your phone, just wipe it with a soft cloth. Other technical experts will spray isopropanol and distilled water solution on a soft cloth to wipe and clean the mobile phone.

9. Corynebacterium

No, it’s not a microorganism that can make pranks. It is a pathogen. It can cause a potentially fatal disease called diphtheria. Toxins can pollute the throat of infected people, making it difficult for them to breathe. Diphtheria first begins with a cold, and then the patient begins to have a fever and chills. Finally, the patient was induced to have a heart attack.　　

Fortunately, diphtheria vaccine is widely used in developing countries. But in the United States, this disease does not exist to a large extent. This means that the Corynebacterium found on mobile phones by researchers at the University of Oregon in 2014 may not be a toxic variety.　

10. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

As described by a team of microbiologists, this "opportunistic pathogen" can play a role in various environments. It needs little nutrition and can survive in different environments. Traces of this bacterium can be found in hospital medical equipment, receivers, community communication tools and even your conversation equipment. In a study of 400 mobile phones, Nigerian researchers found that these bacteria are one of the most common bacteria lurking in mobile phones.

Different from other bacteria on this list, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has amazing ability to resist anti-infection treatment. These infections usually occur in hospitals, especially in intensive care patients. Sounds like it’s necessary for us to make the intensive care unit a cell phone-free area.　

　　Large grain growers in Jiangxi distributed 3.08 million "year-end awards" to farmers. On January 8 th, the "planting champions" took a group photo with bonuses. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhou Mi photo

　　Reference message networkReported on January 14th.Foreign media said that a survey found that the impact of slowing economic growth on year-end awards peaked in 2015. In 2016, more white-collar workers in China received year-end awards than in 2015, which was also higher than that in 2014.

　　According to the Financial Times reported on January 13th, an annual survey revealed that more than half of white-collar employees in China had not received the year-end bonus before the coming (expensive) Lunar New Year holiday.

　　A survey of 11,500 employees conducted by Zhaopin, an employment agency in China, found that by the end of 2016, 50.9% of employees had not received the year-end bonus. Another 9.6% employees were told that the year-end bonus would be postponed until after the Spring Festival holiday.

　　Before this slowdown, which began in 2014, employers in China were not so stingy with bonuses. The amount of bonus will be much higher than one month’s salary, so that employees who go home for vacation can have enough cash to buy gifts (or save them as savings) for their elders and other family members.

　　However, the impact of weak growth on year-end awards may have peaked in 2015. At that time, 66% of white-collar workers did not receive the year-end bonus. The proportion in 2016 was actually better than that in 2014, and the proportion that did not receive the year-end award in that year was 61%.

　　However, in this rebound, there has also been a decline in the amount of bonuses: last year’s average year-end bonus was 12,821 yuan, about 2,000 yuan more than in 2015, but still less than the average in 2014 in 800 yuan. More than a quarter of the respondents with shrinking bonuses attributed the reason to the poor performance of the company.

　　The amount of year-end awards varies greatly between different industries and cities. The average year-end bonus of financial institutions is 17,200 yuan, while the year-end bonus of education departments is less than half of this amount, only less than 7,500 yuan.

　　The gap between the 34 cities surveyed is even greater. The average year-end bonus in Beijing is more than 15,800 yuan, which is three times that of Shenyang, which has the lowest year-end bonus.

　　Employees of state-owned enterprises expressed higher satisfaction with the year-end award than private enterprises. This is not surprising, because the average year-end bonus of state-owned enterprises is 17,318 yuan, which is about 6,000 yuan higher than the expected year-end bonus of private enterprises.

　　However, the company’s stinginess in the year-end bonus may not only damage the employees’ Spring Festival holiday, but also turn back and bite their employers: 39% of the respondents said that if the year-end bonus can’t return to normal, they will find another job, which is 2.3 percentage points higher than that in 2015.

　　Original title: "In recent years, the patriotism personally demonstrated by the General Secretary ‘ Open class ’ " The second is.

　　Review | "Pass on the red gene well to ensure that the red mountains and rivers will never change color"

　　Red is the brightest background color in the Communist Party of China (CPC) and People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　Last October, just after the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was concluded, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader led the newly elected 20th CPC The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) to the revolutionary holy land in Yan ‘an, Shaanxi, declaring that the new central collective leadership will continue the red blood and inherit the spirit of struggle.

　　This is a demonstration at more than one rate, and this is a vivid party class to pursue the initial heart.

　　On October 27th, 2022, the Supreme Leader paid a visit to the site of the Seventh Congress of the Communist Party of China in Yang Jialing, Yan ‘an, Shaanxi. Source: Xinhua News Agency

　　Visiting Xiangshan Revolutionary Memorial in Beijing, Xiangjiang Campaign Memorial Park in Guangxi, and Liaoshen Campaign Memorial Hall &hellip in Liaoning; … Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has visited local places and paid many visits to revolutionary holy places, red former sites and revolutionary historical memorial sites of great historical significance to our party.

　　"Pass on the red genes and ensure that the red mountains and rivers will never change color." Field investigations and a series of important speeches on the spot are the most vivid and profound patriotic "open class" with the theme of "red", which tells the past and the future, and is new to history.

　　"Red resources are the testimony of our party’s arduous and brilliant struggle and the most precious spiritual wealth."

　　Only by understanding history can we see far, and by understanding history can we go far.

　　In June, 2021, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader led the 19th Comrade the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee to visit the Red House of Peking University and the former residence of Comrade Mao Zedong in Fengzeyuan, and took the lead in carrying out the study and education of Party history by combining visits and discussions.

　　"Red resources are the testimony of our party’s arduous and brilliant struggle and the most precious spiritual wealth." Through personal demonstration and on-site teaching, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader educates and guides all party comrades to nourish themselves and inspire themselves with the great spirit formed by the party in a hundred years of struggle.

　　On June 25th, 2021, the 19th the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held the 31st collective study on how to make good use of red resources and renew red veins. Source: Xinhua News Agency

　　Know what you have never done, think what you will go, and you will go.

　　Shanghai Party’s first meeting place, Jiaxing Nanhu Red Boat, is the place where our Party dreams to set sail. In October 2017, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader led the 19th CPC The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) to come here to review the history of the Party’s founding and review the pledge of joining the Party.

　　Zunyi, Guizhou, the Zunyi meeting held here in 1935 was an important meeting with great turning point. In June 2015, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to the Zunyi Conference Exhibition Hall and told the commentator: "We should give you a good talk and tell you how our party came."

　　Xibaipo, Hebei Province, where the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China commanded the three major battles of Liaoshen, Huaihai and Pingjin, and thus set out to "go to Beijing to catch the exam". In July 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited Xibaipo Memorial Hall, profoundly pointing out that the "exam-taking" faced by the Party is far from over.

　　Take the lead in setting an example, and the spring breeze turns into rain. The education of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary guides the vast number of party member and draws spiritual nourishment from the "compulsory course" of Party history.

　　"When you go forward, you can’t forget the road you have traveled, go further and go to a brighter future, and you can’t forget the past you have traveled, and you can’t forget why you started." The words of the Supreme Leader General Secretary are firm.

　　"It is the common responsibility of the whole party and society to strengthen the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics, carry forward revolutionary culture and inherit the red gene."

　　"Half a quilt", "Night walk on the grass", "Red Army shoes" and "Monument" … …

　　In September, 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to the first primary school in Wenming Yao Township, Rucheng County, Chenzhou, Hunan Province. The children were reliving the story of the Red Army’s bloody battle with Xiangjiang River under the guidance of the class teacher.

　　"What is the story of the monument?" The general secretary asked.

　　A male student answered this question, and the general secretary even boasted "well said!"

　　"The red gene is reflected in you. The revolutionary cause must be passed down from generation to generation. " Through heuristic education, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader gave the children a vivid "red" ideological and political lesson.

　　On September 16, 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader had a cordial exchange with the students who were taking ideological and political classes in the first primary school of Wenming Yao Township, Rucheng County, Chenzhou, Hunan Province. Source: Xinhua News Agency

　　On the vast land of our country, red resources are scattered all over the place. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has visited various places many times to teach the "open class" of making good use of red resources for the whole party and society.

　　Cherish the memory of revolutionary martyrs and point out that "we will always remember them, remember them and inherit their red genes"; Make good use of red literature and enjoin "to protect it carefully and gradually promote digitalization"; Revitalizing the red land and emphasizing that "it is our party’s solemn commitment to let the people in the old areas live a good life" … …

　　"It is the common responsibility of the whole party and society to strengthen the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics, carry forward revolutionary culture and inherit the red gene." There are 36,000 immovable revolutionary cultural relics registered nationwide, more than 1 million movable revolutionary cultural relics in state-owned collections, and more than 1,600 memorial halls of the National Revolutionary Museum … … The unique value of revolutionary cultural relics resources to stimulate patriotic enthusiasm continues to show.

　　"The Republic is red, and this color cannot be diluted." Time flies, and the background color of Wan Li is always the same.

　　"Always draw wisdom and strength from the revolutionary history"

　　On the eve of July 1, 2021, two "classes" presided over by General Secretary of the Supreme Leader were impressive.

　　On June 18th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader went to the communist party History Exhibition Hall in China, and led party member’s leading comrades to review the pledge of joining the Party, emphasizing "continuing the red blood, carrying forward the glorious tradition" and "drawing forward strength from the struggle history of the Party".

　　A few days later, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out during the 31st collective study in the 19th the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee that "the Party’s historical experience and practice should be used to create enlightenment wisdom, sharpen character, forge ahead and forge ahead".

　　On June 18th, 2021, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader went to communist party History Exhibition Hall in China to visit "‘ Do not forget your initiative mind, remember the mission ’ China communist party History Exhibition ". Source: Xinhua News Agency

　　Red blood is the concentrated expression of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s political nature and the source of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people’s spiritual strength in the new era.

　　Once, in the face of the enemy’s military encirclement and economic blockade, we "do it ourselves and have plenty of food and clothing" and strongly supported the anti-Japanese front. Today, our party has led the people to effectively cope with various risks and tests, and China’s economic strength has achieved a historic leap.

　　Once, with tenacious fighting spirit and superb fighting skills, the Party opened a new situation of China revolution with millet and rifles. Today, our Party is brave in fighting, making progress despite difficulties, and firmly grasping the initiative of China’s development and security.

　　"Always draw wisdom and strength from revolutionary history", the teachings of the Supreme Leader General Secretary are earnest.

　　History illuminates the future, and there is no end to the journey. Learn to make good use of the patriotic "open class" with the theme of "red", supplement calcium and strengthen bones with red resources, and integrate red genes into the blood, and we will surely create new achievements that live up to the expectations of revolutionary ancestors and are worthy of history and people.

　　Planning: Wen Hongyan, Liu Xiaopeng, Yang Xuebo and Jiang Yun.

　　Coordinator: Xiang Li and Liang Changjie.

　　Text: Xiang Li, Cui Can

　　Editor: Yang Wanchen

　　Proofreading: Zhuang Junting, Wu Yue

Recently, another virus began to wreak havoc, that is, respiratory syncytial virus. Recently, many children with bronchitis, asthmatic bronchitis, bronchiolitis and bronchopneumonia were treated in the pediatric clinic and ward of the Public Health Center, and the culprit-respiratory syncytial virus was found!

What is respiratory syncytial virus?

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important virus pathogen that causes acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTI) in children under 5 years old worldwide. Almost all children have had at least one RSV infection before the age of 2.

RSV is an RNA virus, and the dominant virus strains mutate every year, which is easy to be repeatedly infected. It is highly contagious, mainly transmitted through coughing and droplets and close contact (such as touching and kissing infected people), and can survive in vitro for several hours on contaminated desktops and toys. And not only people of all ages are susceptible to it, but it can’t be prevented by vaccines, which makes people hard to prevent.

RSV is a seasonal epidemic virus. In the north of China, it is mainly prevalent from November to April of the following year (mostly in January and February). In the warm and humid south, the incidence rate is relatively high all year round, but it is relatively higher in summer and autumn.

RSV infection is the primary cause of hospitalization of infants with viral respiratory tract infection, which seriously endangers children’s health, especially for premature infants and infants with congenital heart disease or primary immunodeficiency.

RSV infection is the most easily involved in respiratory system, and its main mechanism is airway obstruction, bronchial smooth muscle spasm and subsequent airway hyperresponsiveness, and its clinical manifestations are mostly cough, wheezing and fever.

RSV is mainly transmitted through nasopharyngeal mucosa or ocular mucosa contacting with virus-containing secretions or pollutants. Direct contact is the most common route of transmission, but droplets and aerosols can also cause transmission, so hand washing and contact protection are important measures to prevent transmission.

What are the symptoms of RSV infection?

The incubation period of RSV infection is generally 2~8 days, and symptoms usually appear after 4~6 days of infection.

After most healthy children are infected with RSV, the mild symptoms and early symptoms of infection are similar to the common cold, with symptoms such as nasal congestion, cough, sneezing, runny nose and low fever.

With the development of the disease, severe cases will have dyspnea or shortness of breath, wheezing, irritability, loss of appetite, and even respiratory failure and heart failure.

Especially for premature infants or children with severe heart disease, lung disease and abnormal immune function, it is very dangerous to be infected with RSV. In addition, RSV is the main pathogen of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants before 2 years old (2~6 months old is the peak age of bronchiolitis), so parents should never take it lightly.

RSV is self-limited. For children with normal immune function, family care can be done when mild infection occurs, such as feeding the baby a small amount of water many times, using a humidifier properly, dropping a little physiological saline into the baby’s nasal cavity, and sucking with a nasal aspirator after a few minutes to help the baby discharge secretions from the nasal cavity.

Note: If the symptoms are serious, you must go to the hospital in time if the following symptoms appear:

1. Body temperature > 38.5℃, and it does not go back repeatedly;

2. The baby is fidgety, crying and has a poor mental state;

3. The baby’s appetite is greatly reduced or refuses to eat, and dehydration is observed;

4. The suction frequency is greater than 60 times per minute;

5. Dyspnea, shortness of breath, (observed that the baby’s nostrils are open and breathing hard, and the muscles under the ribs or chest are depressed inward, etc.) (as shown below);

How to treat RSV infection?

There is no specific medicine at present. Clinically, symptomatic support treatment is usually adopted, with isolation nursing and symptom relief as the main methods.

○ What should I do if my baby has a fever?

If the baby’s temperature is above 38.5℃, the high fever persists and there are uncomfortable symptoms, you can take ibuprofen or acetaminophen orally.

○ What about coughing and runny nose?

If the baby has cough and runny nose, parents are not advised to use cold medicine, cough medicine or antibiotics at home without authorization. Instead, it is recommended to consult a doctor and take the medicine according to the doctor’s advice to prevent other adverse reactions.

Because RSV often invades the lower respiratory tract, unlike the general upper respiratory tract infection, parents must consult a doctor before taking the medicine!

○ Can I use antiviral drugs?

If it is a baby with severe RSV infection, antiviral drugs may be used, but they also need to be used according to the doctor’s advice.

○ Will there be sequelae?

Mild prognosis is good: babies with mild symptoms don’t have to worry after infection, and the prognosis is usually good.

Attention should be paid within 12 months: RSV is highly related to bronchial asthma, the most common chronic respiratory disease in children, especially when infants under 12 months are infected with RSV.

Studies have confirmed that children infected with RSV in infancy are four times more likely to have asthma or repeated wheezing in the future than those who are not infected, and severe lung function damage can last for more than 10 years. If most children are infected with RSV within one year of birth, they will be infected repeatedly for the next three years.

How to prevent RSV?

● Keep children’s hand hygiene: don’t rub your eyes and nose after going home, and wash your hands in time.

● Wear a mask in public places: remember to wear a mask in schools, hospitals, cinemas and crowded places without ventilation. If it is a baby who can’t adapt to masks, parents should keep a distance from others.

● Keep indoor air circulation: convection ventilation can be used when the air quality is good and the weather is warm; Ventilation for several times in cold weather, and the time is kept at about a few minutes; It is not recommended to open the window for ventilation when the air quality is poor.

● Reducing irritating gases such as second-hand smoke and formaldehyde in the environment can protect the immune function of the baby’s airway mucosa.

Official micro of public health center

Your family’s health consultant

Long press

Identify two-dimensional code

Original title: "Public Health Science | Parents need to pay attention-respiratory syncytial virus infection is coming again! 》

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　　General Secretary Supreme Leader’s important instructions on the 70th anniversary of the meteorological cause in New China pointed out the fundamental direction, strategic orientation, goal, strategic focus and strategic task of the meteorological cause development in the new era, fully reflected the great importance attached by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and provided fundamental guidance for the meteorological cause development in the new era.

　　According to the unified deployment of China Meteorological Bureau, the Asset Management Affairs Center of China Meteorological Administration strengthened leadership and meticulous organization, and conveyed the spirit of the important instructions of the General Secretary to all cadres and workers in a timely manner, demanding that studying and implementing the spirit of the important instructions of the General Secretary be a long-term political task; It is required to give full play to the role of strategic planning, planning guidance and business support, closely integrate the spirit of the important instructions of the General Secretary with the business development of the asset center, and implement it in all aspects and the whole process of key work. The leading group of the Party Committee and the theoretical study center group of the Party Committee play an exemplary and leading role, so as to grasp the spirit of important instructions ahead and plan the development of meteorological undertakings ahead. Party organizations at all levels organize theme learning activities through the combination of centralized learning and individual self-study, which has achieved remarkable results. Cooperate with the functional department to prepare special publicity materials on the strategic orientation and historical mission of meteorological work in the new era. Make use of various carriers to publicize the spirit of the important instructions of the General Secretary, truly achieve comprehensive, systematic, comprehensive and thorough learning, and promote business through learning, and strive to build the asset center into the main position of "planning and leading" and the advance team of career development.

　　Focus on the construction of a strong meteorological country, give play to the role of strategic planning, and do a good job in strategic research on development policies. Focusing on the fundamental direction of serving the country and the people, meteorology is related to the strategic positioning of life safety, production development, affluent life and good ecology. Actively promote the research and compilation of the outline of meteorological modernization development plan, and cooperate with the functional departments to complete the Proposal for the Compilation of the Outline of Meteorological Modernization Development (2021-2035) and submit it for deliberation; Study and compile the Meteorological Development Report of China (2020), track the meteorological development progress of China, record the meteorological development track of China, and lay the foundation for meteorological development and planning research; Focusing on the major issues in the construction of the meteorological system in the new era, the modernization of international meteorology and the progress of reform, the "Consultation Report" is regularly formed to provide a basis for the decision-making of the bureau party group; According to the actual needs, we tracked and sorted out the meteorological development trends, created the decision-making consulting service product "Appreciating Information", studied the key, hot and difficult issues of meteorological development, and provided the latest information to the bureau party group and related institutions; Established "International Meteorological Vision" to report the development trend of international and domestic meteorological science and technology, and provide reference for the development of meteorological science and technology in China.

　　Aim at the national development strategy, give play to the leading role of planning, and do a good job in the research and compilation of development planning. Focusing on the strategic goal of high-quality development of meteorological undertakings in the new era and building a meteorological power, aiming at the requirements of national development strategy, international advanced scientific and technological level, major national reforms and major policy plans, we will perform the duties of researching and compiling master plans, regional plans and major special plans. Deploy the preparation of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" for meteorological development, promote the research on six major topics, such as national strategic needs and international development trends, strengthen the docking and coordination among topics, and strive to form high-quality, high-standard and high-level research results, making them the general basis for regional planning and special planning of national meteorological departments; Docking the national strategy and local needs, planning relevant regional planning and special planning, based on the work requirements of "supplementing shortcomings, improving capacity and seeing actual results", vigorously and orderly carrying out the research and preparation of special planning for improving the capacity of meteorological stations, and simultaneously promoting the preparation of materials for the construction of ecological security and high-quality development regional planning and eco-meteorological support capacity projects in the Yellow River Basin.

　　Improve the ability of service support, give play to the role of business support, and do a good job in the top-level design and evaluation of the project. Focusing on the strategic focus of giving full play to the role of meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation as the first line of defense, we will accelerate scientific and technological innovation, achieve the strategic task of monitoring, accurate forecasting and fine service, and carefully design the top-level construction of major national meteorological support projects. Around the country’s major strategic needs, actively plan and co-ordinate the national engineering consulting and design work such as informatization, marine phase II, southwest figure, mountain torrents, natural disaster prevention and ecology, so as to provide a strong guarantee for the improvement of meteorological business basic ability, service support ability, core technology breakthrough and business capacity reserve; Carry out major meteorological projects and project implementation evaluations such as the evaluation of the implementation of document No.3 of the State Council, the evaluation of meteorological modernization development, the evaluation of one hospital, eight institutes and provincial institutes, and the evaluation of meteorological data sharing benefits, so as to provide strong support for improving the quality and efficiency of meteorological modernization; Strive to explore the whole process of engineering construction services, make use of the advantages of information technology, integrate engineering consulting, project procurement, financial information resources, track and collect national meteorological support engineering construction information such as marine and mountain flood geological disasters, and form an analysis report, which provides a strong guarantee for engineering construction project management.

　　2020 is an important year for deepening the reform and development of the asset center. The asset center will thoroughly implement the spirit of the important instructions of the General Secretary and do a good job in policy strategy research, planning research, engineering design evaluation, engineering construction services and capital assets supervision services. We will continue to promote the institutional reform of the asset center, improve various business systems, innovate institutional mechanisms, mobilize and stimulate the vitality of talents, continuously strengthen business strength, effectively play the role of strategic planning, planning guidance and business support, and promote the high-quality development of meteorological undertakings.

Mashan county Student Financial Assistance Service Center staff handle loans for loan students.

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Yesterday, the reporter learned from the Nanning Student Financial Assistance Management Office that in 2022, the acceptance of student-origin credit student loans in Nanning has been officially launched, and the acceptance time is from August 1 to September 30. Students with household financial difficulties who need loans in Nanning can apply for it during this period.

Under the requirements of normalized epidemic prevention and control, in order to avoid the gathering of people, this year, Nanning’s student-origin credit student loans continue to implement the mode of "appointment processing" for the first loan application and "online processing" for the renewal loan application.

Freshmen who apply for loans for the first time at Nanning Household Registration University must complete their registration on the Student Online System of China Development Bank, and make an appointment on the "Nanning Education" WeChat WeChat official account, the relevant county (city, district) Education Bureau (funding center) WeChat WeChat official account or the loan QQ group before they can go to the county-level student financial assistance management department at the place where their household registration is located with co-borrower at a specified time. Students in Nanning’s household registration renewal colleges and universities have passed the online signing process of the student loan system and passed the identity authentication. After the teacher of the county-level student financial assistance center accepts the audit, the renewal contract is signed without going to the scene.

Special reminder:

1. Recently, some self-media propagandists can go to the community to receive an education bonus of 500-3000 yuan with their admission notice and ID card. Please carefully identify the sources of information and consult with the teachers of the graduate high school and the student financial assistance department where the household registration is located. Don’t install and download SMS, MMS, email, etc. with URL links of unknown origin, keep personal and bank account information well, and don’t tell strangers the password and verification code.

2. Before and after the start of school, there is a high incidence of telecommunication and online fraud. There may be fraudsters who promise relatives, friends, teachers or other personnel to send text messages, make phone calls, add WeChat or QQ friends to freshmen to defraud money in the name of granting grants, canceling loans, winning prizes, swiping bills, refunding shopping, recommending financial management, etc., or granting internet consumer loans to lure students into the trap of high loans. Please keep your eyes open and be alert!

3. Borrowing students should establish a sense of repayment in good faith, and pay back on time according to the contract after graduation, so as to avoid affecting personal credit information due to late repayment.

Guide to Credit Student Loan for Students in Nanning in 2022

I. Loan policy

(a) the loan object

Full-time undergraduate students (including second bachelor’s degree students, higher vocational students, preparatory students) and full-time graduate students (including master’s degree students and doctoral students) whose families are in financial difficulties and their income is not enough to support the basic expenses required for students to complete their studies at school.

(2) Loan amount

Full-time college students (including students with second bachelor’s degree, higher vocational students and preparatory students): 1000 yuan ≤ The loan amount applied for by each person per year is ≤ 12,000 yuan; Full-time graduate students (including master’s and doctoral students): 1000 yuan ≤ The loan amount applied for by each person per year is ≤ 16,000 yuan. Loans are used to pay tuition and accommodation fees during school, and the excess can be used to make up for daily living expenses.

Loan Term: The longest loan term will be 15 years according to the remaining academic system, and the longest loan term will not exceed 22 years.

Loan interest and interest rate: during the school period, the interest will be fully subsidized by the government. Interest needs to be paid from the year of graduation, and only interest needs to be repaid within the grace period of 5 years. The loan interest rate will be LPR5Y-30 basis points (i.e. LPR5Y-0.3%) issued by the National Interbank Funding Center authorized by the People’s Bank of China. It will be adjusted once every December 21st according to the latest LPR5Y.

Second, the first loan processing process

(1) Online self-service application

Log in to the online student loan system (https://sls.cdb.com.cn), complete the registration, fill in the personal and co-borrower basic information, and submit the loan application. Students who have passed the pre-application, after printing and signing the Application Form, upload the loan application materials according to the system prompt; Students who have not passed the pre-application and really need to apply for student loans due to family financial difficulties need to fill out the Identification Form for Students with Family Financial Difficulties according to the actual situation, and submit it to the county-level student financial assistance center for examination and handling at the scene.

(B) WeChat WeChat official account appointment (taking "Nanning Education" WeChat official account as an example)

1. Search and follow "Nanning Education" WeChat official account on WeChat.

2. Enter "Nanning Education" WeChat WeChat official account, and click to enter "Service Hall".

3. Find the function of "Student Loan Appointment" in the "Convenience Service" section of the "Service Hall".

4. Complete the study and information filling of the items such as Health Screening Information Form, Learning Loan Policy, Question and Answer on Loan Policy, and Loan Appointment one by one (please pay attention to the correct selection of the outlets and appointment time of the county-level student financial assistance center where your account is located), and then you can complete the appointment.

5. The information about the successful appointment, the list of application materials (admission notice, ID card and household registration book of the applicant and co-borrower, etc.) and the telephone number of the county-level student financial assistance center can be inquired in the "Appointment Record".

6. If you accidentally return to the previous page after making an appointment, you can check whether the appointment was successful in the "Appointment Record" to avoid repeating the appointment.

After the appointment is successful, the borrowing students and co-borrower will bring the original ID card, the original household registration book, the original admission notice (or student ID card) or the online verification report of Xuexin. com, and the Application Form for Student Credit Loan of China Development Bank. Students who fail to apply in advance will also bring the original Identification Form for Students with Financial Difficulties to the county-level student financial assistance center where their household registration is located to sign a loan contract. Finally, report to the university with the Acceptance Certificate, and ask the teachers of the university financial aid center to enter the electronic receipt before October 10 of that year.

Special note: Students and parents who go to the site to apply for the first loan of student loans must hold a green health code, wear a mask and have their body temperature taken before entering the site.

Third, the remote loan renewal process

Students who renew their loans log on to the student online service system (https://sls.cdb.com.cn), and after confirming their personal and co-borrower information, they submit their loan renewal applications, choose the online signing method, and carry out identity authentication. After the identity authentication is successful, the remote loan application is submitted to the county-level student financial assistance center, and the borrowing students do not need to go to the site to handle it, just wait patiently for approval and acceptance. After the county-level student financial assistance center approves the acceptance, the borrower will receive a receipt verification message and can log in to the system to print the contract and the Acceptance Certificate. Students report to colleges and universities with the receipt verification SMS or the Acceptance Certificate, and ask college teachers to enter the electronic receipt before October 10 of that year.

1905 movie network news A few days ago, the film version of the best-selling novel Ferryman released its first starring role — — Louis partridge. The 00-year-old actor appeared in the film Miss Holmes and returned to play Miss Holmes 2 this year.

The novel The Ferryman, written by Claire Mcfall, tells the story of Ka Rong, a ferryman on the Styx River in Greek mythology, about a girl Dylan who suffered a train accident. She thought she was the only survivor, but later found that she was the only one who "died" and was stuck in a special space. And Dylan’s soul met her ferryman Tristan — — A mysterious existence, shouldering the task of guiding the dead soul to the afterlife. The two began to take risks and fall in love, but there was a huge crisis around them, and Dylan refused to leave Tristan … …

It is reported that the film was produced by Legendary Pictures and directed by its screenwriter Kelly Marcel.

Original publicity center, Zhejiang University Children’s Hospital of Pediatrics Department

"The child was hospitalized for pneumonia several times this year.

I really don’t want to experience it again … "

"I get nervous when I see him coughing."

In winter, the temperature changes greatly, and respiratory diseases gradually enter a period of high incidence. Unfortunately, bacteria, viruses and mycoplasma can’t be prevented. Many parents have already started to feel anxious ahead of time, and they have said that their children have been accidentally recruited several times this year, which is really scary.

After many inquiries, I heard that the vaccine is effective in preventing pneumonia, but many parents still have doubts about it.

"In response to pneumonia in children, vaccines are indeed the key." Ji Chai, deputy director of the Children’s Health Department of Zhejiang University Children’s Hospital, said, "All kinds of infectious sources such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and mycoplasma can cause pneumonia. The more common pathogens are influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib), mycoplasma pneumoniae and so on. At present, there are corresponding vaccines for influenza virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib), which can help children establish an immune barrier against these three pathogens and effectively reduce the probability of severe illness. "

So, which children need to be vaccinated? Is it necessary to vaccinate them all? How to choose a variety of influenza vaccines, pneumonia vaccine and Hib vaccines? When is the best time for vaccination? We specially invited Deputy Chief Physician Ji Chai to answer the questions of parents in detail.

Ji Chai, Deputy Director of Child Health Department, Deputy Chief Physician.

Specialty: Follow-up of high-risk infants, immunization consultation and follow-up of children with William syndrome.

Research fields: nutrition and development monitoring of premature infants, phenotype and gene related research of William syndrome, and safety and effectiveness of vaccination for children with special health conditions.

Outpatient time: Wednesday and Friday morning, Thursday afternoon (lakeside campus)

01

What is the principle of vaccine?

Vaccine is a preventive biological product made of pathogenic microorganisms (such as bacteria, viruses, etc.) and their metabolites by artificial attenuation, inactivation or transgenic methods to prevent infectious diseases. The vaccine retains the characteristic that pathogenic microorganisms stimulate human immune system, that is, immunogenicity. When people are vaccinated, the immune system will produce certain protective substances, such as immunocompetent substances and corresponding antibodies. When the human body comes into contact with the corresponding pathogenic microorganisms again, the protective substances produced will play a role in preventing the harm of pathogenic microorganisms to the human body.

02

Which children suggested playing?

Influenza vaccine/pneumonia vaccine /Hib vaccine?

Influenza vaccine: Influenza is different from common cold. It is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus, which is very harmful to human health. People are generally susceptible to influenza virus, and timely influenza vaccination is an effective means of prevention.

If children over 6 months old have no contraindications to vaccines, it is recommended to get the flu vaccine.

Pneumonia vaccine: Pneumococcal infectious disease is one of the common diseases. According to the survey, the incidence of pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children and the elderly over 60 years old is three times that of young people, and about 2.5 million people suffer from pneumococcal pneumonia every year.

Pneumococcus is widely distributed in nature, and it is a typical opportunistic pathogen, mainly transmitted directly by respiratory droplets or infected by colonization bacteria. 30% or more healthy people will carry pneumococcus in the nasopharynx without getting sick, but when the body’s resistance drops, pneumococcus is easy to take advantage of it and cause serious diseases such as pneumococcal pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis and septicemia.

Children under 5 years old, especially infants under 2 years old, are particularly vulnerable to this pathogen because their autoimmune function is not yet fully developed. Secondly, the elderly over 65 years old and people with low immunity are also high-risk and susceptible groups of pneumococcal diseases.

Hib vaccine: Hib is a common pathogen in respiratory tract, which is mainly transmitted directly through droplets. After infection, it can not only cause non-bacteremia pneumonia, otitis media, sinusitis and conjunctivitis, but also lead to invasive diseases, mainly manifested as meningitis, pneumonia, bacteremia, cellulitis and other multi-system and multi-site infections. In 2000, Haemophilus influenzae infection caused 371,000 deaths worldwide, most of which were children under 5 years old.

According to epidemiological studies, Hib mainly invades children under 5 years old and infants, especially infants under 18 months old, and the peak incidence is concentrated in 6-12 months old. Hib vaccine is suitable for children from 2 months to 5 years old. Vaccination with this vaccine can effectively reduce pneumonia, meningitis and even death caused by Haemophilus influenzae infection in children.

It should be noted that both the pentavaccine and the quadruple vaccine contain Hip vaccine, so there is no need for repeated vaccination.

03

Multi-influenza vaccine/pneumonia vaccine /Hib vaccine

What is the difference?

Influenza vaccine: tetravalent influenza vaccine, compared with the original trivalent influenza vaccine, has one more influenza virus strain to prevent, and besides influenza A H1N1, H3N2 and BV strains of trivalent influenza vaccine, there is also one more influenza B BY strain.

The tetravalent influenza vaccine suitable for 6 -35 months old brings more comprehensive protection against influenza virus to infants in the younger age group, and two doses are required, with an interval of 4 weeks.

Pneumonia vaccine: pneumonia vaccine mainly includes two kinds: 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. It can prevent pneumonia and related infections caused by 13 and 23 corresponding serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection respectively.

The prevention scope of the two vaccines is different from that of the vaccinated population: 13-valent pneumonia vaccine can prevent pneumonia caused by 13 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae, such as 1, 3, 7F and 9V; The range of prevention of 23-valent pneumonia vaccine is relatively wide, which can prevent pneumonia caused by 23 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, the 23-valent vaccine is a polysaccharide vaccine, and the immune response of children under 2 years old to polysaccharide antigen is weak, so the 23-valent vaccine can not protect them.

At present, the 13-valent pneumonia vaccine is mainly suitable for infants and children from 6 weeks to 5 years old; The 23-price pneumonia vaccine is suitable for children and adults over two years old.

Hib vaccine: Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine There are three other conjugate vaccines at present, including acellular DTaP-Hib, adsorbed acellular DTP inactivated polio and Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine (DTaP-IPV/Hib), and AC group meningococcal polysaccharide (conjugate)-Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine (conjugate).

04

How long is the validity period of influenza vaccine/pneumonia vaccine /Hib vaccine?

Do I need to call every year?

The flu vaccine needs to be given every year. On the one hand, the epidemic subtype of influenza virus changes every year, and it is easy to mutate. Last year’s vaccine may not be able to resist this year’s virus subtype well.

On the other hand, the protective antibodies produced after vaccination can last for 6 ~ 8 months, and will gradually weaken over time. Only by vaccination every year can we obtain continuous immunity.

For children, pneumonia vaccine and Hib vaccines don’t need to be vaccinated every year, just complete the prescribed vaccination procedures according to the corresponding instructions.

05

Influenza vaccine/pneumonia vaccine /Hib vaccine

Is it necessary to call them all?

It is necessary. At present, these three kinds of vaccines belong to vaccines outside the national immunization program and are vaccinated voluntarily, so the vaccination rate of the population is still very low, and the population is generally susceptible. If there are no contraindications, vaccination is recommended.

06

Have been infected with influenza virus/Streptococcus pneumoniae/

Haemophilus influenzae type B, do you still need a vaccine?

You still need to be vaccinated. Because these three pathogens have different serotypes, each infection is only one of them, and it is impossible to produce protective antibodies against all serotypes after infection, and the vaccine contains a variety of common susceptible serotypes, which has a wide range of protection, so it is suggested that the corresponding vaccine should still be vaccinated after infection.

07

Can influenza vaccine/pneumonia vaccine /Hib vaccine be vaccinated at the same time?

These three vaccines are inactivated vaccines, which are out of the national immunization program, and can be vaccinated at the same time in principle.

08

When is the best time to get vaccinated,

Is it too late to call now?

Influenza vaccine does not take effect immediately after vaccination, and it takes 2-4 weeks to produce protective antibodies. Generally speaking, November-December is the high season of influenza every year, so September-October is the best vaccination time. Of course, the baby can still be vaccinated at any stage of the epidemic season, which can produce protection.

Pneumonia vaccine: The best age for 13-valent pneumonia vaccine is 6 weeks after birth, and for 23-valent pneumonia vaccine, it is 2 years old. If you need to vaccinate again, you need to wait five years.

Hib vaccine: The best age for vaccination is 2 months after birth.

09

Can you prevent pneumonia 100% after vaccination?

That’s not true. Although the vaccine can prevent most people from being infected, the protection rate cannot reach 100%, which is related to the characteristics of the vaccine itself and the personal physique of the recipient. The vaccine can only prevent specific pathogens.

10

Which children can’t get this kind of vaccine?

(1) Those who are allergic to any ingredients contained in the vaccine (including auxiliary materials, formaldehyde, cracking agents and antibiotics) are prohibited from vaccination. Egg allergy is not recommended as a taboo for influenza vaccination.

(2) Patients with mild to moderate acute diseases with or without fever symptoms should be vaccinated after the symptoms subside.

* (For details, please refer to different vaccine instructions or the special clinic for immunization consultation in the lakeside campus of Zhejiang University Children’s Hospital, Tuesday afternoon, Wednesday and Thursday morning. )

In addition, there are still some contraindications and caution in vaccination. Parents should inform the doctor of the child’s medical history, allergy history and medication history before taking their children for vaccination.

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April 28th this year is He Jiong’s 46th birthday, and it is also the annual release date of He Bang. Yesterday, # Who can get the No.1 on the list # got a hot search and became an online carnival with interactive star fans.

The so-called "He Bang", originally an easy term for rice circles, refers to the ranking of hot comments made by fans who helped their loved beans under Weibo on He Jiong’s birthday. Because it can directly reflect the real fan voice of the star, "He Bang" has become a witness to the change of entertainment flow in a certain sense.

By 2019, the total number of fans of entertainment stars on Weibo has reached nearly 20 billion. When the number of users is large enough and the fan economy is maturing, stars, fans, support and socialization are constantly colliding with new ways of playing.

Weibo is still the first platform for star powder interaction.

Every year, most entertainment circles celebrate He Jiong’s birthday. In He Laoshi’s comment area of Weibo on the same day, all kinds of traffic will meet, and fans will join the army of comments. The "He Bang" is comparable to the touchstone of entertainment popularity.

Similar to netizens calling for Shanzheng’s brother and Jiefan’s "sunset red group building" in Jay Chou, He Bang is another online social activity organized by fans spontaneously because of stars, which finally set off phenomenal network events. With the maturity of the pink circle culture and the participation of pan-entertainment users, new ways of interaction between stars and fans are constantly emerging.

According to statistics, the total number of fans of entertainment stars in Weibo has maintained rapid growth in the past three years: 12.8 billion in 2017, 16.7 billion in 2018 and 19.2 billion in 2019.

Weibo, as the largest open social platform, not only attracts stars to settle in, but also attracts their fans. 90% of the head stars have support clubs to open online support in Weibo, and there are 2,485 blue V certified support clubs. Among them, 30% are only in idolize, Weibo platform, and have never settled in other social products. In addition, there are 14,215 orange V certified fan stations and KOL.?

In addition to the fan base, Weibo has a large number of pan-entertainment users who are also willing to participate in the star-powder interaction and experience the fan play. As of June 2019, the number of celebrity classified super-words reached 180 million.

Xu Zhengchao and Jay Chou Chao who caused phenomenal network events (deadline: 21: 40 on April 29th).

Especially since the "Idol Year" in 2018, popular draft players represented by KUN and fans have formed a very sticky relationship with each other in Weibo through various forms of interaction, such as becoming iron powder, helping the star power list, editing and submitting videos. Idols also strengthened their popularity through Weibo after the draft and continued to suck powder.

These data show that Weibo is still firmly on the first platform of fan economy and star fan interaction. Online collective activities such as He Bang and other stars and fans can only take place on the Weibo platform.

"He Bang" forwarding area at 21: 40 on April 29th.

Why can only He Jiong’s birthday form a list?

In the domestic entertainment circle, He Jiong is unique. On the one hand, he has strong professionalism, deep qualifications and wide connections; On the other hand, He Laoshi has always been famous for his understanding and high emotional intelligence. His immortal friendship with artists of his peers and his love for younger artists are all talked about by everyone, and he is well-known in the circle.

Huang Lei once commented on He Jiong: "He has helped too many people in his life. Too many young people, the last "Happy Camp", He Laoshi felt good, he would recommend it to others, and there was no purpose. " The new generation of artists, more or less have been taken care of by He Jiong.

Weibo Hot Search # Happy Family Members Celebrate He Jiong’s Birthday #

Counting the "He Bang" over the years is almost the ups and downs of the latest top stream in the entertainment circle. If a play is a hit in a certain year, the birthday wishes issued by its leading actor are likely to appear at the forefront of the "He Bang" in the following year.

In the second half of 2016, Weibo launched the hot ranking function, so 2017 was the first year of Hebang, when TFBOYS occupied a popular highland;

In 2018, Jackson Yee and Karry are still in the top two, followed by LAY, Zhao Liying, Roy, Daxun Wei and Yang Mi. Shen Yue and Hu Yi Tian, starring in "To Our Simple Little Beauty", are in the forefront;

2019 is a year for He Bang to move towards the real popularity list, with more than 130 stars sending birthday wishes and comments exceeding one million. TFBOYS leads steadily. KUN, Chen Linong and Adam, who debuted in Idol Trainee, Lu Han and Wu Yifan, who have traditional traffic, Meng Mei Qi of Creation 101, and a group of florets, etc. have all squeezed into the list. Peng Yuchang Zifeng Zhang, who became popular with "Get My Brother Away" and further circled in "The Life I yearn for", has also been praised by netizens.

"He Bang" comment area at 21: 40 on April 29th.

This year, perhaps in order to keep a low profile in the epidemic year, He Jiong set up a hidden birthday in Weibo in advance. However, the birthday dynamic cards automatically released by Weibo system have still become the data battlefields for fans.

After the card was released, it won 30,000 comments and 180,000 likes in just ten minutes. Up to now, Weibo’s comments and comments on this article have both exceeded the display limit (1 million), and the praise has reached 33 million+.

As of 21: 40 on April 29th, He Jiong’s birthday was Weibo.

Yang Di quipped under Roy’s comments, "You are still popular, so you rushed to the front of me, obviously I came first." The profile shows that although it is very important to seize the initiative and gain the favor of passers-by, the final ranking of the "He Bang" is still heat.

In 2020, the "He Bang" champion will continue to be led by Jackson Yee Lian Lian and TFBOYS, and the crowd will form the first echelon. YiBo, R1SE and other artists who were active last year and had been on the same stage with He Jiong also ranked higher. Jackson Yee’s comments alone received 150,000 replies and 1.45 million likes.

The book "The Third Wave" once predicted the era of "production consumers", and star fans are typical production consumers-they interact with stars, have an impact on star brands, and together with stars, have communication influence and commercial value. At present, Weibo has successfully built a good fan ecosystem, and "He Bang" is just a microcosm of it.

He Jiong