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In mid-June, the General Office of the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Healthy and Rapid Development of cross-border electronic commerce (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions). This is a guiding document to accelerate the development of cross-border electronic commerce under the new situation. The industry believes that these policies are aimed at creating a more relaxed and convenient development environment, which will effectively promote the healthy and rapid development of cross-border electronic commerce, a new format. > > > detailed

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　China has intensively introduced support policies to help cross-border e-commerce development.

In recent years, China has intensively introduced policies and measures to serve cross-border e-commerce development. Since May this year alone, the State Council has successively issued Opinions on Vigorously Developing E-commerce and Accelerating the Cultivation of New Economic Motives and Several Opinions of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation of New Advantages in Foreign Trade Competition, and the Ministry of Commerce has also formulated the Action Plan of "Circulation in internet plus", further clarifying the attitude of encouraging the rapid development of e-commerce.

Why cross-border e-commerce is frequently "supported" by Li Keqiang: transformation and upgrading are superior and superior

Experts said that the sluggish foreign trade situation and the booming development of e-commerce made it inevitable to introduce this policy. The development of cross-border electronic commerce can not only promote the transformation and upgrading of the open economy and create new economic growth points, but also provide more choices for consumers, which is a "kill more birds with one stone" move.

Ma Yun: China government’s support for cross-border e-commerce is "inspiring"

In an exclusive interview, Ma Yun also said that the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Healthy and Rapid Development of cross-border electronic commerce" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions") recently issued by the State Council, China is "inspiring". He said: "I think the China government has shown a strong attitude here, which is a very good concrete support measure for mass entrepreneurship and innovation."

Financial support for cross-border e-commerce projects will help small and micro enterprises to go international.

"Cross-border e-commerce shortens the traditional supply chain and effectively reduces the cost of intermediate links, which is a new channel for foreign trade enterprises to explore the international market." Wei Jianguo, vice chairman of China International Economic Exchange Center, believes that small and medium-sized enterprises can participate in global trade by means of e-commerce platform, and directly face the personalized needs of customers, which will help them climb from the low-end to the high-end of the global value chain, which is in line with the general direction of "Made in China" transformation and upgrading.

　

　 　 　 　　In the name of responding to the North Korean missile threat, the United States deployed the "Sade" anti-missile system in South Korea. Obviously, the monitoring scope of "Sade" goes far beyond the need of defending North Korean missiles, which directly harms the strategic security interests of China, Russia and other countries.

　 　 　 　　In response to the anti-missile deployment of the United States, the Russian Deputy Prime Minister said on July 31 that the missile system carried by the Russian "God of the North Wind" class strategic nuclear submarine can break through any anti-missile system.

　 　 　 　　Russia: "God of the North Wind" can break any anti-missile system.

　

　 　 　 　　Russia held a naval festival celebration on July 31st, and a documentary "Tsar of the Sea", which mainly introduced Russian "Yasen" class, "God of the North Wind" class nuclear submarines and North Devinsk Shipyard, met with the public. In an interview with Russian TV about the documentary, Russian Deputy Prime Minister rogozin said that no matter where the anti-missile system is deployed, the missiles carried by the "God of the North Wind" class nuclear submarine can break through its defense.

　 　 　 　　"God of the North Wind" is the latest strategic nuclear submarine developed by Russia. It is 170 meters long and 13.5 meters wide, with a maximum underwater speed of 29 knots, a maximum diving depth of 450 meters and a capacity of 107 people. It adopts advanced noise reduction technology, which makes it difficult to be found when carrying out nuclear strike.

　 　 　 　　Russian missiles have a "trick" to break through the anti-missile system

　 　 　 　　The "God of the North Wind" ship carries the "Blava" intercontinental ballistic missile, which was specially developed by Russia for the "God of the North Wind" class strategic nuclear submarine. It has a range of 8,000 kilometers and can carry 6 to 10 hypersonic sub-guided nuclear warheads. Each nuclear submarine can carry 16 solid-fuel "Brava" intercontinental ballistic missiles.

　 　 　 　　Where are these Russian missiles? Military experts pointed out that Russian missiles have the following three advantages: strong maneuverability and great difficulty in interception; The camouflage warhead is difficult to distinguish between true and false; The warhead is invisible and can avoid radar. It is with these special capabilities that Russia dares to declare that it can break through the US anti-missile system.

　 　 　 　　Us anti-missile attack on both sides, Russia deploying missile response　

　 　 　 　　In recent years, Russia has been playing a fierce game with the United States against the "anti-missile system."

　 　 　 　　In Europe, the United States used the Iranian nuclear issue as an excuse to vigorously promote the construction of anti-missile systems. On May 12, 2016, the land-based Aegis system of the United States in Romania was officially put into use, and on May 13, the land-based Aegis system in Poland started construction. In view of the European anti-missile system of the United States, on the one hand, Russia stepped up the deployment of iskander missiles; on the other hand, it inclined funds to develop and test new missiles, such as RS-26 Border and RS-28 sarmat.

　 　 　 　　In Asia, the United States deployed the "Sade" system in South Korea under the pretext of North Korean missiles. As a countermeasure, Russia deployed two of the three active "God of the North Wind" nuclear submarines to the Russian Pacific Fleet headquartered in Vladivostok. At the same time, Russia is also building new naval bases on disputed islands between Russia and Japan, which Russia calls the South Kuril Islands and Japan calls the four northern islands.

　 　 　 　　"shield" can be changed into "long sword" to break the strategic balance

　 　 　 　　As for the anti-missile systems deployed by the United States, Russian President Vladimir Putin once pointed out that these anti-missile systems claim to be for defense, but in fact, they will change their use from defense to attack without the knowledge of the host country, which will break the global strategic balance.

　 　 　 　　There is a "killer weapon" to deal with the US anti-missile Russia

　 　 　 　　In addition to the "Brava" intercontinental ballistic missile, in fact, Russia has several other killers to deal with the anti-missile system of the United States.

　 　 　 　　① "iskander-M" tactical missile

　 　 　 　　"iskander -M" is an advanced modern tactical missile of Russian army, which can carry all kinds of warheads, including nuclear warheads. It can be equipped with two missiles at each launching position, and it can launch two targets in one minute, with high flexibility, concealment and adaptability.

　 　 　 　　② "Jarls" missile

　 　 　 　　RS-24 "Jarls" intercontinental missile was developed on the basis of "Baiyang-M", with a range of 11,000 kilometers, and was rated as the strongest intercontinental missile by the Pentagon. "Jarls" missile has strong penetration ability, including multi-warhead technology and terminal maneuvering orbit change technology, which can greatly enhance the interception difficulty of potential opponents’ anti-missile systems.

　 　 　 　　③ sarmat intercontinental ballistic missile.

　 　 　 　　Sputnik’s article said that "Russian new intercontinental ballistic missile ‘ Sarmat ’ You can break through the defense system and raze Texas to the ground. " This new type of missile will be tested for the first time this summer. It will weigh at least 100 tons and can carry a load of 10 tons, while the current intercontinental ballistic missile weighs about 50-60 tons and the load is about 1-2 tons. Sarmat’s heavy weight and heavy load mean that it will carry up to 15 independently aimed sub-guided nuclear warheads, which may include mobile warheads that are more difficult to intercept.

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April 2, 2020, IT Orange (itjuzi521)

35 investment/acquisition /IPO queuing events were recorded.

Recently, the original cosmetics e-commerce brand Perfect Diary received a strategic investment of 100 million US dollars. The investors were Tiger Global Management Fund, Hopu Fund and Boyu Capital. The post-investment valuation is $2 billion.

PerfectDiary is an original cosmetics e-commerce brand, which is committed to providing high-quality fashion makeup products and beautiful solutions for a new generation of China women. The brand has entered Paris Fashion Week, Milan Fashion Week and Shanghai Fashion Week. At present, the sales of Tmall flagship store double eleven and double twelve are among the TOP10 in Tmall domestic cosmetics TOP1 and Little Red Book double 11 category.

Recently, JD.com announced the acquisition of Haiyi Technology, a financial technology company, to make efforts in the field of asset management, and to enrich its asset management technology system, JT’s ability to trade between banks and derivatives.

Haiyi Technology focuses on providing financial institution customers with portfolio analysis, capital asset management and risk management solutions based on fixed income and FICC business framework. The core team of the company comes from American financial technology enterprises and has many years of experience in providing services to American investment bank customers.

Relying on the talent advantages of universities such as the University of Science and Technology of China, the company has intensive cultivation in the field of fixed income and has unique business advantages and industry experience.

Domestic investment events

1. Jingfeng Medical completed tens of millions of A+ rounds of financing.

Jingfeng Medical is a company focusing on the research, development and promotion of a new generation of intelligent surgical system, expecting to promote the development of future surgery. At present, it has carried out close cooperation with first-class hospitals and surgeons at home and abroad to discuss and promote the development of future surgery. Recently, tens of millions of A+ rounds of financing were completed. This investment was jointly led by Lenovo Star and Poly Capital, and Sanzheng Health followed suit.

2. Oil drop second-hand parts get tens of millions of RMB angel round financing.

Oil Drop Second-hand Parts is committed to becoming the largest supplier of second-hand auto parts in China, building the most professional e-commerce platform for second-hand auto parts, and gradually establishing second-hand auto parts and parts remanufacturing and parts sales outlets throughout the country. Explore and practice the development of second-hand parts industry in China automobile aftermarket, save resources and energy for society, and make contributions to the development of circular economy and environmental protection. Recently, it was announced that it had received tens of millions of RMB angel round financing from Sequoia China Seed Fund. Asayue Capital is the exclusive financial advisor in this round of financing, which is mainly used for technology research and development, market expansion and team expansion.

3. Linong Group completed tens of millions of dollars in financing.

Linong Group is an agricultural operator, which integrates scientific research, planting, production and processing. It has 20 planting bases, concentrated in southern China such as Fujian and Guangdong, involving more than 100 categories. The company improves the quality and circulation efficiency of fresh products through the P2C mode of self-operated origin+rear warehouse (the origin directly reaches the shelves), and provides standardized supply chain services for head retail channels such as Yonghui, Pupu Supermarket, Wal-Mart, RT Mart and Yuanchu. Recently, it was announced that it had completed tens of millions of dollars of financing, and the investor was Heiner Asia Venture Capital Fund (SIG). The funds will continue to be used for the construction of hydroponic planting bases and post-production warehouses, and improve its business layout in the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta.

4. kaos completed 950 million yuan Series A financing.

Kaos is an industrial Internet platform development operator, whose main business covers industrial Internet platform operation, industrial intelligence research, intelligent control, intelligent equipment and automation. COSMOPlat Industrial Internet Platform, which is built and operated by Cosmoplat, is an industrial Internet ecological platform for intelligent manufacturing and next-generation information technology, and is the first to introduce users’ whole process participation experience. Recently, it was announced that it had completed the 950 million yuan Series A financing. This round of financing was led by the State Fund, followed by Chengding Fund, China Merchants Zhiyuan Capital, Investment Control Donghai, Tongchuang Weiye, Safran Investment Fund and Jifu Venture Capital.

5. Q hair house completed seed round financing.

Q hair salon is a domestic chain brand of quick haircut. Q hair salon does not provide services such as shampoo, hair dyeing and perm, but focuses on 10-minute quick haircut. At the same time, it has developed its own online system, so that consumers can make online appointments and experience offline without waiting in line. Recently, the seed round financing was completed, but the investor did not disclose it.

6. Meet to get seed round financing

Jianmianmian is a high-end Maotai-flavor liquor brand, which is mainly aimed at consumers who pursue drinking quality and health, and is committed to becoming the leading brand of high-end Maotai-flavor liquor in China. At present, product 1.0 has been successfully launched, and users and the market have responded well. We are making every effort to upgrade product 2.0. Recently, it was announced that it was invested by Wang Cen, the consumer king. It is reported that this round of financing will be mainly used for brand marketing and channel construction after completion.

7. Xiao Kan technology gets angel round financing

Xiaowan Technology is an optical system developer in XR field. Technically, the company focuses on the research and development and application of the next generation optical technology and space interaction technology. In terms of products, it strives to build the next generation intelligent terminal through core technologies, and has provided customized solutions for many categories of enterprises. Recently, I got angel round financing, which was personally invested by Gu Wei, the founder of the investment bar. Tang Jianhong, the founder of the company, revealed that this round of financing is mainly used for product iteration of optical systems.

8. Songzhu Property completed a strategic investment of RMB 4.26 million.

Songzhu Property is a property management service provider, mainly engaged in providing property management services, landscaping and so on. Recently, 4.26 million RMB equity transfer financing was completed with Pujiang China as the investor. The post-investment valuation is 8.69 million RMB, accounting for 49%.

9. Ping An Jincun acquired Shengshi Baicao as its controlling shareholder.

Shengshi Baicao is a manufacturer of Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese herbal pieces, focusing on the standardized cultivation of high-quality Chinese herbal medicines. It is a leading enterprise in the production and operation of Chinese herbal pieces, mainly engaged in more than 100 kinds of bulk Chinese herbal products and more than 300 kinds of Chinese herbal pieces, such as ginseng, licorice, Pinellia ternata, asarum and ephedra. At the same time, a traceability management system is established to ensure the whole process of quality. Ping An Jincun Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Ping An Jincun") announced the acquisition of Tianjin Shengshi Baicao Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Shengshi Baicao"), with a total transaction amount of RMB 1.2 billion. After the transaction is completed, Ping An Jincun will become the controlling shareholder of Shengshi Baicao, holding 80% of the shares. China Ping An Insurance Overseas (Holdings) Co., Ltd. and Tsumura, a joint-stock company, jointly assisted Ping An Tsumura to complete the transaction.

10. Wanbangde (002082.SZ) plans to acquire 49% equity of Wanbangde Medical for 530 million yuan.

Wanbangde Medical is a medical device research and development manufacturer, specializing in the development of high-end medical devices, medical equipment services and hospital engineering services. Its main products and services include orthopedic implants, medical equipment and hospital engineering services, and medical polymer products. Wanbangde (002082, Share Bar) (002082.SZ) announced that the company plans to use its own funds of 530 million yuan to acquire 49% equity of Wanbangde Medical Technology Co., Ltd. ("Wanbangde Medical" and "Target Company"). After the acquisition, Wanbangde Medical will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of the company.

11. Weilai Automobile withdrew from Beijing Zhongqi Zhiyuan to take over 100% equity of Pajiang Automobile.

Pajiang Auto is an auto parts and equipment company, and its business scope includes auto parts technology, technology development and technology transfer in the field of auto engine technology, and sales of auto parts and mechanical equipment. The company was acquired by Weilai Automobile in 2017. Recently Weilai Automobile transferred its equity to Beijing Zhongqi Zhiyuan Technology Co., Ltd., which holds 100% equity of Shanghai Pajiang Automobile.

12. Wright Optoelectronics received hundreds of millions of yuan in financing.

Wright Optoelectronics is a research and development manufacturer of photoelectric materials, specializing in the research, development, production and sales of OLED materials, liquid crystal materials, high-purity electronic chemicals and special chemicals. The main products include OLED materials and intermediates, liquid crystal monomers and intermediates, high-purity electronic chemicals and special chemicals, etc., which are applied to OLED/LCD industry, integrated circuit industry and solar photovoltaic industry. Recently, it has received hundreds of millions of RMB financing. The front-wheel financing of Wright Optoelectronics was led by Junlian Capital, and Jianfa Xinxing followed the investment. This round of financing, Jianfa Xinxing, as one of the main investors, continued to increase investment and supported the further rapid development of Wright’s photoelectric business.

Foreign investment events

1. Allset completed the series B financing of $8.25 million.

Allset is a food ordering service system provider, focusing on improving the dining experience, allowing consumers to locate, place orders and pay online before arriving at the restaurant. Recently, Series B financing of US$ 8.25 million was completed, with EBRD as the lead investor, and Andreessen Horowitz, Greycroft, SMRK VC Fund and Inovo Venture Partners followed suit.

2. Axonius received $58 million in Series C financing.

Axonius is an Israeli network security service provider, which can help enterprises to manage the increasing number of computers, mobile devices and Internet of Things devices through a simple platform, and let enterprises see that those devices are active in the network and control them. Recently, it received a $58 million Series C financing, which was led by Lightspeed Venture Partners. Old shareholders OpenView, BVP(Bessemer Venture Partners), YL Ventures, Vertex and WTI also participated in this round of financing. This round of financing will be used for continuous technology research and development and continuous expansion of business.

3. PlanRadar completed 30 million euros of Series A financing.

PlanRadar is an Austrian developer of digital tools for building construction, which provides online tools for document management and multi-party collaboration for all parties in building construction in the form of cloud SaaS. Its digital tools are available for download in Apple’s ios, Android and Windows operating systems in the form of an App. Recently, a round of financing of 30 million euros was completed, which was led by Insight Partners, followed by e.ventures and old shareholders Cavalry Ventures, Berliner Volksbank Ventures and aws Gründerfonds. This round of financing will be mainly used for strategic expansion on a global scale.

4. Public.com completed the $15 million Series B financing.

Public.com is a financial service provider, allowing its members to buy shares of any publicly listed American company or exchange traded fund (ETF) at a price of $5, without any commission. Recently, a $15 million Series B financing was completed. This round was jointly led by venture capital institutions Accel and Greycroft, and Dreamers VC followed suit.

5. BOKS completed 1.2 million euros angel round financing.

BOKS is a French intelligent express cabinet service provider, hoping that users can easily receive packages 24 hours a day, even if they are not at home, they can remotely verify and sign for them. The solution chosen by Boks is to install an intelligent courier box outside the user’s residence. The courier and the user can scan the delivery barcode of the package, or use Boks’ mobile App to have a video conversation, and conduct remote inspection and receipt. Recently, 1.2 million euros of angel round financing was completed. Investors include famous angel investors, real estate professionals and logistics industry veterans, such as Jonathan Benhamou, PeopleDoc co-founders Clément Buyse, Geoffroy Roux de Bézieux and former BAP founder Clément Alteresco.

6. Warehousing1 received millions of euros in seed round financing.

Warehousing1 is a German cloud warehousing and distribution network service provider. The company’s main business is to help users find logistics warehousing solutions and realize digital management through a cloud platform. Warehousing1 is more flexible and cost-effective in the way of warehouse leasing based on cloud platform. Recently, it has received millions of euros in seed round financing. Investors include HV Holtzbrinck Ventures, Base10 Partners, Discovery Ventures, Jan depend and Stefan Jeschonnek, founders of Zeitgold, and David Nothacker, Nicolaus Schefenacker and Julius Kóhler, founders of Sending.

7. DiMuto obtained strategic investment.

DiMuto is a Singapore agricultural supply chain platform. DiMuto uses blockchain, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence technologies to digitize the agricultural food supply chain to achieve data visibility and trade transparency. Their platform has opened up the entire supply chain from farms, factories, cold chains to distribution channels and end consumers, and can provide traceability records for each fruit. Recently, it was announced that it had received an investment from Latin Leap, a venture capital institution, the amount of which was not disclosed.

8. Enable received $13 million in Series A financing.

Enable is a cloud-based rebate management solution provider. Enable has developed a cloud-based "rebate management solution" to help retailers, brands and dealers manage rebate issues, making it easier for them to track, manage and optimize rebates. Recently, it has obtained a series A financing of $13 million, which is led by Menlo Ventures and followed by Sierra Ventures.

9. Cheeky P’s got angel round financing.

Cheeky P’s is a British vegetarian snack brand, positioning itself as a healthy and vegan snack brand. At present, its main product is a high-protein, high-fiber, vegan and gluten-free roasted chickpea. In the introduction of official website, the team emphasized that each package (50g package) of this product contains 10g protein and 7g fiber. At present, Cheeky P’s roasted chickpeas have three flavors: barbecue flavor, curry flavor and black pepper flavor. Recently, an angel round of financing was obtained, and the specific amount will not be disclosed for the time being. The lead investor is Spanish food group Dacsa, and some angel investors also participated in this investment.

10. StriVR completed the $30 million Series B financing.

StriVR is a start-up company focusing on VR sports training. It uses VR technology to provide athletes with complete training programs and is committed to promoting VR training to other fields, including enterprise training, customer service and HR. Recently, it was announced that it has completed the $30 million Series B financing led by Georgian Partners, Franklin Templeton and Prologis Ventures. In addition, original investors such as GreatPoint Ventures and Alumni Ventures Group also participated.

11. LIVEKINDLY Co received a strategic investment of $200 million.

Live Kindly Co. is a plant-based food developer, mainly focusing on plant-based chicken products, and Live Kindly Co. is laying out plant-based food on a global scale. Recently, it has obtained a strategic investment of 200 million US dollars, and the investors are BlueHorizon, etc.

12. Affinia Therapeutics completed $60 million Series A financing.

Affinia Therapeutics is an American gene therapy developer, which is committed to developing transgenic gene therapy for destructive diseases. The company’s proprietary AAV vector platform can help researchers systematically design new AAV vectors and gene therapy with significant targeting characteristics, which sets a new standard for gene therapy. Recently, it was announced that it had completed the Series A financing of $60 million to promote the development of its adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector and gene therapy platform, and to develop innovative therapies for muscle and central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Atlas Venture participated in this round of financing.

13. LG Chem completed a strategic investment of 480 million euros.

LG Chem is a comprehensive enterprise mainly engaged in chemical products in Korea. Its main products include ethylene, propylene, propane, n-pentane, ethanol, sodium hydroxide, mixed xylene, etc., which are mainly used for synthetic rubber. At the same time, its products include batteries, polarizers, LOED materials, etc., and its industry also involves the medical field. Recently, 480 million euros of debt financing was completed, and the investor was the European Investment Bank.

14. Superlogica received a strategic investment of $63.5 million.

Superlogica is a Brazilian payment management platform, which is dedicated to creating a management system for small service enterprises. The company provides a complete financial system for enterprises that use regular payment mode. Recently, it has obtained a strategic investment of 63.5 million US dollars, and the investor is Warburg Pincus.

15. Niantic, a Pokemon Go developer, acquired 6D.ai, an AR software company.

6D.ai is an AR cloud navigation service provider, which is committed to building a three-dimensional map of the world, and mainly creates a three-dimensional grid about the world through mobile device cameras and crowdsourcing. Niantic, the developer of Pokemon Go, acquired 6D.ai, which focuses on developing software that can share collaborative AR world maps, so that smartphone cameras can quickly detect the 3D layout of the surrounding space.

16. Dark Sky was acquired by apple

Dark Sky is a weather application. In addition to providing basic weather forecasting services, Dark Sky also provides notifications to warn you when it will rain or snow in your location. The company was recently acquired by Apple in order to enhance the Weather application.

17. With a financing of 200 million US dollars, "LIVEKINDLY Co" will transform from a vegetarian news website into a plant-based food company.

LIVEKINDLY is a Canadian vegetarian media platform, which has been producing media content around vegetarian life and plant-based products, focusing on the digital media platform of plant-based news. American company Foods United announced the acquisition of the vegetarian media platform LIVEKINDLY, and the group will be renamed as "LIVEKINDLY Co". The new company will focus on the development of plant-based food, and will mainly focus on plant-based chicken products at present.

18. L ‘Oré al has successively acquired two French perfume brands.

Azzaro is a French perfume brand. After Azzaro Purple launched its first bottle of fragrance in 1978, its sales volume has been at the forefront of the French perfume list. L ‘Oré al Group announced the completion of the acquisition of French perfume brands Mugler and Azzaro. L ‘Oré al Group announced on October 21, 2019 that it would buy these two brands from French cosmetics group Clarins.

19. L ‘Oré al has successively acquired two French perfume brands.

Mugler is a French perfume brand, which is committed to developing ladies’ perfume. The bottle design has always been a bigger highlight of Mugler perfume. L ‘Oré al Group announced the completion of the acquisition of French perfume brands Mugler and Azzaro. L ‘Oré al Group announced on October 21, 2019 that it would buy these two brands from French cosmetics group Clarins.

2.042 billion dollars! Palo Alto announced the acquisition of SD-WAN supplier CloudGenix.

CloudGenix is a company that develops network management software across data centers. Its products realize flexible control of network traffic by separating the control plane and data plane of network devices. Palo Alto Networks today announced the acquisition of SD-WAN supplier CloudGenix for US$ 420 million in cash. If the regulatory requirements are met, the transaction is expected to be completed in the fourth quarter.

IPO queuing

1. The market value of Chengdu Pilot’s subscription for the top grid today is 65,000 yuan.

Lead drug is an enterprise with independent invention patent of DNA coding compound library synthesis and screening technology, which is committed to clearing technical barriers for the discovery of lead compounds in the process of innovative drug research and development and promoting the research and development of original small molecule drugs. Today’s subscription, 40,680,000 shares are publicly issued, the subscription code is 787,222, the issue price is 20.52 yuan/share, the subscription limit for a single account is 6,500 shares, and the top subscription requires a market value of 65,000 yuan.

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　　[Original by Aika Car Vision Channel]

　　In 2002, in order to celebrate the 35th anniversary of AMG’s birth, an engine production line relying on manual assembly was quietly completed. AMG is proud to be called“One Man – The sacred aura of One Engine is also engraved on the engine of every AMG model together with the name of the engineer at this time. In 2017, AMG ushered in a 50-year-old wedding ceremony, and IWC, which adheres to the same craftsman spirit, arrived as scheduled. What is expected is, what kind of gift will this "sturdy" watch god bring this time?

　　IWC International Engineers Sports Timekeeping Watch "50th Anniversary of Mercedes-AMG" Special Edition

　　Editor’s comment:The Universal "50th Anniversary of Mercedes-AMG" special edition watch is not a stunning work that you will never forget, and even you will feel that such an elegant dial design is deja vu among other brands. However, if you rotate the dial, the anti-magnetic soft iron inner shell inspired by AMG carbon ceramic brake discs will release Mercedes’ pursuit of speed in full, and its functionality and cultural connotation will also reach the extreme under the interpretation of precision timekeeping in the world.

[Interpretation of car home’s New Technology] Speaking of Bosch, you are no strangers. This well-known enterprise from Germany has too many auras and countless fist products. But if I tell you, these guys have recently developed many strange technologies, such as intelligent drift, old drivers braking … You must doubt whether Bosch engineers are working seriously? Don’t worry about the evaluation, let’s follow our footsteps and come to the Bosch (Hulunbeier) Automobile Test Technology Center with a cold wind to find out.

zeroThe motor started too hard? DTCS: arranging

In order to better control the vehicle, Bosch developed ESP? in the era of internal combustion engine. Body electronic stability control system and TCS traction control system. To put it simply, the former can reduce the offset trajectory of the vehicle during sudden braking and improve the braking safety by quickly braking continuously and adjusting the braking force of four wheels; The latter is to control the output power of the engine to ensure that the vehicle will not be out of control because of excessive acceleration torque.

The unique torque output characteristics of the motor really shorten the speed-up time of 0-100km/h, which brings an acceleration experience that many high-performance engines can’t match. But it is precisely because of this feature that it is easy for tires to break through the adhesion with the ground, resulting in vehicle instability. To put it bluntly, it is-slipping at the beginning.

Due to the output characteristics of the engine, the increase of torque needs to wait for the increase of rotational speed, so the delay of 100ms is completely sufficient. Even if many high-performance vehicles step on the accelerator deeply in the initial stage, it is not easy to cause slippage with the help of TCS.

However, the torque output of the motor is explosive, and the speed can be increased to more than 10,000 rpm in an instant, which makes the traditional TCS seem a bit "late". Therefore, Bosch engineers try their best to shorten the trigger delay of TCS according to the characteristics of the motor. Thus, the distributed traction control system dTCS was born.

According to the official disclosure, it takes only 10ms from the wheel speed sensor sensing that the vehicle is slipping to the completion of the torque limiting operation. It’s like the "high-Ping warrior" in the team just now turned on a game accelerator, and naturally he can get a better game experience.

Not only that, this set of dTCS also supports OTA upgrade. As long as the model is equipped with Bosch’s IPB intelligent integrated braking system, in theory, new functions can be written through OTA. However, at present, the official has only opened this function to Han EV. As for when other models equipped with IPB can enjoy it, it still needs specific planning.

zeroKinetic energy recovery is also slipping? EDTC: I will do it.

Many electric vehicles will automatically activate the energy recovery function when the vehicle releases the accelerator pedal to convert the wasted kinetic energy into electric energy and store it again. Frankly speaking, it is the "single pedal mode" promoted by many car companies.

EDTC has the same effect as dTCS mentioned above, and it also integrates this software algorithm into MCU motor controller. However, it controls not the "acceleration torque" output by the motor, but the "deceleration torque" generated by kinetic energy recovery. By shortening the communication path, the delay of issuing instructions is reduced.

In fact, dTCS and eDTC have one thing in common, which is to transfer the algorithm originally designed in the braking system to the motor controller. We should know that electronic control is one of the three cores of new energy vehicles. Nowadays, the design of electronic control system of vehicles is often in the hands of car companies themselves. If you want to write a black box algorithm here, it must be a very close cooperative relationship. However, according to Bosch’s engineers, they have already landed projects, and it is estimated that before long, things that can save lives at these critical moments will be quietly arranged in our car.

zeroBaby mode: Say goodbye to the brakes.

Maslow first put forward the hierarchy of needs theory in a paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in 1943. Generally speaking, after meeting the security needs, human beings will begin to pursue higher-level needs. Such as socialization, respect and even self-realization. The same is true in the automobile field. After cars become more and more safe, the demand for comfort and entertainment begins to surface gradually.

Many consumers are prone to feel uncomfortable when riding a car, and one of the most important reasons is to brake and nod. At the moment when the vehicle is about to stop completely after deceleration, if the driver is not an old driver and doesn’t know to take a little throttle, then the last "trembling" will make the unsuspecting occupant lean forward and then be thrown back to his seat.

CST 2.0 relies on Bosch’s decoupled intelligent braking system, and both DPB and IPB can realize this function. Simply put, the model-based algorithm releases a certain braking pressure for the driver at the moment when the vehicle is about to stop. Even if the driver doesn’t loosen the oil, the vehicle can realize the effect of loosening the oil independently.

Then some friends may ask, won’t the braking distance be extended if the vehicle releases the braking pressure on its own initiative? What if it leads to a rear-end collision? We can think of problems, and engineers can certainly think of them. Therefore, this technology has considered several situations at the beginning of design.

● In case of emergency braking, whether the driver operates or the AEB system is triggered, CST 2.0 will not be activated when the deceleration of the vehicle reaches a certain threshold. The vehicle can be under the ideal braking force until the vehicle stops. After all, it’s almost hit, so don’t pay attention to comfort and discomfort. Safety comes first.

● If the vehicle triggers the ABS function for various reasons, CST 2.0 will not be activated. This tire is almost hard to grasp, so let’s forget about nodding. It’s reasonable.

● If the vehicle is driving on a ramp and the gradient exceeds the preset value, CST 2.0 will not be triggered for safety reasons. If you really want to learn from the old driver, you will be in trouble.

Technology alone is not enough. If you want to sell something, you have to rely on packaging. Bosch engineers have even named the function: according to different softness, this function can be switched between "baby mode", "commuting mode" and "customized mode" at will. According to my actual experience, I think the baby mode experience is the most comfortable, and I can hardly feel any brake nod. You just pedal and leave the rest to CST 2.0.

zeroIntelligent drift? Just get in the car?

What is the most important thing to do when you come to the ice and snow field? Of course, driving a car is a hearty drift show. However, it is very difficult for most drivers to control the vehicle stably in this state that is about to get out of control. The accelerator pedal is too small to break through the grip limit, and the floating fails; When the accelerator is stepped on, the vehicle oversteers and turns in circles. So, if there is such a technology that can help drivers control the power output of vehicles, will drift become very simple? Bosch calls this technology iDCS, which is the intelligent drift system of new energy vehicles.

The traditional car drift skills are actually very complicated. It requires the driver to break the grip balance of the rear wheel through the cooperation of the throttle and the steering wheel, resulting in "tail flick", and then adjust the angle of entering the corner in the reverse direction. It is also necessary to constantly correct the throttle opening and steering wheel angle to keep the vehicle in a state of insufficient grip. Even experienced drivers need to choose familiar vehicles and practice for a long time to ensure stable and controllable drift and perfect posture.

Even a driver like me, who is not good at drifting, can simply drift with the help of iDCS. As the trajectory of the vehicle is gradually straightened, the accelerator pedal is pressed again in the reverse direction while releasing the throttle, and the vehicle will adjust its attitude and drift in the reverse direction under the control of iDCS to complete a classic "pendulum" action.

"The cooperation of front and rear axle dual motors is not the difficulty of iDCS, even if there is only a rear axle single motor, this technology can be applied. Its complexity lies in the matching of different models. Because the chassis and suspension characteristics of different models are different, targeted adjustment and calibration can make it complete the drift action instead of Spin. "

This system does not need additional hardware support, in other words, "just have a wheel." It can not only be a good helper for drift introductory teaching, but also become a unique selling point of high-end new energy vehicles. It is understood that Bosch has even started a specific cooperation project with a new energy brand in China, but when we asked which OEM it was, the engineer said that it could not be disclosed for the time being.

zeroWrite it at the end

In fact, a day’s ice and snow experience is far more than the above contents, such as VDC 2.0 vehicle dynamic control system, off-axis torque distribution eDTD, and steer-by-wire system SBW, which are not easy to display in graphic form. We will share them with you in the form of video in the future.

I have to say, once the supplier starts to play dirty, there will be nothing wrong with the OEM. Now they not only have to develop various technologies about safety for their customers, but also have to constantly innovate and toss some interesting "tricks". Even the product name has been given, and it is really "rolled up". I hope that all major car companies will work harder and don’t let Bosch steal the limelight. I also hope that these practical and interesting functions can be introduced to the market as soon as possible, so that we can have a good experience on the commercially available models. (Photo/Text car home Yang Peng)

　　BEIJING, Beijing, December 14 (Lv Chunrong) Although the graduation season in 2016 is far away, there are still some graduates who are not in a hurry to find jobs, but choose to travel, stay at home with their parents and continue to wait for opportunities to start their own businesses. Nowadays, the phenomenon of "slow employment" of college graduates has become increasingly prominent, which has also attracted more social attention.

　　In this regard, Guo Sheng, CEO of Zhaopin, said in an interview with Zhongxin.com (WeChat WeChat official account: cns2012) that "slow employment" is not necessarily a bad thing. For some students, they can use this period of "slow employment" to increase their social experience and broaden their horizons. However, some experts oppose students’ "slow employment" and think that they should get employment as soon as possible and receive exercise.

　　Data map. China News Agency issued a photo of Libo

　　Phenomenon — —

　　It’s not that you can’t find a job, but the phenomenon of "slow employment" of graduates is outstanding.

　　"What are you suitable for after graduation?" Nowadays, such confusion exists in the hearts of many college students, and it also puzzles Jiang Li, who just left the campus this year.

　　Like many post-90s generation, Jiang Li has his own set of ideas on employment choice. Unable to find a satisfactory job and unwilling to find a job casually, he joined the "slow employment" group and chose to stay at home with his parents while slowly considering and planning his career.

　　At this time, as a senior member of the "slow employment" family, Liu Ying, a post-90 s girl, is internship in a public institution. Due to a well-off family, Liu Ying, who graduated for more than a year, had not been in a hurry to find a job before. Her main "job" was to review and take the civil service exam according to her parents’ wishes. However, due to repeated setbacks in recent civil service exams, she decided to find an internship first and then continue to take the civil service exam.

　　Although the situation is different, it is obvious that in recent years, like Jiang Li and Liu Ying, more and more graduates choose "slow employment".

　　According to media reports, by comparing the distribution ratio of unemployed people among college graduates from 2010 to 2014, MyCOS Research Institute, a third-party survey agency, found that in recent five years, the proportion of college students who are still unemployed after graduation for six months has gradually increased, and the phenomenon of "slow employment" has become more and more prominent. In addition, a big data report of graduation season released by an online platform in July this year showed that 52% of the post-95 generation chose to find a stable job, but the remaining 48% chose to avoid employment.

　　The picture shows a sea of job seekers at the job fair. China News Agency issued Fu Meibin photo

　　Reason — —

　　To escape from reality? Work is not ideal, rational search for development directionDominate the mainstream

　　"Slow employment" doesn’t mean no employment. So, what exactly do graduates choose "slow employment"? Some people believe that there are not only the influence of employment situation and employment structure, but also the change of employment concept of the younger generation.

　　Guo Sheng analyzed, "First, the real problem is that some students from universities and schools with poor qualifications failed to find good jobs, which led to his delay. Second, some people intend to study abroad, practice or try new things and develop hobbies. "

　　The 2015 Employment Report of College Students in China released last year conducted a survey on the graduates of 2014. The survey shows that the main reason for graduates to choose "slow employment" is "unable to find a satisfactory job", with 57.7% of respondents choosing; Secondly, the respondents hope to "rationally find the direction of development and are unwilling to be bound by specific work before finding the direction"; Once again, it is "preparing to start your own business". Reasons such as "going to the postgraduate entrance examination" and "wanting to be a freelancer" are also in the forefront.

　　Obviously, the phenomenon of "slow employment" is also closely related to the change of students’ employment concept at present. The salary problem is no longer the decisive factor for many college students to get employment. They are more concerned about their desire to be respected and whether their work is ideal or not.

　　A few days ago, a survey report released by Zhaopin showed that among the components of ideal employers for college students, the top six are: respect for employees, good income prospect, fair and just employment principle, perfect welfare treatment, attractive corporate culture and salary return matched with employees’ contributions. It is noteworthy that the element of "respecting employees" goes beyond "good income prospects".

　　Data map. China News Agency issued Zhang Runzhe photo

　　Viewpoint — —

　　The dispute between "fast" and "slow" employment: exercise ability or enrich experience first?

　　Nowadays, the phenomenon of "slow employment" has become increasingly prominent. Some experts have analyzed that under the background of difficult employment for college students, the phenomenon of "slow employment" in recent years reflects that many people’s concept of job selection is quietly changing, no longer adhering to the traditional mode of "graduation is work", but paying more attention to future planning and employment quality. However, the problem of "gnawing at the old" at home does exist.

　　So, is "slow employment" good or not? Previously, in response to this phenomenon, social disputes continued. Some opponents criticize that advocating "slow employment" is an excuse for young people who don’t work hard. According to the data released by the Ministry of Education earlier this month, the number of college graduates nationwide in 2017 is expected to reach 7.95 million, 300,000 more than that in 2016. In the face of fierce employment competition, if you hand in your resume slowly, you may miss the opportunity. If you advocate "slow employment" again, won’t you take people into the pit?

　　However, some supporters believe that "slow employment" has become a part of employment reality, and graduates should be given more choices from education authorities to universities, parents and employers.

　　"I object to ‘ Slow employment ’ This statement. " Zeng Xiangquan, director of China Employment Research Institute of Renmin University of China, said in an interview with Zhongxin. com that college students should "get jobs quickly" at present, and some post-90s students are lazy and have poor discipline. Only when they enter the workplace early will they know what they have learned and what they need as soon as possible.

　　Zeng Xiangquan pointed out that there is a problem that theory is divorced from practice in China’s education. Therefore, no matter whether graduates choose large enterprises or small enterprises, they can better understand the relevant requirements and knowledge and exercise their abilities by entering the workplace.

　　Guo Sheng thinks that, in fact, "slow employment" is not necessarily a bad thing. In China’s education system, college students have learned a lot, but in fact they lack internship links and travel experiences that can really open their eyes, including studying in foreign countries and other places. Therefore, some students who choose "slow employment" want to spend half a year or a year to increase their social experience and knowledge experience, which is actually a good thing.

　　Guo Sheng also pointed out, "Of course, there are also bad phenomena, such as graduates ‘ Needing the old ’ Or some people are unwilling to make more efforts because they have no financial burden. However, most of the students we see still want to get a job very much, or they want to work hard in their own direction, but they may want to know and see the world as much as possible before they get a job.

　　Data map. Photo by Yang Huafeng

　　Suggestions — —

　　Experts say that college students need professional guidance in employment.

　　However, whether it is "slow employment" or "fast employment", employment pressure is a problem that college students have to face.

　　In February this year, Minister Yin Weimin of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security introduced that the number of college graduates this year is 7.65 million, an increase of 160,000 over last year, and the number of secondary vocational school graduates and students who will not continue their studies after graduating from junior and senior high schools is about the same. "The employment groups of young people add up to about 15 million, and this pressure is also very great."

　　In response to this problem, the reporter noted that in recent years, government departments have issued many policies and opened up many channels to guide college students to find jobs and start businesses. For example, recently, the Ministry of Education issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Employment and Entrepreneurship of Graduates of National Colleges and Universities in 2017, in which some new employment measures were introduced to encourage universities to give priority to the transfer of scientific and technological achievements to small and micro enterprises founded by college students.

　　Some people think that in the "internet plus" era, the government’s policies on entrepreneurship and employment encouragement are well suited to the characteristics of the times, so the society should follow suit.

　　To this end, some experts suggest that an urgent task to solve the employment problem of college students is to establish a professional and professional level of employment guidance team, including school employment guidance personnel and labor market employment guidance personnel. (End)

editorial comment/note

When it comes to forensic experts, words such as "professional" and "meticulous" often appear in our minds.

Whether it is the "forensic doctor" who is often put on the screen or other "appraisers" who work hard behind the scenes, they all play an important role in judicial practice. These people use science and technology or expertise to identify and judge the specialized issues involved in litigation, and give the most objective appraisal opinions to bring fairness and justice to the people.

The Institute of Forensic Science and Technology of the Ministry of Justice is the "aircraft carrier" in the field of forensic expertise in China, where the most well-known and authoritative forensic and expert teams gather. In recent years, they have conducted judicial expertise on a large number of major, difficult, complex, sensitive and foreign-related cases, timely safeguarded national interests and citizens’ legitimate rights and interests, corrected a number of unjust, false and misjudged cases, and played an important role in resolving disputes and conflicts, maintaining social stability and ensuring judicial justice. On November 19th, the Ministry of Justice announced that the Institute of Forensic Science was officially renamed as the Institute of Forensic Science, and at the same time, the button of upgrading the whole forensic industry was pressed.

The reporter of "Legal Daily" used half a year to walk into the Institute of Forensic Medicine, face to face with the forensic doctors and experts here, and unveiled the mystery of this profession in the form of news documentary. Starting today, the Ministry of Justice’s WeChat WeChat official account launched the column of "Appraiser’s Narration" and published this series of reports.

Case review

In September 2009, a young woman in Hohhot was sent by the police to a women’s drug rehabilitation center for compulsory isolation and detoxification because of taking methamphetamine, and died 47 days later because of the rescue of ectopic pregnancy. According to the relevant biochemical indicators during the visit, it is inferred that under normal circumstances, the pregnancy time is about 30 days ago, that is, she is pregnant in the women’s drug rehabilitation center.

Drug rehabilitation centers, police, young women, pregnancy, sudden death … At that time, all kinds of speculations poured out, and family members suspected that she was raped and pregnant to death in drug rehabilitation centers, and the reeducation through labor bureau of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and drug rehabilitation centers were pushed to the forefront. With the consent of family members, on March 20, 2010, the relevant appraisal was entrusted to the Institute for Identification.

After careful operation during dissection, the appraiser finally found the embryo tissue with the size of soybean in the fallopian tube. After fully considering the difference between normal intrauterine pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy, it was preliminarily estimated that the embryo should be about 7 weeks, instead of 4-5 weeks calculated according to biochemical indicators. The appraiser also conducted a DNA test on the embryonic tissue, and the comparison confirmed that the biological father of the embryonic tissue was a social drug addict who had close contacts with young women.

The appraisal results restored the truth, calmed the storm of public opinion, and the reeducation-through-labor bureau and drug rehabilitation center resumed normal working order.

A leaky spoon uncovers the mystery of the death of drug-addicted girls

What the supervision and reform institutions fear most is the abnormal death of detainees. In September 2009, Xiaoyun (a pseudonym), a 19-year-old drug addict, died in a women’s drug rehabilitation center. A few days later, a post "Beautiful girl was raped and beaten to death in drug rehabilitation center" spread quickly on the Internet …

Zhang Jianhua, 41, is currently the deputy director of the Pathology Research Office of the Judicial Appraisal Institute of the Ministry of Justice, and an old forensic doctor with 17 years’ experience. When the reporter saw him, he was coming back from a business trip. Because of his rich experience and reputation, many difficult cases from all over the country will eventually find him here.

Zhang Jianhua told reporters that the biggest job feature of forensic pathologists in the Institute of Forensic Medicine is that they travel a lot, and they spend one third of their time on business trips every year; The second is the habit of "detail control". After receiving the case, they will always take pains to think and prepare all kinds of unexpected details.

Just like the "abnormal death case in drug addicts’ drug rehabilitation center", after receiving the case, the first thing Zhang Jianhua did was to buy the finest colander in the market, the colander used by ordinary people to filter soybean milk.

Why do autopsies use colander? The reporter was somewhat surprised.

"At that time, this case has formed a very serious social public opinion. Whether it is the leaders of the drug rehabilitation center and relevant competent departments, or the families of the deceased, there is an urgent need to find the truth. Our work can only succeed and not fail, so the preparations are particularly adequate." Zhang Jianhua said.

It is reported that after Xiaoyun’s death, the case-handling organ detected that her serum HCG (an indicator used to judge whether she was pregnant) index was high, which means Xiaoyun was pregnant. Then combined with other relevant evidence, the investigators preliminarily concluded that Xiaoyun’s death was caused by tubal rupture caused by ectopic pregnancy, which led to massive bleeding.

However, this preliminary conclusion makes the family even more excited: Xiaoyun is in a drug rehabilitation center and has no contact with men at all, so who made this beautiful girl pregnant? At that time, the family members pointed the finger at the only two or three male police officers in this drug rehabilitation center, and claimed 1.09 million yuan, and the public opinion was almost out of control …

"According to the numerical standard of HCG, Xiaoyun’s pregnancy is about 5 weeks, and her admission time is 47 days. According to this inference, the male policeman can’t escape suspicion. Therefore, the local political and legal organs are very anxious and want to find out the truth as soon as possible. " Zhang Jianhua said.

However, at that time, many appraisal institutions were unwilling to accept this case. Because of the great pressure of tubal rupture, the embryo is likely to be washed away. If the embryo cannot be found, it is impossible to accurately identify the length of pregnancy. In addition, the pressure of public opinion is so great that once it is not handled properly, the contradiction is likely to be transferred to the judicial expertise department.

Zhang Jianhua was well aware of the seriousness of the case, but he and two other colleagues formed an appraisal team to accept the case.

Although the cause of Xiao Yun’s death has been preliminarily inferred, what Zhang Jianhua and others need is an accurate conclusion, and they adopted the method of total dissection and exclusion.

Abdominal cavity, chest cavity, cranial cavity … Autopsy never misses a link, and after all other reasons, such as trauma, poisoning, drug abuse and disease, are excluded, the focus is locked on ectopic pregnancy.

"The’ leaky spoon’ is used in this link." Zhang Jianhua said, "At that time, we judged that the embryo was probably washed into the abdominal cavity, and there were four or five thousand milliliters of blood in the abdominal cavity, so we bought a colander to catch the embryo."

An embryo at the fifth week of pregnancy is only the size of a soybean. If it is washed to other parts of the body, it is like looking for a needle in a haystack. The "detail control" of pathological forensic doctors really deserves its reputation!

Fortunately, however, the embryo was found and the truth was close at hand.

Schematic diagram of embryonic development

"During this period, we also consulted and compared many literatures at home and abroad, and found that the HCG level of intrauterine pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy is very different. In the case of ectopic pregnancy, it is not accurate to use HCG level to infer gestational age, and there is also a lack of theoretical support. In order to accurately judge the gestational age and fix the time of conception, this hope is pinned on this small embryo. " Zhang Jianhua said.

According to the size and other characteristics of the embryo, the forensic doctor finally accurately judged that the actual gestational age of the embryo should be more than 7 weeks, and the pregnancy time should be before admission. At this point, the cause of death of drug addicts was found out, and the grievances of several male policemen were also cleared.

Then, who will be the man who got the drug addict pregnant before entering the hospital?

"This requires DNA identification." Zhang Jianhua said, "Many forensic doctors often put an embryo in formalin after taking it out. However, I don’t know that although formalin has antiseptic effect, it will also destroy some substances in the tissue itself and affect DNA testing. "

Fortunately, Zhang Jianhua left a hand after taking out the embryo, and processed the embryo by freezing preservation, without destroying the integrity of the embryo, and successfully extracted the DNA from the embryo.

At the suggestion of the forensic doctor, the public security organs collected blood samples from all the male friends who came into contact with the deceased before his death, started a DNA comparison investigation, and finally locked in a man …

"Acupuncture Case" in Shandong Province

There are twists and turns, and there is a case in the case. In fact, in Zhang Jianhua’s career, there are not a few cases that solve the fog and restore the truth by looking for a needle in a haystack.

At the end of the interview, Zhang Jianhua told the reporter about another similar case-the case of "acupuncture death" in Shandong. The case was similar to the case of "the death of a drug-addicted girl". At that time, the detainee of a detention center in Shandong died in a certain place, and there was no wound on his body, which was not like death. Many media voiced this and thought that Yu was killed by the detention center.

Looking for the cause of death can also be described as looking for a needle in a haystack, but Zhang Jianhua finally found a very small eye of a needle in the heart of the deceased’s body surface, and along the eye of a needle, found a small hole at the apex of the deceased’s heart, with a deep wound that reached the heart.

Zhang Jianhua’s discovery found the direction to solve the case. The investigators found out that Yu had hidden a needle while doing needlework at ordinary times, and then committed suicide by stabbing his heart.

"Behind every case, there are so many eyes staring at the truth. We can’t be careless. We can only be cautious, cautious and careful. This is not only a respect for the deceased, but also a responsibility for legal fairness and justice."

In a couple of days, Zhang Jianhua may be out of business again …

Source: Legal Daily-Legal Network

　　On the 13th, the reporter learned from the Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Science and Technology Bureau of Dengkou County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region that after three years of planting experiments, Atriplex quadriptera was successfully inoculated with "desert ginseng" cistanche deserticola in Wulanbuhe Desert, the eighth largest desert in China, with a planting benefit of about 6,000 yuan per mu and broad development prospects.

　　This is cistanche tetrawinged atriplex planted in Ulan Buh desert. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Yunping photo

　　Wulanbuhe Desert covers a total area of more than 15 million mu, of which 4.3 million mu on the eastern edge is located in Dengkou County, Bayannaoer City. Over the years, Dengkou County has cultivated Haloxylon ammodendron, a native tree species, to control Wulanbuhe desert, and later introduced technology to inoculate cistanche deserticola in the roots of Haloxylon ammodendron to develop sand industry.

　　According to Shi Xuefeng, deputy director of Dengkou Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Science and Technology Bureau, Atriplex quadriptera is a perennial semi-evergreen shrub, which can be used as forage grass and is the preferred plant in desert control. In Dengkou County, Atriplex quadriptera was planted in 2020, and its roots were inoculated with Cistanche deserticola, with a trial planting area of 11 mu. On May 11th this year, the staff of agriculture, animal husbandry, science and technology bureau of Dengkou County conducted a yield measurement, and determined that the yield of Cistanche deserticola was more than 300 kg per mu, which indicated that the variety was successfully planted in Wulanbu and desert.

　　This is cistanche tetrawinged atriplex planted in Ulan Buh desert. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Yunping photo

　　The reporter saw in the trial planting base of Atriplex quadriptera cistanche, that one plant of Atriplex quadriptera is green and ying ying, and rows of cistanche growing at its roots break through the ground, with more than 40 cistanche plants growing at most, and colorful cistanche flowers competing to open, becoming a beautiful landscape.

　　Wei Jun, the person in charge of the trial planting base of Cistanche quadriptera, told the reporter that Cistanche quadriptera has good taste, moderate yield and high content of effective components such as amino acids and vitamins. According to the estimate of 300 kilograms of fresh cistanche deserticola per mu of real estate and the market price of 20 yuan per kilogram, the output value of cistanche deserticola per mu can reach 6,000 yuan, with considerable ecological and economic benefits.

　　At present, the area of Haloxylon ammodendron plantation in Dengkou County is 500,000 mu, and the area of Cistanche deserticola inoculation is more than 140,000 mu. (Reporter Li Yunping)

　　On Monday (April 23rd), EST, after the sell-off of US technology stocks last Friday, US stocks collectively rebounded overnight, and the S&P and Nasdaq ended their six-day losing streak. The easing of the situation in the Middle East made risk aversion fall back, and investors turned to risky assets again. Correspondingly, gold and silver ushered in a sharp correction.

　　[US stock index]

　　With the obvious easing of the situation in the Middle East, the market risk appetite has rebounded. On the other hand, after the hawkish remarks of Fed officials "bombed" the market last week, investors gradually digested their remarks, and the core PCE price index favored by the Fed will not be released until Friday, and the market will be able to breathe.

　　In addition, this week is a heavy earnings week, and giants such as Tesla, Meta, Google and Microsoft will announce the latest earnings results, and the market hopes to welcome them with a positive attitude. Overall, nearly 180 S&P 500 stocks announced their results this week, corresponding to a market value of nearly 40%.

　　American debt

　　On April 22nd, the benchmark 10-year US bond yield closed at 4.62%, and the 2-year US bond yield, which is most sensitive to the Fed’s policy interest rate, closed at 4.97%.

　　[Hot American stocks]

　　Among the popular US stocks, Microsoft rose 0.46%, Apple rose 0.51%, NVIDIA rose 4.35%, Google A rose 1.42%, Amazon rose 1.49%, Meta rose 0.14%, TSMC rose 1.62%, AMD rose 1.36% and Intel rose 0.61%.

　　Among them, Tesla fell more than 3% again, and fell for seven consecutive days on the eve of the earnings report. Analysts generally said that they were not optimistic about Tesla’s latest performance after the close of trading today.

　　In addition, it is worth noting that UBS Group AG said in the latest strategy report that the upward momentum of American technology giants is disappearing, because the profit momentum once enjoyed by this sector is facing cooling down. UBS downgraded the industry ratings of Google, Apple, Amazon, Meta, Microsoft and NVIDIA from "high match" to "neutral".

　　[global index]

　　In European stock markets, the FTSE 100 index rose 1.62% to 8024 points. The French CAC40 index rose slightly by 0.22% to 8040 points. Germany DAX index rose slightly by 0.70% to 17,861 points. Among them, the British stock market closed at a record high. The analysis pointed out that the expectation of interest rate cuts in the UK is heating up, which weakens the performance of the pound, but also boosts the financial market including the British stock market.

　　In Asian stock markets, the Hang Seng Index rose 1.77% to 16,512 points. The index of state-owned enterprises rose 1.47% to 5831 points. The Nikkei 225 index rose% to 37,438.6 points.

　　[Overseas Market China Index]

　　Overnight, Hang Seng Technology Index futures rose 1.31%, Nasdaq China Jinlong Index rose 2.34%, and FTSE China A50 Index fell 0.09%.

　　[China Stock Exchange]

　　In terms of popular Chinese stocks, Tencent Holdings (Hong Kong stocks) rose by 5.46%, Alibaba by 2.33%, Pinduoduo by 9.38%, Netease by 1.47%, Baidu by 2.30%, Ctrip by 2.81%, LI by 5.57%, Weilai by 5.40% and Xpeng Motors by 0.79%.

　　[foreign exchange commodities]

　　The picture shows the real-time market as of press time.

　　The US dollar index continued to strengthen in the Asian and European markets, and then weakened during the US session due to the retreat of risk aversion, and finally closed down 0.004% to 106.12.

　　The price of gold hit its biggest one-day drop in the past two years, and COMEX gold finally closed down 2.72% to $2,327.43 per ounce; COMEX silver finally closed down 5.31% to $27.15 per ounce.

　　According to the analysis, with the easing of geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, the demand for hedging has decreased, and traders are concerned about the US PCE data to be released this week, the price of gold has declined. However, although the market expects the gold price to enter the consolidation period, UBS believes that any price correction is an opportunity for investors to increase their holdings of gold, and the persistence of geopolitical risks may provide support for the gold market in the long run.

　　As part of the premium brought by the Middle East conflict continued to fade from the market, WTI crude oil closed down 0.24% to $82.02/barrel; Brent crude oil closed down 0.16% to $87.15/barrel.

　　[Highlights]

　　Rieder, BlackRock investment officer, thinks the Fed has room to cut interest rates twice this year.

　　Rick Rieder of BlackRock believes that bond investors who have been tortured by rising yields this month may soon find some comfort from slowing inflation and the Federal Reserve. In an interview, the global fixed income chief investment officer of this asset management company predicted that the Fed is expected to cut interest rates twice this year as inflation slows down in the coming months.

　　JPMorgan Chase strategist: There may be room for further decline in the US stock market.

　　JPMorgan Chase strategists believe that the three-week losing streak of US stocks has not ended for many reasons, including rising bond yields, high oil prices and high stock market concentration. Marko Kolanovic, the bank’s chief market strategist, and others wrote in a report sent to customers on Monday that about 40% of American companies reported earnings this week by market value, and the price changes may depend on the earnings report, which may stabilize in the short term. "However, we think the selling will continue."

　　Self-developed end-side large model of Apple’s AI competition

　　On Monday, Mark Gurman, a well-known science journalist, broke the news that Apple is developing a large-scale language model (LLM) running on the device side, which will give priority to ensuring response speed and privacy protection. Gurman said that this model will become the basis of Apple’s future generative AI function, and it will run entirely on devices, not in the cloud.

　　Tesla’s marketing team, which was established only four months ago, was all laid off.

　　At the weekend, some media said that Tesla’s actual layoffs may exceed 20,000. Musk believes that the layoffs should reach 20%, instead of more than 10% reported by the media last week that he told the company’s employees.

　　UBS downgraded the "Big Six" of American technology stocks.

　　In the latest strategy report, UBS Group AG said that the upward momentum of American technology giants is disappearing, because the profit momentum once enjoyed by this sector is facing cooling down. UBS downgraded the industry ratings of six technology giants, namely Alphabet, Apple, Amazon, Meta, Microsoft and NVIDIA, from "high match" to "neutral".

　　Jonathan Golub, strategist at UBS, said that the profit kinetic energy turned to negative after the sharp increase in profits, and the downward adjustment was "an acknowledgement of the difficulties and cyclical power constraints faced by these stocks" rather than "a forecast based on the expansion of valuation or a suspicion of artificial intelligence".

　　Meta announced that it will open the VR operating system to external companies.

　　Meta announced on Monday that it will cooperate with Lenovo, Microsoft, Asus and other external hardware manufacturers to create a virtual reality headset using Meta Horizon operating system. This also enables the equipment of external manufacturers to run the same system as Quest 3 and Quest Pro.

　　Zuckerberg said that the company’s goal is to let the open mode define the next computing era together with the meta-universe, glasses and head-mounted devices. He also said that Meta will allow Steam and Microsoft’s Xbox cloud games to run on its operating system.

　

The picture shows the trial site.

　　guide reading

　　Who should the copyright of the picture "work" generated by artificial intelligence belong to? With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence technology, users only need to input some prompt words, and the AI model can produce corresponding words, pictures, codes and other content. So, is the content generated by AI protected by copyright law? How to define and divide the ownership of corresponding rights? Can people freely use the content generated by AI on the network? These copyright issues involving artificial intelligence urgently need a "statement" from the law. At the end of 2023, the Beijing Internet Court concluded the dispute over the right of signature and information network communication between Li and Liu’s works, made clear for the first time the attribute of using artificial intelligence to generate a picture "work", and put forward the view that whether the content generated by artificial intelligence constitutes a work needs to be judged on a case-by-case basis. The judgment of this case has made a pioneering exploration on the legal issues related to the products of artificial intelligence.

　　Pictures generated by artificial intelligence are used by others.

　　In August 2023, the plaintiff Li sued the court, claiming that on February 24, 2023, he used the open source software Stable Diffusion to generate a picture involved in the case by inputting hints, and published the picture on the platform of Little Red Book. After the plaintiff found that the defendant Liu used the pictures involved in an article in Baijiahao. The defendant not only did not get his own permission, but also cut off the signature watermark, which made the relevant users mistakenly think that the defendant was the author of the work, seriously infringing on his right of signature and information network dissemination. Therefore, the court is requested to order the defendant to publicly apologize at Baijia, eliminate the influence and compensate the economic loss of 5,000 yuan.

　　The defendant argued that the specific source of the pictures involved could not be provided, nor could the watermark of the pictures involved be explained, and it was uncertain whether the plaintiff enjoyed the rights of the pictures involved. The main content of the article published by the defendant is original poetry, not the pictures involved, and it has no commercial use and no intention of infringement.

　　The court found through trial that the process of generating the pictures involved was that the plaintiff downloaded the Stable Diffusion model, and then entered dozens of prompt words in the forward prompt words and the reverse prompt words respectively, and set the iteration steps, picture height, guide coefficient of prompt words and random seeds to generate the first picture; Under the condition that the above parameters are unchanged, the weight of one model is modified to generate a second picture; Under the condition that the above parameters are unchanged, the random seed is modified to generate a third picture; Under the condition that the above parameters remain unchanged, the content of positive prompt words is added to generate the fourth picture (that is, the picture involved).

　　Does the picture generated by artificial intelligence constitute a work?

　　According to the defense opinions of the defendant and the defendant and the facts ascertained, the Beijing Internet Court holds that the focus of the dispute and the difficulties in the trial are as follows: First, whether the pictures generated by artificial intelligence involved in the case constitute a work and what kind of work it constitutes; Second, whether the plaintiff enjoys the copyright of the pictures involved; Third, whether the accused behavior constitutes infringement and whether the defendant should bear legal responsibility.

　　First of all, from the appearance of the pictures involved, it is no different from the photos and paintings that people usually see. It obviously belongs to the art field and has certain forms of expression. The pictures involved were generated by the plaintiff using the generative artificial intelligence technology. From the time the plaintiff conceived the pictures involved to the time the pictures involved were finally selected, the plaintiff made some intellectual investments, such as designing the presentation mode of the characters, choosing the prompt words, arranging the order of the prompt words, setting relevant parameters, and choosing which picture meets the expectations. The pictures involved reflect the intellectual input of the plaintiff, so the pictures involved have the elements of "intellectual achievements".

　　Judging from the pictures involved, there are identifiable differences with previous works. Judging from the generation process of the pictures involved, the plaintiff designed the picture elements such as characters and their presentation methods through hints, and set the picture layout and composition through parameters, which reflected the plaintiff’s choice and arrangement. In addition, after the plaintiff obtained the first picture by inputting prompt words and setting relevant parameters, he continued to add prompt words and modify parameters, and constantly adjusted and corrected the picture involved. This adjustment and correction process reflected the plaintiff’s aesthetic choice and personality judgment. In the absence of evidence to the contrary, it can be concluded that the pictures involved were independently completed by the plaintiff, which reflects the plaintiff’s personalized expression, so the pictures involved have the elements of "originality".

　　The pictures involved are graphic plastic art works with aesthetic significance composed of lines and colors, which belong to art works and should be protected by copyright law.

　　Second, the plaintiff is the author of the pictures involved and enjoys the copyright of the pictures involved. As far as the ownership of the works involved is concerned, China’s copyright law stipulates that the author is limited to natural persons, legal persons or unincorporated organizations, so the artificial intelligence model itself cannot be the author stipulated by China’s copyright law. The plaintiff sets up the artificial intelligence model involved in the case according to the need, and finally selects the person involved in the case. The picture involved is directly generated based on the plaintiff’s intellectual input and reflects the plaintiff’s personalized expression, so the plaintiff is the author of the picture involved and enjoys the copyright of the picture involved.

　　Third, the defendant has infringed the rights enjoyed by the plaintiff and should bear the tort liability. In this case, the defendant, without permission, used the pictures involved in the case as illustrations and posted them in his Baijia account, so that the public could obtain the pictures involved in the case at the time and place selected by him, infringing on the plaintiff’s right to spread information on the network. In addition, the defendant removed the signature watermark from the pictures involved, which infringed the plaintiff’s signature right and should bear the tort liability.

　　To sum up, the Beijing Internet Court ruled in the first instance that the defendant apologized and compensated the plaintiff 500 yuan. In this regard, neither party has appealed, and the judgment has now taken effect.

　　■ referee analysis

　　Whether the content generated by artificial intelligence constitutes a work needs to be judged individually.

　　Beijing Internet Court Zhuge

　　In recent years, the academic discussion on the copyright of AI-generated content has never stopped, which provides a reference for the referee in this case.

　　In this case, the pictures involved were generated by the plaintiff using AI, and judged according to the constitutive requirements of the works in the copyright law. Because the pictures involved reflected the plaintiff’s original intellectual input, they were recognized as works, and the relevant copyrights belonged to the plaintiff. At the same time, the judgment of this case emphasizes that whether the content generated by artificial intelligence constitutes a work requires case-by-case judgment and cannot be generalized. The verdict of this case fully absorbed the academic discussion, which reflected "one inheritance" and "two considerations".

　　"One inheritance", that is, the judgment of this case, is the inheritance and development of the previous "Film Law Firm v. Baidu Copyright Case" in Beijing Internet Court. This case continues to adhere to the view that the copyright law only protects the creation of natural persons, while the artificial intelligence model does not have free will, is not the subject of law, and cannot be the "author" in China’s copyright law; This case continues to hold that under normal circumstances, the right to generate pictures by using AI belongs to the person who uses artificial intelligence software; In addition, the case continues to emphasize that according to the principle of good faith and the need to protect the public’s right to know, relevant subjects should clearly mark the artificial intelligence technology or model they use. Different from the previous case, except the artificial intelligence model involved in the case is more intelligent, the plaintiff in this case has more intellectual input, so it has the basis for further exploring the application of copyright law to protect it.

　　During the trial of the case, we repeatedly conducted "two considerations":

　　First, when the traditional theory encounters a brand-new application scenario, whether it should be adjusted and developed. We believe that only by adhering to the future-oriented judicial concept can we better encourage the application of new technologies and promote the development of new formats. The original copyright theory and practice presupposed art works as the main creative way, which was determined by the technical level of creative tools at that time. Since entering the era of artificial intelligence, human creative tools have undergone fundamental changes. People no longer need to draw lines and fill colors, but use AI to create, but this does not mean that human beings do not need to choose and arrange picture elements. By designing hints, different people will produce different results, which can reflect the original intellectual input of human beings. In this brand-new technical background, the traditional copyright theory and the reality of technical development have not matched, so it should be adjusted and developed to better meet the needs of rights protection and industrial development. Therefore, we can’t stick to the historical standards. Only by thinking about the future can we choose the path of the present.

　　Second, whether the identification of works is only based on legal judgment is also a question of value judgment. "Originality", as a rule to define the core elements of a work, is gradually established by the courts of various countries through the trial of individual cases. In this process, there are arguments in the theoretical circle and reference from judicial practice, and more importantly, it is based on the balance of interests, and comprehensively considers the types of works, creative space, industrial policies, public demand and other factors in the field, trying to make the best explanation. At the moment when China’s artificial intelligence industry is developing rapidly, how to serve and ensure the healthy and efficient development of the industry based on China’s specific reality and China’s value consensus is the question of the times that we must answer. In this context, based on the value measurement of the country, society, citizens and other dimensions, we believe that by recognizing the "work" attribute of pictures generated by artificial intelligence and the user’s "creator" identity, it is more conducive to encouraging users to use AI tools to create enthusiasm, thus realizing the inherent goal of "encouraging works to create" in the copyright law, promoting relevant subjects to identify the content generated by AI, thus promoting the implementation of regulatory laws and regulations, and protecting the public’s right to know, and strengthening people’s awareness.

　　■ Views of all parties

　　It is confirmed for the first time that AI generates the attribute of "Art Works"

Cui Guobin, Professor of Tsinghua University Law School

　　The judgment of this case has made a meaningful exploration of many copyright problems caused by generative AI, and put forward reasonable solutions. This is innovative on a global scale and has important reference value for future judicial practice and academic research.

　　First of all, the court confirmed the "art work" attribute of AI products. The court held that users use generative AI to output pictures, even if AI users do not directly draw lines and colors, they may still constitute intellectual achievements in the sense of copyright law and fall into the category of "works of art", regardless of the necessity of "other works". When the legislator did not create a new category for such works, the court included it in the scope of "art works", which was in line with public expectations.

　　Secondly, the court clearly judges whether the user has made an original contribution. The court stressed that "whether the use of artificial intelligence to generate pictures reflects the author’s personalized expression requires case judgment and cannot be generalized." "After the plaintiff obtained the first picture by inputting prompt words and setting relevant parameters, he continued to add prompt words, modify parameters, and constantly adjusted and corrected, and finally obtained the picture involved. This adjustment and correction process also reflected the plaintiff’s aesthetic choice and personality judgment." In this case, whether the user’s actual creative behavior leads to the AI ? ? output fully reflecting its personality is a matter of fact, and there is room for debate. However, the court’s thinking of analyzing legal issues is completely in line with the underlying logic of copyright law and public policy, leaving more flexible space for the development of new technologies. After selecting the first draft of the picture output by AI, users have a relatively specific idea of the work, and then modify it repeatedly on this basis. In theory, as long as there are enough rounds or details, users do have the possibility of making specific original contributions.

　　Under the background of the increasing integration of painting programming tools (such as Photoshop) and generative AI system, copyright law should encourage the public to use new creative tools to create more and better works of art, instead of discriminating against users of such tools, easily denying users’ original contributions and forcing users to stay away from such powerful creative tools. Therefore, I agree with the court’s judgment that "it is more conducive to the creation of works and the development of artificial intelligence technology to encourage more people to create with the latest tools by appropriate legal means", which is far more forward-looking than the general objection of denying the original contribution of users.

　　In addition, this judgment also deeply discusses the attribution of AI-assisted creative works. The court emphasized that the designer of AI system is only the producer of creative tools, and "there is neither the will to create the pictures involved nor the pre-set subsequent generation content". At the same time, the designer of the artificial intelligence model involved in the case gives up the right to claim the output content in the license provided by him. Therefore, the developer of AI system is not the author of the dispute picture. In the court’s view, "the plaintiff directly sets the artificial intelligence model involved in the case according to the needs, and finally selects the picture involved. The picture involved is directly generated based on the plaintiff’s intellectual input and reflects the plaintiff’s personalized expression, so the plaintiff is the author of the picture involved." This idea is worthy of recognition.

　　Finally, it is worth mentioning that the court’s application of the minimum amount of statutory compensation (500 yuan) should also be a balanced choice reflecting the judicial policy. Many people are worried that copyright law will protect the works created by users using AI, which will lead to the proliferation of infringement lawsuits related to AI works and harm the public interests of society. In order to avoid this negative consequence, the court should consider the particularity of AI creation when determining the standard of damages, and avoid over-compensation to users, thus stimulating too many lawsuits. In this case, it is a reasonable choice to choose the lower limit of legal compensation "according to the pictures involved and the circumstances of infringement use", which reflects this important judicial policy. Of course, this does not rule out that in future cases, users will use AI to create high-value works and get higher damages.

　　Very valuable pioneering exploration

Shen Fen, a big model manufacturer.

　　Through this case, Beijing Internet Court made a very valuable and pioneering exploration on the legal issues related to artificial intelligence products.

　　In the concept of recognition, it is confirmed that users can obtain the copyright of artificial intelligence products. In this case, the court found that natural persons can obtain the copyright of products by making substantial contributions in the process of using generative artificial intelligence. This has a positive effect on encouraging users to actively use artificial intelligence to create high-quality works.

　　Protecting the works that users have made substantial contributions in the process of product production plays an important and positive role in the use and promotion of generative artificial intelligence. In the process of ownership determination, it is equally important to consider and respect the contracts between the designers, providers and users of artificial intelligence models and services to help the market-oriented development of artificial intelligence industry and support the formation of various business models. It is of great significance for the development of China’s artificial intelligence industry and the improvement of the quality of cultural and artistic works to give reasonable protection to high-quality works created by generative artificial intelligence and help users, artificial intelligence developers and operators to realize closed-loop business.