Beijing, 27th September (Reporter Luo Shanshan) On 27th, the Ministry of Commerce issued "Several Policies and Measures to Support the Stable Development of Foreign Trade", and the State Council held a regular briefing on the State Council policy to introduce the situation of supporting the stable development of foreign trade.

　　"In the first eight months of this year, the import and export scale of China reached 27.3 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.1%. China’s foreign trade once again showed strong resilience and vitality." Wang Shouwen, the international trade negotiator and vice minister of the Ministry of Commerce, said that at the same time, the pressure of maintaining steady growth of imports and exports is increasing, and it is necessary to introduce a new round of policies to stabilize foreign trade, so as to help enterprises out.

　　Strengthen the ability of foreign trade performance and further explore the international market. The document proposes that all localities should strengthen the protection of epidemic prevention, energy use, employment and logistics to ensure the timely delivery of foreign trade orders; It is necessary to study and optimize the medium and long-term insurance underwriting conditions of export credit insurance; Accelerate the use of special funds for foreign trade and economic development; Support enterprises to participate in all kinds of overseas self-organized exhibitions, encourage qualified places to expand the scale of overseas self-organized exhibitions, continuously improve the effect of "participating in exhibitions on behalf of others", and further strengthen service guarantee for foreign trade enterprise personnel who go abroad to participate in exhibitions and negotiate business under the prevention and control of normalized epidemic situation; Expand the scope of exhibitors in the upcoming Autumn Fair, that is, the online exhibition of the 132nd Canton Fair, and extend the online exhibition time of the Canton Fair.

　　Stimulate the vitality of innovation and help stabilize foreign trade. The document proposes to add a number of market procurement trade mode pilots, a number of import trade promotion innovation demonstration zones, and a number of cross-border electronic commerce comprehensive experimental zones; Introduce policies and measures to further support the development of cross-border e-commerce overseas warehouses; Accelerate the introduction of tax policies to facilitate cross-border e-commerce export returns.

　　Strengthen support capacity and promote smooth trade. The document proposes to improve the efficiency of port collection and distribution and domestic transportation to ensure that import and export goods can be transferred quickly; Continue to clean up unreasonable charges at ports; Introduce the experience and practice of improving quality and increasing efficiency at ports; Strengthen the service guarantee of customs clearance facilitation for foreign trade enterprises, and realize specific measures such as fast-forward and fast-out of goods arriving in Hong Kong.

Xushuo

Asked about recent reading. After thinking about it, Professor Kondo Yicheng’s "Research on the Imperial Examination Society in China in Song Dynasty" was deeply impressed after reading it. A few years ago, this book was included in the "Ji Gu Series" by Japan Ji Gu Academy. Jigu Academy can be called "Zhonghua Bookstore" in Japan, and it is well-known in academic circles at home and abroad for publishing classical literature and academic works. This book is a collection of papers published by Kondo in the past 30 years, and it is the crystallization of research so far. Most of the papers included in this book have read the printed copies signed by Kondo at the beginning of publication. Therefore, I have a certain understanding of Mr. Kondo’s academic ideas and research results. The collected works provide a comprehensive view of Mr. Kondo’s academic characteristics and achievements.

In March 2017, 70-year-old Mr Kondo Ichiro will retire from Waseda University, where he has studied and worked for decades. As an old friend who has been in contact for more than 30 years, I would like to introduce this stone from other mountains to domestic academic circles, and take this opportunity to express my respect for Mr. Kondo Ichiro’s hard work in the field of China history research. The following is a review of "A Study of China’s Imperial Examination Society in Song Dynasty", a study of China history between Kondo and Japan, and Kondo and me.

In 2007, the author (left) and Kondo were in izakaya. (The picture in this article is provided by the author)

First, a review of "Research on the Imperial Examination Society in China in Song Dynasty"

"Research on the Imperial Examination Society in China in Song Dynasty" is a collection of papers, just like the usual habits of most Japanese scholars. However, when compiling this book, Kondo didn’t simply pile up according to the publishing sequence like the usual collection of papers, but spent his mind and made a delicate logical reconstruction. The outline of the book is translated as follows.

National system: imperial examination, school system and literati bureaucracy in Song Dynasty

Chapter one: Imperial College and imperial academy in the early Song Dynasty.

Chapter two: A short test of "Qingli New Deal"

Chapter three: Wang Anshi’s imperial examination reform.

Chapter four: Cai Jing’s imperial examination and school policy.

Chapter five: Wang Anshi’s evaluation in the early Southern Song Dynasty.

Chapter six: Three topics of "A Brief Record of the Eighteen Years in Shaoxing"

Regional chapter: the scholar society in qingyuan prefecture and other regions of Mingzhou in Song Dynasty.

Chapter one: Imperial Examination and Confucianism in Southern Song Dynasty.

Chapter two: Wang Anshi, the magistrate of Yinxian County, and Mingzhou Scholar Society.

The third chapter: the scholar society in Xing Wu, Huzhou in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty.

Chapter four: Interpretation of the epitaph written by Wang Anshi-region, contacts and party struggle.

Chapter five: the regional problems in Sichuan provincial examinations in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Chapter VI: Scholar-officials and society in Song Dynasty-Huang Gan’s world of ceremony and judgment.

Personal article: Su Dongpo, a scholar and bureaucrat

Chapter One: Su Dongpo’s Exam.

The second chapter: Zhang Fangping’s Tomb Table of Mr. Wen ‘an and On the Discrimination of Rape.

Chapter Three: Su Dongpo’s Crime —— A Case Study of Wutai Poetry

Chapter four: Su Dongpo’s Huangzhou Cold Food Poetry Volume and the scholar-officials in Song Dynasty.

Chapter Five: Understanding the Achievements of Su Shi in Hangzhou —— A Textual Research on the Bureaucratic Policy of Scholars in Song Dynasty

Chapter Six: A Textual Research on the Elegant Collection of Xiyuan —— The Birth of the Legend of Scholars in Song Dynasty.

The above is the main content of this book except the preface and conclusion. The three parts of the book are neatly composed of six articles. Although they are all micro-specific issues, we can deduce a macro understanding from them. According to the preface, the contents of the three parts are briefly summarized and comprehensively reviewed.

The first national system article, mainly around the establishment of the unique imperial examination system in the Song Dynasty, to investigate some related issues. The Song Dynasty, which grew up from the military domination system in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, has greatly reduced its territory compared with the Tang Dynasty, but it has not become the sixth generation after the Five Dynasties, and the reason why it can continue to dominate as a unified dynasty again should be that it has shifted to the civil administration system without much friction. In principle, civil servants who are indispensable in the civil administration system are selected and appointed from all over the country according to the imperial examination based on personal ability, not on their family status. Mr. Kondo believes that this is the main reason for maintaining the centripetal force of the dynasty. In addition, China’s modern imperial examinations were closely related to the school system. Therefore, especially the central and local public schools existed as a supplement to the imperial examinations, but there was almost no chance to realize their original educational functions. The formation of this state is due to the fact that in the process of establishing the imperial examination system in Song Dynasty, the imperial examination selected by bureaucrats and the schools cultivated by bureaucrats were combined into one. At that time, it was said that the goal was to unify the right to take scholars and the right to raise scholars, but the result of such actions was contrary to the original intention. The issue concerned by the national system is the imperial examination and school system, which are the main reasons for the formation of the imperial examination society.

The second regional chapter, it is about the study of the scholar class and regional society of the protagonist in the imperial examination society. Due to the wide geographical coverage, the investigation questions are more specific, so it is difficult to summarize them, and it is unnecessary to avoid the trouble and introduce them chapter by chapter.

The first chapter, "Imperial Examination and Confucianism in Southern Song Dynasty —— Taking qingyuan prefecture in Mingzhou as an Example", starts with qingyuan prefecture in Mingzhou, which is relatively rich in historical materials, and investigates the increase and decrease of the number of qualified scholars in different regions in different periods, and roughly divides them into three types. That is, from Gaozong dynasty to Duzong dynasty, there are three types: increasing type, decreasing type and maintaining a certain number. Qingyuan prefecture, Mingzhou, is a typical example of increasing type that reached its peak in the Lizong Dynasty. As a bird’s-eye view, which is related to the development of the East Asian sea world, this chapter examines Mingzhou, a newly developed region, and the formation process of its scholar society, due to the collapse of the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty and the influx of immigrants from the war in North China.

The second chapter, "Wang Anshi, the magistrate of Yinxian County, and Mingzhou Scholar Society", takes the starting point of the formation of Mingzhou Scholar Society in the Northern Song Dynasty as the object of discussion, and points out that the historical data of later generations have been used indiscriminately to demonstrate the grand occasion of Mingzhou Scholar Society. It is believed that the so-called "Mr.five statue of Qingli" in Mingzhou is a historical image fabricated in the second half of the Southern Song Dynasty, when Mingzhou Scholar Society was established and flourished, as a need to tell its own history and legend. Of course, this kind of regional historical image created by the regional scholar society is not just fiction. Although it is different from the form at that time, it also presents the relationship between historical understanding and historical facts.

The third chapter, Scholar Society in Xing Wu, Huzhou at the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, takes Huzhou, which is the opposite of Mingzhou, as an example to investigate the reasons for its decline. Taking Zhao Mengfu’s "Quehua Autumn Color Map" as a clue, this paper reviews the relationship between them. Zhao Mengfu, who ate Song Lu first and then became an official, kept in touch with, who had a thorough position of refusing to be an official. Different from Mingzhou, a newly developed place, Huzhou has been famous for its beautiful scenery since ancient times. A large number of famous families and scholars live or live here, seeking happiness in life from their love of traditional culture such as piano, chess, calligraphy and painting. For them, the official position is necessary, but it takes a long time to prepare for the exam, and there are still uncertain factors, so they expect to be an official in a reliable and relaxed way. In this chapter, it is inferred that the general atmosphere of scholar society is the gradual decrease of qualified people. The investigation showed another aspect of scholars in the imperial examination society in the Southern Song Dynasty.

The fourth chapter, Interpretation of Epitaphs Written by Wang Anshi-Region, Network and Party Struggle, is a quantitative investigation of 112 epitaphs and epitaphs collected by Wang Anshi in Linchuan Collection. In this chapter, the establishment of historical materials of stone carvings in Song Dynasty is brought into view, and the consciousness of regional belonging, interpersonal relationship and party consciousness of scholars in Northern Song Dynasty shown in Wang Anshi’s epitaph writing is investigated. The imperial examination society is the framework of Wang Anshi’s epitaph. It should have been an epitaph buried in the tomb to convey the achievements of ancestors to future generations forever. At that time, as a scholar-bureaucrat’s work, it was widely read by contemporary people. From this situation, we can also observe a side of the scholar society in Song Dynasty.

The fifth chapter, "Regional Issues in Sichuan Provincial Examinations in Southern Song Dynasty", discusses the existence of the imperial examination in a special environment and investigates the regional nature of the imperial examination society. Kondo believes that regionality is not only a problem of scholar society, but also related to the national form of the Southern Song Dynasty.

The sixth chapter, Scholar-officials and Society in Song Dynasty-Huang Gan’s Ritual World and Judgement World, as a case study of scholars, takes Huang Gan, Zhu Xi’s disciple and son-in-law, as an example. While tracing back to his career, he also discussed the establishment of Zhuzi’s social status, the concept and reality of scholar-officials. What is the relationship between Huang Gan’s appearance of scholars and the general direction of the times? And how did it affect the history of future generations? If we further focus on the cross-sectional structure of these scholars in the regional society in the mid-Southern Song Dynasty, and compare it with the society in the Northern Song Dynasty, is its structure a homogeneous thing that has existed on the extension line since the Northern Song Dynasty? Or is it regarded as a change in the mature form of the northern song society, although it is on the continuous line of the northern song dynasty? Or is it a social form with some new elements that only appeared in this period? Through the case of Huang Gan, a scholar, Mr. Kondo raised a series of important questions, all of which are important topics related to determining the historical nature of this era. This shows that the study of the imperial examination society in Song Dynasty is still a long way to go in Xiu Yuan.

The third personal article, all around the discussion of Su Shi, can be described as a unique Su Shi theory. Su Dongpo, one of the top eight poets in the Tang and Song Dynasties and a representative poet in the Song Dynasty, is not only a typical scholar, but also a scholar-bureaucrat who achieved a bachelor’s degree in Hanlin and a position as an official in the Ministry of Rites. As a bureaucrat, he himself did not expect that he would be involved in the whirlpool of party struggle between the old and new factions, and was regarded as the leader of one side, who continued to bump in the political waves for a lifetime and was exiled twice. Su Shi, who belongs to the top of the imperial examination society, played his talents in many aspects. His research is closely related to the scholar-bureaucrat society and culture. From the imperial examination to the achievement in Hangzhou, from Wutai poetry case to the theory of distinguishing traitors, from Huangzhou cold food poetry volume to Xiyuan elegant collection, it is centered on specific characters and has a wide range of radiation. Kondo also has his own conclusions about some controversial events. For example, the pseudograph of "On the Discrimination of Rape" said that Kondo thought it could not be established.

A Study of the Imperial Examination Society in China in Song Dynasty

After the publication of A Study on the Imperial Examination Society in China in Song Dynasty, there was an interesting discussion among scholars about the title of this book. Some people say that the word "China" in the title of the book is redundant, while others refute that it was intentionally added by Kondo. I haven’t confirmed this question with Kondo, but my opinion is that it is the latter, and it is Mr. Kondo’s intention. "China in Song Dynasty" refers not only to Chinese mainland in this era of Song Dynasty, but also to a coordinate determined in the long history Song China. Based on this coordinate, Kondo made a profile survey of China’s imperial examination society under the broad vision of general history.

It is not usually from the perspective of class division, but from the clue of the concept of distinction between ordinary and ordinary that runs through the history of China, Kondo examines the China society that has undergone tremendous changes from the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty. The ultimate goal is to clarify the system reproduction structure of the traditional dynasty for nearly a thousand years. For such a difficult and complicated subject, Kondo took the imperial examination as the key to the reproduction of the dynasty system, and focused on such specific issues as the formation and development of the imperial examination society and culture he was familiar with, thus avoiding vague discussions, and the process and situation of the reproduction of the dynasty system were clearly revealed through the Song Dynasty. This investigation provided a premise and laid a foundation for investigating the imperial examination society in China after the Song Dynasty.

Just like the "rebounding pipa" in Dunhuang murals, reverse thinking will often observe another unexpected scene, and such research will also draw novel conclusions. Traditionally, for the imperial examination, researchers pay more attention to to be no.1, who is "proud of the horseshoe disease in the spring breeze and sees all the flowers in Chang ‘an in one day", but seldom pay attention to those who are left behind. Kondo pointed out that the imperial examination is actually a system that produces a large number of laggards every time. Most candidates fail to achieve their ultimate goal all their lives. Most of the laggards have to accept their choices in the end, despite many dissatisfaction. In this way, the imperial examination society established a mechanism to convince the laggards. In this way, until the Qing dynasty, the imperial examination surpassed the alternation of dynasties and continued to play the role of reproduction of the traditional social system. Therefore, like a society that incorporates the traditional social system and reproduction system of the imperial examination, Kondo calls it the imperial examination society. Up to the early 20th century, when the imperial examination was abolished, the traditional social system was reproduced in this way.

History is a river, connecting the past and the present. Understanding the history of China is an indispensable prerequisite for understanding modern China. Although this simple conclusion seems to be well known, Kondo has made his own explanation. He pointed out that this is because Chinese kept ruminating on his own history to enrich himself and complete his self-formation. On the other hand, even in order to understand the history of China in the past, it is necessary to put this accumulation process of ancestral writing and rumination on the analysis board.

Kondo’s research field of vision, not only in China in Song Dynasty, but also in modern China, has become the object of attention and thinking. At the end of his book "A Study of the Imperial Examination Society in China in Song Dynasty", he turned around sharply, pulled his eyes back to modern times from Song Dynasty, and pointed his brush strokes at the familiar Lu Xun. He pointed out that Lu Xun, who was the highest peak of China civilization critics in the early 20th century, was born in Zhoujia, a scholar in Shaoxing in the late Qing Dynasty. At the same time, many people’s personalities were distorted and mentally abnormal because of the harsh competition in the imperial examination, which eventually led to the decline of their families as the grandfather of the Jinshi and the father of the examinee who was punished for fraud. Kong Yiji and Ah Q depicted by Lu Xun are the images of scholars and ordinary people in the history of China.

It’s like the Yellow River meandering back to the sea. Kondo cited Lu Xun as an example and did not digress. He pulled the pen back to the Song Dynasty, and through the case of Lu Xun, he communicated the connection between the imperial examination society in the Song Dynasty and modern times. He pointed out that if we want to trace its root, it should be the new relationship between civilians and soldiers that emerged in the 11th century. The imperial examination society is the root of Lu Xun’s problem consciousness. The ceremony is not enough for Shu Ren, and the punishment is not enough for the doctor, which has changed the original meaning. As an explicit expression of the vulgar society, it has survived until the end of the Qing Dynasty. The social structure of etiquette and law has been refined to the extreme, with multiple layers and uniformity, and order and chaos coexist.

"Kung Fu is beyond poetry". Through Kondo’s description of the specific content, the readers who are interested can really get a lot of methodological enlightenment.

Second, Professor Kondo Ichiro and Japanese Studies on China History.

Japanese studies on the history of Song Dynasty, or even the history of China, generally experienced a transformation from macro to micro in the 20th century in terms of academic style and research tendency. For example, from the overall observation of China’s history, such as Naito Hunan’s "Theory of Changes in Tang and Song Dynasties", to Miyazaki City, this theory has been enriched and developed, which can be regarded as a macroscopic investigation. However, including Miyazaki, there are also scholars such as Zhou Fujiji, Nakajima Min, Saburofu, and Meiyuan, who have begun to transform to the micro, focusing on the textual research and restoration of the system. Just as the "Theory of Reform in Tang and Song Dynasties" had a great influence on China historians at home and abroad, Japanese scholars’ research on institutional history in the 20th century also showed great skill and deserved deep respect. It is precisely because of this research that it laid a solid foundation for the later study of China history and created the premise of development.

Naito Hu’ nan

It is in this atmosphere that Kondo received such training and grew up. Therefore, Kondo has a solid foundation in the interpretation of historical materials, which makes him an outstanding scholar among his peers. The training of institutional history constitutes the research foundation of Kondo. Valuably, although Kondo inherited the research of institutional history, he did not stick to one family, but as an advantage, he got a long-term play in a macro perspective. Kondo can be said to be one of the representatives of the Japanese style of study in the study of China history. Macro-micro-macro, such pattern induction is not a simple cycle repetition. In my opinion, Naito’s "Theory of Change in Tang and Song Dynasties" put forward in Hunan era is basically an inference based on partial empirical evidence, so there will be a lot of arguments later. However, after the close and micro study of institutional history, the macro is a solid foundation. To be precise, this style should be called combining macro with micro.

Engels said that Dante was "the last poet in the Middle Ages and the first poet in the new era". I think this sentence can be used to describe Kondo in the research field of Japanese China history, where the style of study is changing. Now, most of the scholars who are active in Japanese academic circles are students of Kondo. Few of them focus on the study of institutional history. This is probably because they objectively lack strict training in the study of institutional history, and it is difficult to do it, because the generation of teachers who guide them has shown a tendency to get rid of the study of institutional history. This tendency is undoubtedly passed on to the next generation of scholars. Subjectively speaking, the new generation of scholars who have benefited from and enjoyed the research results of the institutional history of their predecessors are not satisfied with the research of chapters and sentences, and are eager for higher innovation.

Generally speaking, young people are easy to accept new things, accept new methods and get close to the new style of study. However, Kondo, who was born in 1946 after the war, has become one of the leading figures in the study of Japanese China history, which is really commendable. I think this has a great relationship with Kondo’s knowledge structure. Kondo’s English is rare among Japanese scholars of his generation. This enables him to directly pay attention to the latest trends in the study of China history in Europe and America, and to analyze and use its research results, so as to be inspired by academic methods.

In all fairness, Japanese scholars of China history do not attach great importance to the study of China history in Europe and America, and even show some contempt in the interpretation of historical materials. Therefore, there are several Chinese versions of The History of China in Cambridge today, and Japan, which attaches importance to information, has no Japanese version. Kondo is also one of the few Japanese scholars who attach importance to the study of China history in Europe and America. In the 1990s, he went to Cambridge University in England to study for one year. After careful induction, he wrote a long article on China Studies in Britain. This article was later translated into Chinese by me and introduced to the Chinese world.

Broad vision and meticulous institutional history training have formed the research characteristics of Kondo. This is to focus on the macro, start with the micro, and see the big from the small. Seemingly ordinary little people, small things, small objects, in Kondo’s place, have all been deeply thought, and not only the analysis is incisive, but also the little people, small things, small objects are placed in the big background, giving a big projection and causing great concern. Reading Kondo’s articles, although it is a small topic and a small textual research, can often get great inspiration.

No matter European and American scholars or Japanese scholars, studying the history of China has advantages that China scholars can’t match. That is, in their minds, there are European history, American history and Japanese history, which undoubtedly becomes a rare frame of reference when they study the history of China. As Mr. Xu Zhuoyun said, for China scholars, the history of China is everything; For foreign scholars, the history of China is only a part of world history. Looking at Chinese history from the perspective of world history, the breadth and perspective of natural observation are quite different from those based only on the history of China. Position and angle, method and vision are connected. The way of thinking is related to the knowledge structure formed by the accepted theory and training. Some people say that when studying China, foreign scholars are looking at China from the window, and they have a macro vision, but they are often slightly microscopic; China scholars are looking at China in the room, but they lack a macro sense of orientation. However, in my opinion, Japanese scholars who are deeply influenced by China culture are different. They have one foot in the door and one foot outside, and most scholars have both macro vision and micro observation.

As a Japanese scholar, Kondo not only has the ability to interpret historical materials, which is not inferior to that of China scholars, but also has a unique perspective, and also absorbs the theories and speculations of European and American scholars, which enables him to build a strategic position in academic research and link the past with the future. What this gives us is how important it is for China scholars to have a vision of world history. That is to say, researchers of China history should make a breakthrough in the field of space from the perspective and operation.

It seems to correspond to the fine division of contemporary science. In the field of China history research, the study of dating is just like the past, with different boundaries, so that we can keep out of the river and not cross the line. This is undoubtedly self-limiting, drawing the ground as a prison. Among Japanese scholars, although there is a general division of chronology in the scope of research, it is not very strict. Since the 1990s, scholars who have studied Tang Shi or the history of the Ming and Qing Dynasties have often been seen in the annual Song Dynasty History Research Conference that I often attend. Not only the researchers have the desire to draw inspiration from different fields, but also the organizers of the society have the efforts to confuse the territory. For example, the Song Dynasty History Research Association held annual meetings with the Sui and Tang Dynasties History Research Association and the Ming and Qing Dynasties History Research Association respectively. Break the territory of dating, and strive to surpass it in time. In expanding the study of time and space, most Japanese scholars will not set their own limits on literature and history. Many scholars who study Song Dynasty literature will also participate in the Song Dynasty History Research Association. It can be said that literature and history are not separated. Such a vision of time and space not only reflects the thirst for knowledge of most Japanese scholars, but also is the result of the guidance of research organizers.

Kondo, who is famous for his research on the history of the Song Dynasty, is accepted by most researchers because of his broad vision and lack of adherence to the past. Therefore, he not only served as the world speaker (equivalent to the president) of Japan’s Song Dynasty History Research Association for two consecutive years, but also served as the speaker of Japan’s Historical Science Agreement Association, equivalent to the president of China Historical Society.

Mr. Kondo Ichiro not only has a broad vision of time and space, but also keeps keen attention to the research frontier. Since the end of last century, the progress of electronic technology has brought revolutionary changes to the research environment. He pointed out at a symposium on institutional history research: "After entering the 21st century, the research environment has undergone tremendous changes. Especially with the electronization of ancient books in China, the historical materials that can be consulted have been dramatically expanded, which has greatly changed the concept of reference books. Twenty years ago, students put Sikuquanshu in their schoolbags instead of dictionaries, which no one had ever imagined. It has become common sense to find vocabulary use cases through electronic documents when encountering difficulties in reading meetings. Such an era has arrived. "

Indeed, in the face of the new research environment, it has lost its meaning to a great extent to advocate a clean head and poor classics and an enviable knowledge and memorization. The breakthrough in research needs to find a way in method and speculation. In this regard, Kondo wrote in a book review on the study of institutional history: "The system should not only be restored in a static plane, but should go deep into the context of historical development, explore the process and inevitability of the emergence of the system, and further study the actual function of the system in the society at that time" (book review of Mei Yuanyu’s Study on the Judicial System in the Song Dynasty, 2008). Moving from static recovery to dynamic research is not only a change in research methods, but also a revolution in epistemology.

At the above-mentioned symposium on institutional history research, Kondo also talked about the research trend of the younger generation of scholars: "Now, the research of the younger generation of researchers is entering a stage where they are not only relying on the existing literature and historical materials, but using the means of social history research, through field research methods such as social investigation or on-the-spot collection of historical materials, to build their own historical materials to carry out historical research." In this regard, I know that the younger generation of researchers mentioned by Kondo refers to his students. Kondo’s students have also taken my class, and I know how well they understand the historical materials under Kondo’s training among their peers. I am really glad that his students have shown a new research trend. I am glad because I am generally disappointed with the younger generation of researchers.

In terms of knowledge structure, whether China scholars or Japanese scholars, the younger generation seems to lack basic training, and their research scope is too narrow, and most of them only stick to their master’s or doctoral theses. In addition, due to lack of care, it even leads to the lack of common sense knowledge, which leads to the defect of knowledge structure. Therefore, after the early symposium on the study of institutional history, I went on to say in a seminar: "In the 21st century, with the progress of science and technology, the research environment has undergone revolutionary changes. In particular, the emergence of the electronic version changed the concept of reference books, leaving the knowledge and memorization to the computer, so we don’t have to work hard to read the poor classics, and the textual research of information is no longer knowledge. This new situation has raised a new topic for us. One is to call for the training of basic skills. The requirement of reading ability of ancient Chinese and the revival of traditional bibliography, edition and collation. The second is to call for new methods and new thinking. Computers can’t replace the human brain. Collingwood said that all history is a history of ideas. Thought is always the soul of history. History without thoughts is the’ Broken Morning News’ that Wang Anshi ridiculed. "

Under the guidance of Kondo, the research situation of his students has eliminated some disappointment for me. From generation to generation, in the near future, these cutting-edge researchers may become a new generation of leading figures representing Japanese China history research. I look forward to and thank Kondo for his contribution to education.

Third, the academic relationship and enlightenment: Professor Kondo and I.

Professor Kondo is an old friend of mine. We met at the Hangzhou International Symposium on Song History in 1985 and have been in contact for more than 30 years. At that meeting, perhaps our hair styles and looks were similar, and we were often mistaken by others. Later, when I arrived in Japan, this situation still happened from time to time. One vivid example is that in the 1990s, shortly after he went to Japan, he was invited by Kojima Yijun, who was still an assistant of Dongda East Literature Research Institute, to participate in the seminar on Zhuzi Genre Translation. One day, I went to the meeting and met Mr. Mizoguchi Yuzo, the host who had not met many times, on the campus of Dongda University. Mr. Mizoguchi, who knew that Mr. Kondo had gone to England to study, asked, "When did Mr. Kondo come back from England?" Smile at the words. As a kind of fate, Kondo and I are brothers to each other.

In the summer of 2014, the author and Kondo attended an academic conference in Jiangxi.

In Japan, for more than 30 years, we have participated in the Song History Research Association in oriental library, and engaged in such assignments as Annotations on the Election Records of Song History, Annotations on the Ruling and Opposition Classes, Annotations on the Compilation of Chicken Ribs, Annotations on the Criminal Law of Song Yao Hui, etc., and I also have the friendship of colleagues. After 30 years of obedience, the influence of academic acceptance is also subtle. In the past 30 years, apart from the specific textual research of people or things, my research has focused on two major themes. One is the study of imperial power, and the other is the study of reform theory in Song and Yuan Dynasties. The study of the two themes is all related to the study of Kondo. With regard to the study of imperial power, I think that the imperial power in China’s imperial era experienced two "supremacy" with the perfection of administrative system, that is, the supremacy of administrative power gradually turned to the supremacy of emperor’s authority. My research base is based on the Song Dynasty. The expansion of the imperial examination scale caused the scholar-bureaucrat politics, and the dictatorship of Zaifu, which dominated the scholar-bureaucrat politics, was one of the main factors that catalyzed the symbolization of imperial power. I really appreciate Kondo’s statement that the imperial examination is a bureaucratic reproduction device, which is also frequently used in his works. The "scholar-bureaucrat politics" clearly emphasized by Kondo earlier has become a key word in my research on imperial power. My integrated work of imperial power research, The Story of the Prime Minister and its revised edition, are subtitled "Power Field under Scholar-bureaucrat Politics".

For nearly ten years, I have been advocating the theory of change in Song and Yuan Dynasties. This topic, which seems to be influenced by European and American scholars, is rooted in the understanding of the "modern theory" advocated by Japanese scholars. From the perspective of the reform theory of Tang and Song Dynasties, I think the Northern Song Dynasty developed the factors of Tang Dynasty to the extreme. At the same time, the next round of reform is brewing in the Northern Song Dynasty. The change of Jingkang pushed the politics of Song Dynasty to the south of the Yangtze River, and China, whose political and economic center of gravity was dualistic, was unified in the south of the Yangtze River under a special background. While the imperial examination brought up a small number of high-ranking officials in to be no.1, it also brought up a large number of losers who lost their reputation in Sun Shan, and most scholars were unable to become officials. Even if he joined the government, he was stuck in the selection of posts and could not become a senior official under the condition of "more staff and fewer people". The flow of scholars is thus diversified, and the attraction formed by economic prosperity will absorb a large number of scholars into regional activities. The scholar-bureaucrat politics formed in the Northern Song Dynasty was permeated with the regional society. The gentry transformed from scholar-bureaucrat and scholar grew up in a specific region in the south of the Yangtze River, from the selection and worship of sages to the reconstruction of clans, public welfare and disaster relief, and the popularization of Taoism. Under the guidance of the gentry, it entered the Ming and Qing Dynasties and led the transformation of China society to modern times.

My macro-understanding has benefited from Kondo’s micro-research. Kondo’s research on Cai Jing’s imperial examination and school policy points out that Cai Jing abolished the imperial examination and adopted the "Three Shes" method, granting students in local schools such privileges as exemption from service according to the standards of official households. The number of students in the country surged due to the induction of interests, and it was finally estimated to reach more than 300,000. As a powerful stratum in the region, "scholars" who enjoy preferential treatment in punishment and so on are often mentioned in the judgments of Qingming Collection in the Southern Song Dynasty, which belong to the genealogy of local students who appeared under the policy of "Three Shes in the World" in Cai Jing. Most of them regard ensuring local power and status as the first priority, compared with entering the government. These people can be called the mother of the regional elite. Associated with the imperial examination, the opportunity for scholars to penetrate into local society was brought by the implementation of Cai Jing’s imperial examination and school policy.

These factors, which accumulated in the late Northern Song Dynasty, became the basis of social transformation in Song and Yuan Dynasties from the Southern Song Dynasty. And Kondo’s sentence "Imperial Examination is a system that produces laggards" inspired me to find a breakthrough point to explain the changes in Song and Yuan Dynasties. In addition, Kondo took qingyuan prefecture, Mingzhou as an example to study the imperial examination and Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the scholar society in Xing Wu, Huzhou at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, all of which showed the concrete images of scholars in the regional society. Starting from Huang Gan’s world of ceremony and judgment, it shows the changes of the social status of the scholar-officials in Song Dynasty. These works have inspired my research and become the path to guide future research.

Remaining words

Reading Kondo, in addition to Kondo’s own book "Research on the Imperial Examination Society in China in Song Dynasty", there are two other books published by Jigu Academy, which should be mentioned.

One is "Perspectives for China Traditional Society" edited by Kondo, which was published in 2015. This is a collection of essays compiled by the Japanese Song Dynasty History Research Association according to Kondo’s problem consciousness. The collection of essays contains five papers from Japanese and Taiwan Province scholars, and Kondo wrote a preface, summarizing the course of Japanese post-war China history research and expounding his own understanding. For example, in response to Sugiyama Masaaki’s view that the title of the Yuan Dynasty itself is based on the historical view of the China Dynasty, and he misunderstood the Dayuan Empire as the product of the Chinese Dynasty, Kondo retorted that Emperor Deyou of the Southern Song Dynasty had taken the destiny of heaven as the reason for abdication, and people under the Southern Song Dynasty also accepted the Mongolian government as the new Chinese Dynasty. The preface also reviews the academic dispute between Ryunosuke Zengyuan’s criticism of Netten and Tanegawa Daoxiong’s criticism of Ryonosuke Zengyuan. I have written a Japanese book review on this collection of essays, which was published in China Research Monthly in June, 2016.

The Book Shadow of the Perspective of China Traditional Society

The other is "Thinking Based on the History of Song Dynasty", which is a collection of commemorative essays compiled by Kondo students for Kondo, who is about to retire. It was published in 2016. There is no "Commemorative Essays" by Professor XXX as usual. I guess it must be because of Kondo’s modest insistence. The book is divided into three parts: the Northern Song Dynasty and East Asia; Southern Song Society and the Turn of Song and Yuan Dynasties; The prospect of "Song Dynasty". It contains the papers of 14 Kondo students from Japan, China and South Korea, and Kondo’s Three Supplements on the Study of Imperial Examination Society in China in Song Dynasty. In view of my years of friendship with Kondo, the students of Kondo invited me to write a postscript. As a postscript, I wrote a case of Kondo, which is more than 20 thousand words long, and attached it to the back of the book. It’s for the eternal friendship.

The Book Shadow of Thinking Based on the History of Song Dynasty

Life is short, decades of life, there are only a few things you can do. Every scholar is just a link in the academic chain and a drop in the long river of culture. However, without this link, the chain will break, without this drop, the long river will dry up. The meaning of a scholar’s life lies in connection. Connect the chains and merge into a long river. Pass on from generation to generation, cultural relay, "I will not regret it when my clothes are getting wider, and I will be haggard for Iraq", which is the mission of scholars.

Mr. Kondo is very old and will soon retire from Waseda University, where he has studied and worked for decades. However, in my opinion, there is no end to learning, scholars are always in active service, and the study has always been a position and will not retire. A solid foundation, broad vision, skillful skills and independent methods will surely make Mr. Kondo release more academic energy and make his academic career more brilliant in the future. Here, I also look forward to it.

Characteristic ecological origin, history and culture are the unique source of value of landmark agricultural products, and they are also important quality signs. Apple in Aksu, pear in Dangshan, mutton in Inner Mongolia and Lycium barbarum in Ningxia, which are well-known landmark agricultural products, have not only driven one farmer to become rich, but also become a development model for cultivating landmark agricultural products industrial belts with high public recognition. One of the cores of rural revitalization is industrial revitalization. The core of increasing farmers’ income is that agricultural products can be sold well and at high prices, and the development of landmark agricultural products can activate the development vitality of agriculture and rural areas around the country, drive the construction of industrial belt supply chain and promote rural revitalization and development.

On the eve of the Harvest Festival in 2022, JD.COM released the Report on the Upward Trend of Landmark Agricultural Products in 2018-2022 (hereinafter referred to as the Report), which combed the upward trend characteristics, category structure changes, market distribution and consumer portraits of landmark agricultural products in various provinces from 2018 to the first half of 2022. The Report found that:

* Landmark agricultural products are new growth points for agricultural products. In the past five years, the turnover of landmark agricultural products has increased by 36% annually, which is 4 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of agricultural products; The turnover of landmark fresh agricultural products increased by 41% annually, which was 7 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of fresh agricultural products.

* Landmark agricultural products such as Northeast Rice, Yunnan Pu ‘er and Xinjiang Fruit account for over 90% of the online turnover of agricultural products in this province, which has become a characteristic business card of the place of origin.

* The average annual growth rate of the turnover of landmark products such as pork, beef, mutton, poultry, eggs and vegetables is higher than that of ordinary agricultural products. The sales of landmark pork increased by 300% annually, and the turnover of papaya, litchi and fish increased by over 150%.

* Inner Mongolia mutton, Ningxia Tan mutton and Hainan litchi were the landmark agricultural products with the highest turnover in the first half of 2022.

* The number of landmark agricultural products continues to grow, with more brands in the west and east, among which Shandong, Sichuan and Hubei have the highest number of landmark agricultural products brands.

* Northeast China and East China have the highest growth rate of agricultural products’ upward turnover, and the average annual growth rate of agricultural products’ upward turnover in the past five years is 47%. In the past five years, the upward turnover of agricultural products in North China has increased by 44% annually, and the upward turnover of agricultural products in South China, Southwest China, Northwest China and Central China has all increased by more than 30% annually.

* Awareness of landmark agricultural products has increased. Xinjiang is the place of origin of agricultural products with the highest search volume, followed by Chongqing, Ningxia, Yunnan and Hunan.

* Guangdong, Beijing, Shandong, Sichuan, Hebei and other provinces have a higher consumption proportion of landmark agricultural products than general agricultural products, and have a higher consumption preference for landmark agricultural products.

At present, in the China market, there are few brands of agricultural products with real national influence. Therefore, landmarks play the role of brands to a great extent, helping consumers to choose safe and high-quality agricultural products. Landmark agricultural products are not only an indication of consumption upgrading, but also a clear path for agriculture to move towards high-quality and sustainable development.

Landmark agricultural products are the new growth point of agricultural products.

In recent years, consumers have paid more and more attention to the origin information when purchasing agricultural products, and well-known origin and varieties have become more and more popular. At present, the growth rate of upward consumption of landmark agricultural products is significantly higher than the overall growth rate of agricultural products. In the past five years, the consumption amount of landmark agricultural products has increased by 36% annually, which is 4 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of agricultural products; The consumption amount of landmark fresh agricultural products increased by 41% annually, which was 7 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of fresh agricultural products.

Yunnan Pu ‘er, Wuchang Rice, Ningxia Lycium barbarum and other landmark agricultural products have become a characteristic business card of the place of origin.

Many landmark agricultural products are highly recognized by consumers and become a characteristic business card of the place of origin. According to the data of Oteo Consulting, Heilongjiang rice accounts for 93% of the turnover of agricultural products in Heilongjiang, Xinjiang apples and pears account for 92% of the turnover of agricultural products in Xinjiang, Yunnan Pu ‘er tea accounts for 88% of the turnover of agricultural products in Yunnan, and Ningxia Lycium barbarum accounts for 84% of the turnover of agricultural products in Ningxia. Under the influence of the Internet, the market share is further concentrated in superior categories.

Sales of landmark agricultural products such as pork, beef, mutton, poultry, eggs, milk and vegetables increased rapidly.

In the past five years, the turnover of landmark products of seafood and aquatic products has increased by 81% annually, which obviously exceeds the consumption growth rate of general seafood and aquatic products. The average annual growth rate of turnover of landmark products such as pork, beef, mutton, poultry, eggs and vegetables is also higher than that of ordinary agricultural products, and landmark agricultural products have become a growth point of agricultural products.

Landmark pork sales increased by 300% annually, and the turnover of papaya, litchi and fish increased by over 150%.

From the perspective of sub-categories, the turnover of landmark pork products has increased by 313% annually in the past five years. Among the fruit categories, the turnover of papaya, litchi, coconut green, banana, jujube and blueberry increased by more than 100% annually. Among aquatic products, the turnover of fish and aquatic gift boxes increased by more than 100% annually.

Inner Mongolia mutton is the most attractive landmark agricultural product in 2022.

Inner Mongolia mutton, Ningxia Tan mutton and Hainan litchi were the landmark agricultural products with the highest turnover in the first half of 2022.

The number of landmark agricultural products continues to grow, and there are more brands in the west and east.

According to the data of OTO Consulting, there are nearly 2,700 regional public brands of agricultural products recognized by the Ministry of Agriculture. In the past three years, the number of online coverage of regional brands of agricultural products has continued to increase. In 2019, the number of regional brands was 1,157, and by 2021, the number of regional brands of agricultural products increased by 155 to 1,312. It can be seen that the online process of regional brands of agricultural products has accelerated.

Judging from the comparison of the number of regional brands of online agricultural products in the four major regions from 2019 to 2021, all regions have shown an increasing trend year by year. Among the four regions, the number of brands in the western region is the highest, reaching 526 in 2021, followed by the eastern region with 379 brands.

Shandong, Sichuan and Hubei have the highest number of landmark agricultural products brands.

According to the data of Oteo Consulting, in the first half of 2022, Shandong Province had the highest number of landmark agricultural products brands, followed by Sichuan, Hubei, Guangxi and Heilongjiang.

Yunnan landmark agricultural products accounted for the highest proportion of sales.

According to the data of Oteo Consulting, in 2021, the sales of landmark agricultural products produced in Yunnan accounted for 87% of the total sales of agricultural products in this province, which is the province with the strongest upward capacity of landmark agricultural products. The sales of landmark agricultural products produced in Heilongjiang, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Liaoning account for 60%, 58%, 48% and 32% of the total sales of agricultural products in this province respectively.

The upward turnover of landmark agricultural products in Northeast China and East China has the highest growth rate.

Generally speaking, among the agricultural products (including fresh food, grain and oil condiments) produced in various places, the upward turnover of agricultural products in Northeast China and East China has the highest growth rate, with an average annual growth rate of 47% in the past five years. In the past five years, the upward turnover of agricultural products in North China has increased by 44% annually, and the upward turnover of agricultural products in South China, Southwest China, Northwest China and Central China has all increased by more than 30% annually.

The turnover of fresh products in North China and East China has increased the fastest in the past five years, with the growth rate exceeding 50%. The turnover of cereals, oils and condiments in Northeast and South China has increased rapidly in recent five years, with an average annual growth rate of 52% and 47%.

The awareness of landmark agricultural products has increased, and Xinjiang is the origin of agricultural products with the highest search volume.

Consumers’ awareness of landmark agricultural products has been further improved. Among them, Xinjiang is the origin of agricultural products with the highest search volume, followed by Chongqing, Ningxia, Yunnan and Hunan; Consumers in Guangdong, Beijing and other places love to search for landmark agricultural products, and they have a higher recognition of the origin mark. The number of searches in Jiangsu, Yunnan and Henan increased the most, and the awareness of landmark agricultural products on the consumer side increased significantly.

Consumers in Guangdong, Beijing and Shandong prefer to buy landmark agricultural products.

Guangdong, Beijing, Shandong, Sichuan, Hebei and other provinces have higher consumption proportion of landmark agricultural products than general agricultural products, and have higher consumption preference for landmark agricultural products.

From the growth trend, the consumption growth of consumers in Qinghai, Shaanxi, Guangxi and other provinces is higher than that of ordinary agricultural products, and the sales growth momentum of landmark agricultural products in these provinces is stronger.　

Today is a compact car. Let’s take a good look at it.

Let’s look at the appearance of Xuanyi first. The design of Xuanyi’s front face follows the avant-garde personality line, and with the inverted trapezoidal grille, it looks sporty. Coupled with the stylish headlights, it adds a touch of exquisiteness. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, etc. Coming to the side of the car, the size of the car body is 4631 mm * 1760 mm * 1503 mm. The car adopts domineering lines, giving people a very clean feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it looks full of sports. In the rear part, the rear looks more fashionable and dynamic, the taillights look very domineering, and the layout of the exhaust pipe uses a hidden shape, and the overall shape is still very attractive.

When you come to the Sylphy car, the interior design of Sylphy looks calm and easy to impress the hearts of young consumers. The car’s steering wheel is very individual in shape, equipped with functions such as manual adjustment of the steering wheel up and down, and its practicality and face value are not bad. Take a look at the central control, with an 8-inch central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered and looks very stable. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats again. The car is equipped with a tough dashboard, and the information can be read easily and clearly. The car adopts imitation leather seats, and the seat wrapping is in place, and the overall comfort and wrapping are not bad.

Sylphy is matched with CVT gearbox, with a maximum power of 90KW and a maximum torque of 155N.m, with good power performance.

The car is equipped with traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), Bluetooth /WIFI connection, voice control, intelligent key, sun visor mirror and other configurations, which are rich in functions and greatly enhance its convenience.

Do you have the urge to buy a car after reading the whole article? Let me make a summary. This class of cars can often give consideration to both cost performance and practicality, and is often considered by most consumers as the first choice when buying a car.

Source: Oriental IC

Electrification has given cars more imagination.

"The future car will be transformed from a mechanical and electrical product driven by one person into a digital product driven by artificial intelligence." According to Cang Xuejun, general manager of Shangyan Zhilian Intelligent Travel Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., with the electrification of automobiles, the system will become the main body of automobile driving.

In the classification formulated by the state, smart cars are clearly divided into five levels. Among them, L3 and L4 are often regarded as two divisions of autonomous driving technology.

The biggest difference between vehicles above L4 level and L3 level is that vehicles above L4 level have multiple redundant minimum risk operation strategies, and can automatically slow down or stop in case of distress without relying on manual takeover. That is to say, L3 or L4 determines the different driving subjects. Compared with the illusory L5, the L4-level autopilot technology is more realizable.

In fact, L4-class self-driving cars are moving from algorithm stage to mass production.

At the just-past 2022 World Artificial Intelligence Conference (WAIC), the discussion of L4 smart cars by industry people became more and more heated. When will L4-class self-driving cars become frequent visitors on the road? What is the safety of self-driving cars? At the level of laws and regulations, how should we legislate for L4-class self-driving cars?

Class 01 L4 autopilot will detonate in five years.

After mobile phone manufacturers entered the automobile industry one after another, the fully automatic driving of car-machine interconnection has become the ultimate dream of many car companies.

Li Xuan, vice president of Guangzhou Wen Yuan Zhixing Technology Co., Ltd., predicted that by 2030, global autonomous driving will develop into a huge market of trillion dollars and 10 trillion RMB. In the global self-driving market of 1.7 trillion US dollars, the China market will reach 640 billion US dollars, accounting for 37.65% of the global total.

If the market is subdivided according to the level of autonomous driving, 88% of the market will be created by L4-level autonomous driving, and the market of L2+ and L3 will only occupy 12%. If divided by scene, more than half of the market will be composed of self-driving freight including trunk transportation and freight in the same city, reaching 54%. For the rest, self-driving taxis account for 31% and self-driving buses account for 15%.

Such speculation is not groundless. As far as Wen Yuan Zhixing is concerned, they have both pure unmanned test licenses in China and the United States, and its tobotaxi has been operating for more than 1,000 days.

According to the official data released by Shanghai in 2021, a total of 615 test roads with a length of 1289.83km were opened in Shanghai, with 12,000 testable scenarios. Up to now, Shanghai has issued 458 road test and demonstration application qualifications to 26 enterprises, ranking first in the country.

On the eve of 2022WAIC, on the morning of August 31st, Jinqiao Intelligent Networked Automobile Test Demonstration Zone in Pudong New Area of Shanghai was launched. The demonstration area covers the first self-driving open test road in the central city in China, and it is the open test road with the highest risk level in Shanghai at present (overall rated as level 3, the highest level 4).

Source: Jinqiao released

Nationwide, L4-class self-driving cars take the lead in charging operation in Beijing, Wuhan, Chongqing and other places, and L4-class self-driving cars are threatening.

"From my personal point of view, the combination of the two may bring the tipping point of autonomous driving within five years." Chen Zhihua, vice president of collaborative business of Shangtang Technology Vehicle Road, believes that the detonation of L4 self-driving cars may come faster than expected. In his view, when to detonate depends on two conditions: first, cars with L2+ or above self-driving have reached the market volume of 100 million; Second, the mileage of vehicle-road coordination has reached a large scale.

Drivers with more than 99% smart car driving skills recognize the blue bus as the sky.

With the occurrence of smart car accidents, the safety of autonomous driving has also become the focus of public opinion. On the one hand, it is the response of car companies that "accidents have nothing to do with cars", and on the other hand, consumers question the safety of autonomous driving technology. If you want to occupy the mainstream of the market, one question that autonomous driving must face directly is, can the autonomous driving system really be as safe as a human driver?

Although some manufacturers said that in the simulation test platform, the driving ability of the system has been able to surpass human drivers. However, in the view of Cao Yingjie, a security research expert of 360 Digital Security Technology Group Co., Ltd., the performance in the simulation state does not guarantee that the system is safe enough in the real scene.

"Smart cars may surpass 99% drivers in driving skills, but they can’t be very accurate when identifying some common-sense objects." He explained, "because human beings have rich life experience, but cars only have driving experience and no life experience."

A typical example is that there was an accident in the United States in which Tesla chased a bus after driving automatically. The reason is that the system can’t distinguish the blue bus from the sky, and it is "mistaken" for the blue sky, which leads to the accident.

Such examples happen from time to time because there are still shortcomings in the current autonomous driving technology. In the path of autonomous driving technology, machine vision and lidar are the two most commonly used technical solutions for bicycle intelligence. The camera and radar waves loaded on the car body are equivalent to the eyes of the car, so that the car can "see", and the built-in algorithm model is responsible for thinking.

But whether it is a camera or a radar, it is easy to be deceived. With a little interference, the camera can recognize a panda as a monkey. Objects with rugged surfaces may make radar waves go back and forth, resulting in the system not recognizing them. Cao Yingjie said: "The clothes we wear are wrinkled or have the function of absorbing radar waves, which may make people’ invisible’ in radar."

Source: Oriental IC

To make the system have a life experience comparable to that of human beings, it not only needs a rich enough training set, but also relies on highly integrated computing power support. At present, it is still difficult to achieve.

In order to avoid the possible security risks of a single technology, in recent years, autonomous driving manufacturers have been adding to the system security.

Machine vision and lidar overlap is the most common one. The intelligent heavy truck of Donghai Bridge is equipped with three sets of positioning systems: a visual positioning system, a laser positioning system and a satellite positioning system. "When any system in the car fails, the other two systems can ensure that our car can drive safely to the finish line." Zhang Xianhong, deputy general manager of Youdao Zhitu Intelligent Driving Center, said that the reuse of the two technologies and the improvement of the superposition algorithm can help heavy trucks identify 2 cm objects within 200 meters.

Another solution is to change the technical route, such as the popular V2X technology in recent two years. Compared with cameras and radars, V2X can achieve accurate positioning through the interconnection between cars and roads, cars and communication equipment, and make up for the shortcomings of insufficient perception, long tail challenge, high cost and difficult collaborative optimization in bicycle smart technology.

However, Bi Haizhou, director and executive deputy general manager of Datang Gaohong Zhilian Technology (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. also pointed out that in V2X technology, the industry is still facing the problem of improving road test coverage and vehicle end penetration.

Is the car in charge or the person in charge? Shanghai speeds up legislation on driverless driving.

With the market, crossing the security barrier, self-driving cars, especially L4-class driving cars, must be paved with laws and regulations. With the continuous progress of autonomous driving technology, the legislation of global autonomous driving is also advancing.

Germany is the first country in the world to allow L4-class self-driving cars to go on the road normally. In May 2021, the German Bundestag passed legislation to allow self-driving vehicles to drive on public roads. In May this year, Germany passed the Regulations on Autopilot Driving and Operation Management, which further improved the legal framework of autopilot.

China’s relevant legislation is also in progress. In July this year, Shenzhen took the lead in passing the local regulation "Regulations on the Management of Intelligent Networked Vehicles in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone", which regulates the identification of accident liability for L4 and above intelligent driving vehicles. The regulation was officially implemented on August 1 this year.

Relevant legislation in Pudong New Area of Shanghai is also on the way.

Shi Xiaolei, deputy director of the System Department of Shanghai Lingang New Area Management Committee, revealed some considerations in the formulation of Pudong local regulations. Pudong’s laws and regulations will cover both unmanned intelligent networked cars and unmanned equipment, and make breakthroughs in on-road test operation to solve the problems of on-road and market-oriented operation of driverless cars that enterprises are generally concerned about.

"From the perspective of risk prevention and control, there is still a lack of a series of systematic system design for unmanned intelligent networked vehicles." Shi Xiaolei said that in the future, Pudong will make breakthroughs in the fields of fault response, accident response, handling of traffic violations, emergency takeover, and suspension or termination of innovative applications.

In addition, Wu Junxian, deputy general manager of Shanghai Manufacturing Innovation Center (Intelligent Networked Car), pointed out that relevant departments also need to launch corresponding evaluation mechanisms for the existing assisted driving functions on the market. "After accidents like Tesla and Tucki, the public often throws a sharp question, that is, when an accident occurs, is the machine making a mistake or the human being making a mistake?" Wu Junxian said that if we need to define this issue, we need a credible institution to intervene and analyze and evaluate the relevant data.

Author/IT Times reporter Fan Xinru

Editor/Kicked Sister

Typesetting/Ji Jiaying

Photo/Jinqiao Releases Oriental IC

Source/IT Times WeChat official account vittimes

Recently, some netizens posted a Changan Mazda EZ-6 purchase invoice. According to the invoice, the purchased model is an EZ-6 pure electric BEV model, priced at 221,800 yuan. This news quickly ignited the market’s enthusiasm for this new model. Many people believe that the EZ-6, as Changan Mazda’s first new energy product and the only model in the joint venture B-class sedan market to provide extended range power, this price is very likely to be true and has a huge impact on the market.

The authenticity of the invoice has caused a heated discussion on the Internet. According to the pictures released, the invoice for this car purchase was issued on August 16, which is more than a month earlier than the pre-sale time. Generally speaking, when a new car is launched, there will be a complete time advancement process within the car company. Especially for a joint venture car company like Changan Mazda, it requires joint decision-making between China and Japan. Therefore, it is not surprising that the price is agreed 2 months in advance. Judging from the information of the billing party and the invoice seal of Changan Mazda Automobile Co., Ltd., the invoice is unlikely to be fake, and it is very likely that it was internally leaked. Therefore, the credibility of this invoice is very high, and the price shown is very likely to be the real price of the EZ-6.

In fact, since the debut of the EZ-6 at the 2024 Beijing Auto Show, this car has quickly become the hottest sedan in the joint venture new energy field. Its high attention is not only due to its trendy and avant-garde design, but also because it is the only model in the joint venture B-class sedan market that offers extended range power options, making up for the gap in the joint venture new energy field.

In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the EZ-6 are 4921/1890/1485mm respectively, and the wheelbase is 2895mm. With frameless doors and hatchback design, although the shape is modern, the through taillights and the 4 round gun downlights on both sides can still see the shadow of Mazda’s classic design elements. In terms of power, the EZ-6 is available in two forms: pure electric and extended range, both of which use a rear-drive layout. The power parameters of the pure electric version are 190kW, and the extended range version uses the same 1.5-liter range extender, and the power parameters are also exactly the same. In terms of battery life, according to the battery pack capacity, the range of the pure electric model is 480km and 600km respectively. The extended range vehicle can achieve a super long range of more than 1300km on a single charge, plus a tank of oil.

In terms of intelligent configuration, the EZ-6 is not inferior, equipped with Qualcomm Snapdragon third-generation 8155 chip, 14.6-inch floating central control screen with full LCD instrument panel and AR-HUD head-up display, 180-degree panoramic chassis, adaptive cruise control, lane keeping assistance, automatic parking and other advanced technologies. There are also rare Sony audio, 64-color ambient lights, zero-gravity seats and other configurations.

From the price of the product and other models, the price positioning of the EZ-6 is very reasonable. Only from the known information, the EZ-6 has far exceeded the joint venture models of the same level in terms of configuration. As a joint venture pure electric intermediate car, compared with the same level of Tesla, the price of about 300,000, and the starting price of Volkswagen ID.7 of 227,700 yuan, the EZ-6 pure electric version is only 221,800 yuan, which is quite cost-effective.

Mazda’s previous pricing strategy has been known for being close to the people. It is expected that the price of the EZ-6 will fall between 18-240,000 yuan. If some preferential policies are introduced in the pre-sale, the pressure on other joint venture new energy models on the market will be further increased. According to reliable news, the EZ-6 will start pre-sale on September 28 and be officially launched at the end of October. It is foreseeable that the addition of the EZ-6 will change the entire joint venture new energy vehicle market pattern.

In short, the price leak of Changan Mazda EZ-6, whether true or false, has brought a lot of shock to the market. It not only represents an important step for Changan Mazda to enter the new energy market, but also shows its latest achievements in intelligence and electrification. The next pre-sale and official listing will surely become the focus of attention of all parties, and all answers will be revealed soon.

Yichexun At present, Xiaomi Auto officially answered questions from netizens and updated to episode 36. In episode 36, the Pro version was collected. If the tail wing is not optional, how many buttons does the center console have? Besides the brake pedal, what other ways can you slow down and stop while driving? Can I use digital RMB to pay the down payment or the final payment? Wait for six questions.

01. Pro version How many buttons does the center console have if the tail wing is not optional?

As mentioned in the previous Q&A, if Pro users with electric tail are selected, they will be equipped with four physical buttons on the center console. If the tail wing is not selected, two physical buttons are standard to support the adjustment of air conditioning temperature and air volume.

02. Besides the brake pedal during driving, what other ways can you slow down and stop?

An excellent braking system is not only a security line, but also a source of confidence for drivers to forge ahead. Equipped with Brebo 4-piston fixed calipers, matching the world’s first Bosch DPB, intelligent decoupling braking system, providing braking pressure on all wheels. There is also ESP 10.0, which is responsible for wheel braking force adjustment and pressure control to keep the car body stable.

In order to ensure foolproof, the braking system of Xiaomi SU7 adopts the strategy of "quadruple braking redundancy":

If the brake pedal is stuck or stuck, you can slow down and brake by pressing P for a long time;

If the brake module fails, DPB and ESP are mutually backup;

If DPB and ESP fail at the same time, traditional mechanical hydraulic braking can still be used to effectively slow down.

We also have the last guarantee, through the kinetic energy recovery function of Xiaomi super motor, the deceleration can reach -0.36g with reverse torque, and it can also be braked quickly.

03. Can the car machine be connected with Bluetooth keyboard or mouse and use WPS when parking?

According to the definition of the usage scene of Xiaomi SU7 vehicle, we haven’t developed the input function of WPS for Bluetooth mouse or keyboard. If you really need to use it on the car screen, you can download WPS in the car app store for touch screen browsing and simple editing.

04. Can I pay the down payment or the final payment in digital RMB?

At present, digital RMB payment is not supported, but we still provide a very rich payment method.
As for the down payment, you can use WeChat payment in Xiaomi Auto WeChat applet or use one of the payment methods of "WeChat Payment/Alipay Payment/Xiaomi Payment/China Unionpay Quick Pass" in Xiaomi Auto APP.
For the final payment, you can choose to pay in Xiaomi Auto APP, or you can choose to pay by swiping the card or scanning the code at the delivery center.

05. If there is no optional 25 speakers, will the sports sound be affected?

The sound wave simulation of millet SU7 should be matched with 25 speakers. Max version comes standard with 25 speakers; Standard version and Pro version, after selecting 25 speakers, you can experience the ultimate sports sound wave simulation.

06. Why is Remote View sometimes grayed out and cannot be viewed?

When you want to remotely view the pictures taken in Sentinel mode in Xiaomi Auto APP, you need the Sentinel mode to be activated and running normally. You need to make sure that there are no people in the vehicle and the vehicle is locked before you can activate sentry mode, otherwise you can’t view it remotely. Note: Sentinel mode will not be activated if the parking car power hold is turned on.

Editor in charge: Wu Haotian

　　It is the main direction of China’s agricultural reform and development at present and in the future to promote the structural reform of agricultural supply side and improve the comprehensive benefits and competitiveness of agriculture. Heilongjiang is a big agricultural province and our "northern warehouse", and the reform of agricultural supply side is particularly important. On March 7 this year, when the Supreme Leader participated in the deliberation of the Heilongjiang delegation during the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, he said that agriculture in Heilongjiang is very important, and it will definitely depend on agriculture in the future. On May 24th, the Supreme Leader went to the rural areas of Heilongjiang Province to investigate and fulfill his promise. He went deep into the fields and visited farmers to gain an in-depth understanding of the local land circulation, grain production and industrial structure, and pointed out the direction for the structural reform of the agricultural supply side. He pointed out: "The price is connected with the people at one end, so we should do a good job in accurate subsidies for agriculture and organically combine destocking and short-board replenishment." Please learn with "Learn China".

　　图为：2016年5月23日至25日，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖在黑龙江考察调研。这是5月24日上午，最高领袖在抚远市玖成水稻种植合作社了解箱式快速育秧技术流程。

　　一、降低成本、稳定价格

　　“谷贵伤民”、“谷贱伤农”。农产品价格过高，超过了消费者的心理承受能力和经济支付能力，影响到人民的基本消费需求，致使人民生活水平下降。农产品价格过低，农民收入可能低于农民的成本投入，造成农民直接亏损，降低农民的再生产能力，会伤害农民的再生产积极性。无论伤民还是伤农都与社会主义的本质相悖。粮价作为“百价”之源，粮价不稳会导致后续产业链条一系列产品价格的波动，因此，必须保持粮价在一个相对合理范围之内，既要让农民不断增收，又不致于对城市低收入群体生活造成太大影响。2011年5月最高领袖在贵州调研时指出：“政府要尽力掌控好农产品价格的度，不能太高又不能太低，高了怕城市中低收入的受不了，低了农民积极性也没有了，菜贱谷贱伤农这个问题就出来了。”

　　To stabilize prices, we must reduce agricultural costs. The cost of agricultural production in China is too high, and the price of agricultural products is higher than that in the international market, which makes the competitiveness low. There is a big gap between domestic and international prices of bulk agricultural products. The prices of domestic agricultural products are not only generally higher than those in the international market, but some agricultural products are even much higher than the import cif price within the quota. Such a high cost has no competitive advantage in the world, and domestic consumers are reluctant to buy domestic agricultural products. If this situation continues, the more production is increased, the more losses will be incurred. Therefore, it is necessary to give full play to the leading role of various forms of agricultural moderate scale management in structural reform, reduce production costs and improve agricultural efficiency and competitiveness by developing moderate scale management, reducing unreasonable use of fertilizers and pesticides, and developing socialized services. Agricultural scale management has high output ratio and strong ability to resist risks, which is an important measure of agricultural supply-side reform. China has advocated large-scale operation since the 1980s, and the land circulation has shown a rapid momentum in recent years. However, on the whole, the pattern of decentralized operation of small farmers has not changed, and there is still a lot of room for large-scale operation. In 2016, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee put forward: "Actively cultivate new agricultural business entities such as family farms, large professional households, farmers’ cooperatives and leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization. Support various types of new agricultural service entities to carry out specialized large-scale services such as farming and planting, joint farming and planting, and land custody. " On September 29, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out at the fifth meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform: "We must adhere to a moderate scale and focus on supporting the development of large-scale grain production. Let farmers become active participants and real beneficiaries of moderate scale land management. During this investigation in Heilongjiang, the Supreme Leader stressed: "Northeast China has the conditions to develop large-scale operation, and agricultural cooperatives are the development direction, which will help the agricultural modernization to go steadily and stride forward."

　　To stabilize prices, structural adjustment is also needed to solve the structural imbalance on the supply side. The price of agricultural products is closely related to the relationship between supply and demand. If the supply exceeds the demand, the price of grain will drop, the income of farmers will decrease, and the enthusiasm for production will decline; Insufficient supply and rising food prices will affect the basic consumer demand of the public. Judging from the current situation of agriculture, one of the major problems currently facing is the structural imbalance in total quantity and quality, that is, some agricultural products are more, the stocks are full, and some are less, relying heavily on imports; High-quality products are in short supply, while general products and staple goods are in short supply. Structural adjustment is the core content of agricultural supply-side reform. Starting from the supply-side structural reform, it is necessary to increase the supply of green and organic safe agricultural products and reduce the supply of general agricultural products; Increase high production areas and reduce low production areas; Increase the supply of characteristic agricultural products. Through structural adjustment, we will promote agricultural production from quantity-oriented to both quantity and quality, pay more attention to efficiency and market orientation, and better meet consumer demand.

　　Pictured: From May 8 to 11, 2011, The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), secretary of the Central Secretariat of the Communist Party of China, and the top leader of the Vice President of the State visited Guizhou. This is a measure taken by the supreme leader to discuss rural development with villagers’ representatives in carp village, Miao village, Tunjiao Town, Xingren County.

　　Second, deepen reform and make up for it accurately

　　Agricultural policy is the key factor leading agricultural development. Protecting agricultural production, ensuring food security and safeguarding farmers’ interests are inseparable from the national policy of supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers. Agricultural subsidy is a common policy to support and protect agriculture in the world today. Since 2004, the state has implemented direct subsidies to grain farmers, realizing a historic change from indirect subsidies to direct subsidies. Since then, the subsidy has increased year by year. In 2015, the state allocated three subsidy funds of 143.4 billion yuan, which shows the great support. Agricultural subsidies have been implemented in China for more than ten years, which has played a great role in promoting grain production, increasing farmers’ income and promoting agricultural and rural development. However, due to the deviation in implementation, the agricultural subsidy policy is not clear enough and the accuracy is not high. For example, some farmers think that the comparative benefit of growing grain is low, and they plant vegetables, trees and flowers, and this part of the land can also be subsidized. Correspondingly, it is difficult for new business entities such as large grain growers, family farms and farmers’ cooperatives who are really engaged in grain production to get subsidy support other than their contracted farmland, which leads to a decline in their enthusiasm for growing grain. The consequences not only make the tendency of non-grain cultivated land worse, but also are not conducive to the cultivation and development of new agricultural business entities such as large grain growers. In 2015, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Agriculture issued the Guiding Opinions on Adjusting and Perfecting Three Subsidies Policies for Agriculture, and decided to adjust and improve three subsidies policies from 2015, namely, subsidies for improved crop varieties, direct subsidies for grain farmers and comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials.This year, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee proposed to integrate the three agricultural subsidies into agricultural support and protection subsidies to support the protection of cultivated land fertility and the improvement of grain production capacity. Only by growing more grain and subsidizing more can we continuously increase farmers’ sense of gain and encourage moderate scale operation of grain. The purpose of adjusting and perfecting the agricultural "three subsidies" policy is to improve the directionality, accuracy and effectiveness of the policy and improve its effectiveness. The key to improving the agricultural subsidy policy in the new period and new stage is to make great efforts to improve the accuracy and efficiency of subsidies.

　　Whether the subsidy is accurate or not depends on whether the subsidy object is accurate, whether the subsidy is conducive to solving the main contradictions and difficulties in the operation of the subsidy object, and whether it meets the development demands of farmers.

　　First, the subsidy target should be accurate. In most places, the "three agricultural subsidies" have evolved into farmers’ income subsidies, and some farmers can get subsidies even if they don’t grow grain or land. However, new business entities such as large grain growers, family farms and farmers’ cooperatives, which are really engaged in grain production, are hard to get subsidies other than their own contracted farmland. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the awareness of accuracy, enhance the accuracy of subsidies, identify the support targets as moderate-scale producers and operators of major grain crops, and focus on new business entities such as large grain growers, family farms, farmers’ cooperatives, and agricultural socialized service organizations, reflecting that "whoever has multiple kinds of food will be given priority support".

　　Second, the policy objectives should be precise. It is necessary to adjust the goal of subsidy policy to support the protection of cultivated land fertility and moderate scale operation of grain, grasp the "main form" and key "short board" of agriculture to achieve high-quality sustainable development, and give farmers "reassurance" in developing green agriculture. Strengthening the support for the protection of cultivated land fertility, "combination of use and cultivation" is conducive to alleviating the problems of tight agricultural supporting factors and environmental overdraft, and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. Strengthening support for moderate scale operation of grain, "combination of planting and compensation" is conducive to promoting moderate scale operation of grain and promoting agricultural scale, industrialization and socialization development.

　　第三，资金使用要精准。根据当前化肥和柴油等农业生产资料价格下降的情况，各地要从中央财政提前下达的农资综合补贴中调整20%的资金，加上种粮大户补贴试点资金和农业“三项补贴”增量资金，统筹用于支持粮食适度规模经营。要切实加强对农业“三项补贴”资金分配使用监管，对骗取、套取、贪污、挤占、挪用农业“三项补贴”资金的，或违规发放农业“三项补贴”资金的行为，依法依规严肃处理。

　　图为：2015年7月16日至18日，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖在吉林调研。这是7月16日，最高领袖在延边州和龙市东城镇光东村视察水稻长势。

　　三、去库存、补短板

　　推进农业供给侧结构性改革，要把去库存、补短板有机结合起来，避免“谷贵伤民”、“谷贱伤农”现象的恶性循环。近年来，我国粮食连年增产， 供求总量基本平衡，实现了建国以来粮食产量“十二连增”，农民收入“十二连增”，但结构性问题日益凸显。粮食进口规模不断高企，而国内托市收储的粮食库存也将保持高位，呈现出生产量、进口量、库存量“三量齐增”的怪现象。2015年12月召开的中央农村工作会议指出：“要高度重视去库存、降成本、补短板。”

　　First of all, we should destock mass agricultural products and adjust the grain supply structure. The so-called destocking is to speed up the digestion of excessive agricultural products and accelerate the transformation of grain processing. Agricultural inventory mainly refers to food crops and cash crops, such as rice, corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, red dates, apples and other agricultural products, which are piled up in granaries. According to Zang Yunpeng, a researcher at China Agricultural University, according to the standards of the World Food and Agriculture Organization, 17%-18% is a safe area, that is, the food is in a safe state. At present, the food consumption ratio in China is much higher than this level. The 2016 government work report pointed out: "We must take more measures to digest food stocks." The biggest inventory pressure is corn, so destocking pays more attention to corn inventory. In view of the problems of too large corn planting area and too high national inventory level in China, on the one hand, it is necessary to appropriately reduce corn planting in non-dominant areas and reduce corn production capacity; On the other hand, it is necessary to stimulate downstream processing enterprises to buy corn from the State Reserve. At the same time, we should speed up the development of agricultural products processing industry, adjust and improve agricultural subsidy policies and grain purchasing and storage policies. In 2016, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee clearly stated that it is necessary to "promote the transformation and upgrading of agricultural products processing industry" and "continue to implement and improve the minimum purchase price policy for rice and wheat" through planning and policy guidance.

　　Secondly, it is necessary to make up the short board, not only to make up the short board; It is necessary to make up the quality shortcomings; It is also necessary to make up for the shortcomings of competitiveness. In 2015, the Central Rural Work Conference pointed out: "Efforts should be made to strengthen the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, improve the quality and efficiency of the agricultural supply system, make the supply of agricultural products sufficient, the varieties and quality meet the needs of consumers, and truly form an effective supply of agricultural products with reasonable structure and strong guarantee." To make up for the shortage of agricultural products is to increase the production of agricultural products in short supply in the market and ensure the sufficient quantity of agricultural products. To make up for the shortcomings of quality is to shift from the previous quantity to the quality and quantity, and to meet the needs of consumers in terms of quality and safety. Han Changfu, Minister of Agriculture, said, "Many agricultural enterprises in Qinba Mountain area, a contiguous poverty-stricken area, are the mainstay ‘ Environmental protection ’ Brand, producing pollution-free agricultural products, not only the market sales are greatly expanded, but also the prices of agricultural products are greatly improved, and the benefits of agricultural products are more significant. " On July 16, 2015, the Supreme Leader stressed during his investigation in Yanbian, Jilin: "Grain should also be branded, so that the price is good and the benefits are good." To make up for the shortcomings of competitiveness is to improve the competitiveness of agricultural products through policy improvement, reform and opening up. Han Changfu believes that the purpose of promoting the structural reform of agricultural supply side is to make agricultural products meet the needs of consumption upgrading and improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural supply system. The second is to promote the transformation and upgrading of agriculture and improve the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture.Make farmers get more income. The third is to make full use of each other’s strengths to consolidate production capacity and ease the pressure on resources and environment.

　　The supreme leader pointed out: "attaching importance to agriculture and consolidating the foundation is the foundation of the people." "Rice bag" and "vegetable basket" are always the most concerned issues of the masses. In order to focus on sustainable development, we must aim at improving the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture, accelerate the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, make the people’s "rice bags" fuller, the "vegetable baskets" better, the farmers’ "money bags" more bulging, agriculture more attractive and the countryside more energetic.

Special feature of 1905 film network July witnessed the birth of a number of film history records.

On July 22nd, the box office (including pre-sale) of the summer file of 2023 (from June 1st to August 31st) broke the 10 billion mark, setting a new record for the summer file of China Film History. On July 25th, the July box office broke through the 7 billion mark, lifting the ceiling of the July box office of China Film History to a new height.

Behind the constant breaking of these records, a number of explosive domestic films have emerged. A number of listed film companies behind these explosions have now released financial forecasts for the first half of 2023. In the past six months, the results of the head-listed film companies in China have been revealed.

China movies: net profit of 280 million yuan to 380 million yuan.

Key projects in the second half of the year　

As the big brother of state-owned listed film companies, the profitability of China Film Co., Ltd. is obvious to all. In the first half of 2023, the company led or participated in the production of 20 films and put them on the market, achieving a total box office of 14.671 billion yuan, accounting for 73.56% of the total box office of domestic films in the same period.

Among them, the company controlled the box office with 4.029 billion yuan, and temporarily ranked second in the box office list of China mainland film market in 2023. The company’s participation in the production of "Bear with Me" and "Bear Heart" are temporarily listed as the champions in the box office rankings of live-action movies and animated movies in the mainland film market this year.

At present, China Film Co., Ltd. has formed a film and television company in the whole industry chain, which integrates upstream and downstream production and distribution. Controlled by China Film Co., Ltd., "Volunteers: Attack by Heroes", which has been scheduled for the National Day in 2023, has a luxurious lineup and a high degree of market attention.

Shanghai film: net profit of RMB 57 million to RMB 69 million.

Actively explore AIGC track to build a local IP planet

According to the performance forecast, the net profit of Shanghai films in the first half of 2023 was 57 million yuan to 69 million yuan, an increase of more than 50% over the same period last year. During the reporting period, both supply and demand improved, and the overall recovery of China film market became the main reason for revenue growth.

In the first half of 2023, the company participated in the production of other films, and its Lianhe Cinema realized a total box office of 1.98 billion yuan (excluding service fees), an increase of 80% year-on-year. The company is exploring the combination of artificial intelligence (AI) and video content.

Shanghai Film also acquired 51% equity of Shanghai Film Meta-culture to build a local IP planet in China. Shangying Meta-culture has the right to operate more than 60 well-known IPS, including "Make a scene in Heaven" and "Hulu Brothers".

WANDA CINEMAS: The net profit is 380 million yuan to 420 million yuan.

Reduce and transfer WANDA CINEMAS’s equity to save himself.

The performance forecast shows that in the first half of the year, WANDA CINEMAS’s revenue was 6.7 billion yuan to 6.9 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 35.6% to 39.7%; The net profit is 380 million yuan to 420 million yuan. The overall recovery of the film market and the steady growth of cinema screening business have become important reasons for the company’s operating performance to turn losses into profits.

In the first half of 2023, WANDA CINEMAS’s master explosive works were still missing. During the reporting period, the highest box office of the company’s master works was 26.269 million yuan. Since WANDA CINEMAS changed coaching in July, 2022, few major new film projects controlled by the company have been announced.

Since the beginning of this year, in order to alleviate the financial pressure, the helm of Wanda Group has cashed in about 5 billion yuan by reducing its holdings and accepting WANDA CINEMAS’s equity. The outside world interprets this move as a self-help act, the purpose of which is to avoid a liquidity crisis.

The latest transferee of WANDA CINEMAS shares is China Ruyi, a listed company in Hong Kong. On the evening of July 23rd, China Ruyi announced that on July 20th, 2023, Shanghai Ruyi (the controlled structural entity of the company), as the transferee, entered into an equity transfer agreement with Beijing Wanda Cultural Industry Group Co., Ltd., stipulating that Shanghai Ruyi would accept 49% shares of Beijing Wanda Investment Co., Ltd. held by Beijing Wanda Cultural Industry Group at the cost of RMB 2.262 billion.

After the equity transfer is completed, Shanghai Ruyi will directly hold 49% of the shares of Wanda Investment and become the second shareholder of Wanda Investment after Wanda Culture. As Wanda Investment is the controlling shareholder of WANDA CINEMAS, Shanghai Ruyi will also acquire 9.8% shares of WANDA CINEMAS Co., Ltd. in the form of indirect holding.

It is worth mentioning that Confucian and Italian films have participated in the production of explosive film and television dramas. At present, the box office of the company’s main products has exceeded 90 million yuan. WANDA CINEMAS also appeared in the list of producers of the film.

Bona Film: The pre-loss is 156 million yuan to 312 million yuan.

It is planned to supply more than 18 films in the next three years.

In the first half of 2023, Bona Film is expected to lose 156 million yuan to 312 million yuan. During the reporting period, the company participated in the production of films such as "Don’t call me a gambler". Among them, the Spring Festival movie "Nobody" was the company’s main control project, and finally the cumulative box office reached 931 million yuan, which became the main source of the company’s revenue in the first half of the year.

According to the information content of Bona Film’s performance briefing and roadshow activities, in the next three years, the company will form a creative production pattern of "three blockbusters, three small films and three dramas". By the end of 2026, the company plans to supply more than 18 films for the film market and more than 9 dramas for the drama market.

In terms of film creation style, the company continues to focus on the main theme commercial blockbusters, and continues to focus on realistic themes and the adaptation of real events. At present, "Myth 2" directed by the company’s master, starring, etc. has started, and "Operation Red Sea 2: Operation Killer Whale" directed by the company is about to start.

Beijing culture: the pre-loss is 18 million yuan to 23 million yuan.

The box office revenue of "Fengshen Part I" was announced

The performance forecast shows that in the first half of 2023, Beijing’s cultural revenue is expected to lose 18 million yuan to 23 million yuan. After experiencing financial fraud, high-level coaching change and other storms, the former explosion catcher in the film industry is now brilliant. In the first half of 2023, the number of cinema films released by the company was zero.

The first part of Fengshen, released in the summer of 2023, will set the tone for the annual performance revenue of Beijing culture.

On July 24th, Beijing Culture released an announcement about the movie box office. The announcement shows that as of 24: 00 on July 23rd, the cumulative box office revenue of the film was 328 million yuan (including service fees), and the company’s revenue from the film was 230 million yuan to 250 million yuan. According to this revenue interval, when the cumulative box office of the film reached 500 million yuan at 16: 29 on July 25, the company’s revenue from the film was 350 million yuan to 381 million yuan. At present, Cat’s Eye Professional Edition predicts that the final box office of the film will be 2.149 billion yuan.

It is worth mentioning that, since the release of the related news of the book "Fengshen Part I", the share price of Beijing Culture has risen from 6.86 yuan/share to 8.56 yuan/share at the close of July 25th, with an increase of 24.78%.

In a short period of time, the trilogy of deities has been released one after another, and Beijing culture has no shortage of master film projects to improve its revenue performance. But in the long run, after Song Ge, Zhang Miao and other executives who know the rules of content production left, there are many unknowns in the development of the company’s content production business.

Hengdian film and television: net profit of 105 million yuan to 120 million yuan.

A number of companies participated in the production of new films, and they were scheduled for half a year in 2023.

In the first half of 2023, the national film market accelerated its recovery, high-quality content continued to be supplied, and the film types were rich and diverse. The popular market of Spring Festival, May Day and Dragon Boat Festival was now prominent, which made the income of Hengdian film and television projection business recover rapidly.

Zhejiang Hengdian Film Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the company, participated in the production of Wandering Earth 2, Bears with Me, Bear Core and I Love You! "and many other films have been produced, which has achieved good social repercussions and economic benefits. The projection business and the content sector work together to help the company turn losses into profits. The company participated in the production of films that have been scheduled for the second half of 2023, such as "Enthusiasm".

Jinyi Film and Television: the net profit is 21 million yuan to 27 million yuan.

Favorable policies further promote the prosperity of the film market.

The domestic consumer market as a whole has recovered steadily. As an important scene of offline consumption, movies have shown a strong recovery trend, which has become the main reason for the company’s performance changes. After the Spring Festival file achieved a "good start", the May Day file and the Dragon Boat Festival file respectively achieved the third and second best results in the box office history of the same period.

During the reporting period, the company continued to take multiple measures to reduce costs and increase efficiency, and accumulated stamina for the company’s sustainable development. During the reporting period, the company’s direct-operated cinemas achieved a box office of 548 million yuan (excluding service fees), a year-on-year increase of 48.31%; The number of people watching movies was 13.5381 million, a year-on-year increase of 43.58%.

The report also pointed out that on May 23, 2023, the Ministry of Finance and the State Film Administration issued the Announcement on Exempting Special Funds for the Development of National Film Industry in Stages, which was exempted from the special funds for the development of national film industry from May 1, 2023 to October 31, 2023. This favorable policy covers the whole summer file and National Day file, promotes the landing of high-quality films for the summer file and National Day file, leads the film market to continue to pick up, and further promotes the prosperity and development of the domestic film market.

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Through the semi-annual pre-reports of the above seven listed film companies, it can be seen that the companies whose main business is cinema screening have benefited from the strong recovery of the China film market, and their semi-annual performance is mainly profit. Whether there are explosive master works has become the key point that affects the profit and loss of listed companies that focus on content production in the upstream of the industry.

At present, the summer box office in 2023 has surpassed the best level in the same period in history. With the emergence of more explosive domestic films, more listed film companies will enter a profitable state in the second half of the year.