Chongqing client-Hualong. com at 06: 00 on January 2 (Reporter Zhang Yiwen) Vehicles are passing through the Dangyang Grand Canyon. From time to time, there are clear springs flowing down the mountain stream, greedily breathing the fresh air rich in negative oxygen ions, and watching the wild flowers swaying in the wind by the roadside, I can’t help but think of Yan Kemei, a party representative, introducing his hometown at the 19th National Congress: "I come from the source of water, the hometown of clouds, the kingdom of plants and the paradise of animals."

　　Dangyang township is the farthest from Wushan county in Chongqing, and Hongcao village is the farthest poor village in Dangyang township. Born and raised in Hongcao Village, Yan Kemei was the first college student in the village to go out and the first young man to return to the village to become the village party secretary. Petite, wearing a windbreaker and riding a men’s motorcycle, the "female rider" after 80 rode out of her own world in the mountains.

　　After she graduated from golden phoenix University, she resolutely returned to the poor village.

　　"Meimei is the pride of our village. She is the first one admitted to the university in our village. She has been very capable since she was a child!" Wang Congming, a 64-year-old villager, fiddled with tobacco leaves in his own field at No.7 Society of Hongcao Village, next to the "Huhutong" access road being repaired. Hongcao Village is small, and the villagers are very familiar with each other. Yan Kemei grew up under the eyelids of uncles. "Well, she is still my niece!" Wang Congming laughed.

　　Yan Kemei, born in 1983, grew up in a remote, cold and poor mountain village 147 kilometers away from Wushan County — — Dangyang township, Hongcao village. "When I was a child, I had a hard time. I drank dry well water and planted enough land for my own family." Unlike the post-80s children in the city who watched "Gourd Baby", played checkers and ate chocolate, Yan Kemei’s childhood living conditions were not good. My mother is illiterate, my father is not well educated, and I have a sister at home. In order to save tuition for the two sisters, parents often carry firewood to the next town to sell it before dawn. Walking all day on the mountain road with a bundle of firewood, I got a few dollars.

　　In the second year of junior high school, because of family poverty, Yan Kemei took the initiative to ask her parents to stop studying and left the money to her sister to continue her studies. "She helps us cook, farm and feed seven or eight pigs every day." Where did father Yan Shiwen give up his daughter’s studies? After Yan Kemei dropped out of school for half a year, one day, Yan Shiwen took out a few hundred dollars from the closet. "Woman, you go on studying, and your mother and I will borrow money to keep you going!"

　　With potato dug in the ground on his back, Chili sauce made by his mother and crumpled money given by his father in his hand, Yan Kemei once again embarked on the road to study. Without money to take a bus, it often takes a whole day to walk from Hongcao Village to Guanyang, where the school is located, but Yan Kemei still walked "rain or shine, never giving up."

　　The hardships of the environment and life gave her the desire to change the poverty in her hometown. In 2004, Yan Kemei was admitted to Yibin College in Sichuan and became the first college student in the village. During her college years, she actively moved closer to the Party organization and became a glorious Communist party member in April 2006.

　　After graduating in 2008, Yan Kemei found a secretarial job in Shanghai. Although the working environment is comfortable, she can’t forget the feelings of the villagers, worry about the backward status of her hometown, and remember her identity in party member, always wanting to do something for her hometown and the organization. When she learned that the secretary of the Party branch of Hongcao Village was going to leave her job, she resolutely resigned and reported to the Dangyang Township Party Committee the idea of going back to the village to lead the development of the masses, and volunteered to work in the village team.

　　Little sister became the "leading goose" to repair the road for the villagers and attract tap water.

　　"Take an examination of a university have what use? Graduation is not the same as being outside! " "What does a young girl know and what can she do?" Yan Kemei, who has just returned to the village, can always hear the whispers among the villagers. Really unhappy, she just ran a few times up and down the mountain, or kept flipping cards in front of the computer. "The village is backward in both material and ideological aspects. Didn’t I come back just to change this situation?" Yan Kemei insisted on her decision, just as her parents insisted on providing her with schooling.

　　After a two-month probation period, Yan Kemei’s outstanding performance was recognized by the villagers. In January 2009, she officially served as secretary of the Party branch of Hongcao Village, which lasted for more than four years.

　　"This is the case in Hongcao Village. If there are village cadres ‘ Nonsense ’ I can’t even get a bite to eat here. " Yan Kemei knows the villagers’ personality well. In order to get more people’s understanding and support, the old branch secretary told her to learn to be "cheeky". "If others don’t support you, you will often go until he agrees." Yan Kemei has now mastered the essence of "thick skin".

　　In 2010, Hongcao Village ushered in the transformation of rural power grid. "Some village construction teams have left, but they are in arrears with the villagers’ wages. This situation must not happen to the villagers in Hongcao Village." In order to let the villagers involved in the construction get the wages in time, after the construction team left, Yan Kemei followed to Wushan County, found the person in charge of the power supply company, and "twisted the fee" in the county for a week until she saw that the power supply company paid the project money to the construction team, and the construction team paid the wages to the villagers. She left.

　　Before Yan Kemei returned to the village as the village party secretary, the road from Hongcao Village to Dangyang Township was dug out by villagers with hoes, only more than 2 meters wide, and it was slippery and muddy when it rained. "If you want to be rich, build roads first." Yan Kemei ran up and down, and "the cheek" was coming to build road materials.

　　At first, no one paid attention to it, so Yan Kemei took the village cadres to do it himself. Transport blasting materials, widen the roadbed, and slowly, the villagers who saw the results began to join the team that devoted labor and labor to repair the road. Two years later, a village-level highway with a width of 5 meters and a length of 11 kilometers was opened.

　　Wushan is rich in potatoes and sweet potato. Wu Zhongjie of Hongcao Village No.6 Society carried a bag of sweet potato and washed it under the tap. If it had been five years ago, she might not have washed it so easily. Wu Zhongjie is 55 years old and has been drinking dry well water for 50 years in Hongcao Village. If there is little rain or freezing in winter, and there is no water in the dry well, you have to walk more than ten miles to fetch water at the foot of the mountain.

　　Yan Kemei also grew up drinking dry well water, and solving the problem of villagers’ drinking water became a matter of concern to her. In 2011, Yan Kemei was elected as a national model worker. She summoned the courage to write a letter to the government, reflecting the problem of drinking water in Hongcao Village. Not long after, she received a reply. Together with this reply, there are also support policies and funds sent by the government to lay more than 40,000 meters of pipe network for Hongcao Village. Nowadays, every household in Hongcao Village drinks tap water, and every household has a cement road.

　　After the road was repaired and the water was connected, Yan Kemei began to lead the villagers to develop the economy. At that time, the villagers’ concept was backward, and they always made a living by planting the "three big tuo" handed down by their ancestors, namely potato tuo, baogu tuo and hongtiaotuo. It’s better to make a show than to shout. Yan Kemei took the lead in transferring land to plant more than 20 mu of flue-cured tobacco in accordance with the development model of "big households driving and retail investors following", driving the whole village to develop 1,200 mu of flue-cured tobacco, with an added output value of nearly 3 million yuan. At the same time, she took the lead in establishing a professional breeding cooperative, leading the village to develop more than 1,500 goats and 1,000 pigs, with an output value of 1.8 million yuan. In three years, the per capita net income of the village has increased from less than 2900 to more than 7000 yuan. Last year, Hongcao village finally took off the hat of poverty.

　　"Hongcao Village covers an area of 11 square kilometers with more than 260 households and 890 people." Yan Kemei can tell exactly who is in Hongcao Village and what is the situation when he closes his eyes. From 2008 to 2013, during her five years as the branch secretary of Hongcao Village, she visited by motorcycle and traveled a total of 28,800 kilometers, which is enough to circle the earth half a circle. Now, on her leg, the scars left by a bicycle accident can be clearly seen.

　　The "warm-hearted people" in Yuling Village want to let the villagers eat tourist meals.

　　In 2013, Yan Kemei took an exam to recruit civil servants from outstanding village cadres and became a township cadre. However, she is still concerned about how the villagers can get rid of poverty and become rich. She twice volunteered to be the resident cadre of Pingding Village in Dangyang Township and the "first secretary" of Yuling Village. She said: "There are many things to do in the countryside now. This land has nurtured me and exercised me. I have done something for the villagers and helped me find a stage to realize my own value."

　　She made full use of the rich advantages of water power and light energy in Yuling Village, organized "one thing, one discussion", and leased the collective forest along the river to Shengfeng Energy Company to develop hydropower generation, earning a rent of 30,000 yuan per year. At the same time, actively strive for the government to invest 300,000 yuan to start the construction of a solar power station, with an estimated annual income of more than 50,000 yuan.

　　Yan Kemei carries a small notebook with her to record the production and living conditions of poor households. Whoever is the poorest, she often goes to the door; She helps anyone who is in trouble in time.

　　He Wenlin, a poor household, has a third-grade visual disability, and his son suffers from cerebral palsy. Yan Kemei contacted special education schools in many ways to help solve the problem of children’s schooling, and strived for indicators to renovate their houses and open farmhouses. Villagers Xu Daomin and Chen Jilian suffered from tumors and spent a lot of medical expenses. However, because they didn’t know much about the medical insurance policy and didn’t reimburse them in time, she personally went to the county to go through the formalities. Yang Xuying, a poor household, used to live in a thatched house. Yan Kemei braved the hot summer to make a field investigation, declared the D-level dangerous house renovation index for him, and helped the village cadres to build the house and effectively solve the housing safety problem.

　　During his tenure as the "First Secretary" of Yuling Village, Yan Kemei actively standardized the management of the village convenience service center, set up a one-stop service hall, and strictly implemented the system of village cadres taking turns to be on duty, visiting in pieces, and handling civil affairs, so that villagers could find people and get things done at any time. At the same time, supervise and urge the village affairs to be made public on a monthly basis, and return the villagers with a clear account.

　　In order to solve the shortage of talents in rural areas, she used her own experience to mobilize three local talents to return to the village for development. Hu Hua, a primary school classmate, set up a planting cooperative after returning to the village to work, which led farmers to develop more than 500 mu of purple potatoes. Through the "direct store+e-commerce" model, the output value was 4 million yuan and the profit was 800,000 yuan, driving 12 households and 34 people out of poverty and becoming rich. Yan Kemei himself also led the villagers to plant more than 630 mu of crisp plums and more than 300 mu of Chinese herbal medicines, build 9 kilometers of sidewalks, and promote 42 households and 159 people in the village to get rid of poverty.

　　Yan Kemei originally had a wish to return to Hongcao Village to change its backward appearance. To this end, she even took her sister who graduated from the Technology and Business University back to the village and became a rural teacher. Now, the life of the villagers is getting better and better, and she has a new goal: "We are the source of water, the hometown of clouds, the kingdom of plants and the paradise of animals. Dangyang Grand Canyon is building a 4A-level scenic spot, hoping that through this natural advantage, remote farmers can eat tourist meals! "

1905 movie network news A few days ago, the film starring director,,, starring,, starring Jiang Chao, Friendship, Wang Longzheng, Zhou Xingzhe, Zhang Yang, etc. announced the launch and released a poster with sound concept.

The film mainly tells the story that the A380, the world’s largest three-story luxury passenger plane, was hijacked on its first voyage, and an international security expert and his daughter joined hands to fight the robbers at an altitude of 10,000 meters. This film is the first time that Andy Lau and Zifeng Zhang starred in the father-daughter film, and it is also the first time that a domestic film shows the inside appearance of the A380, which is known as the "five-star hotel in the air", with a lot to watch.

1:1 Real-life Restoration of "Five-star Hotel in the Air" Andy Lau Zifeng Zhang premiered the father-daughter file　

The film released a poster with the concept of "sound". The red voiceprint forms the shape of an airplane. When you scan the voiceprint with your mobile phone, you can hear an emergency call for help: "This is flight HY688. The plane has been hijacked. Call the police immediately!" It is reported that the voice comes from Li Hangyu (Guo Xiaodong), CEO of Aerospace Airlines in the film, and the panicked tone indicates that a frightening journey at an altitude of 10,000 meters has already started. The story takes place on a luxury flight. Faced with the dangers of hijacking, mobs and forced landing, Gao Haojun, an international security expert played by Andy Lau, stepped forward to deal with the mobs. Zifeng Zhang plays Xiao Jun, Gao Haojun’s daughter, who has been worried about her father since she accidentally lost her sight. When the family crisis encounters an aviation disaster, how to save the father and daughter will be the biggest attraction of the film.

The luxury passenger plane in the movie is the A380, which is known as the "Big Mac in the Air" and the "Five-Star Hotel in the Air". It has attracted much attention since it came out. This film will show the latest design model of the A380: it has a three-deck cabin with a maximum take-off weight of 580 tons, which is equivalent to 400 RVs and 7-storey buildings. It can park 20 double-deck buses and carry 800 people. It is reported that the film investment is nearly 300 million, and the 1:1 real scene will be built into a three-story luxury cabin of the aircraft, so as to make the audience immersive and see the details of the "five-star luxury passenger plane".　

This film is the first time that two actors, Andy Lau and Zifeng Zhang, have co-starred in "Father-Daughter File", and Andy Lau will play the role of father after that. Many netizens have left messages and are looking forward to what kind of sparks "Liu Tianwang" can have with Zifeng Zhang. In recent years, Zifeng Zhang, who has performed brilliantly in other films, will challenge to play the visually impaired and perform a pair of father and daughter with Andy Lau. The film also assembled many powerful actors, Qu Chuxiao will play the robber leader, Tamia Liu will play the man’s wife in particular, and Guo Xiaodong and Jiang Mengjie will also play the leading roles of Wang Longzheng, Zhou Xingzhe, Zhang Yao and Zhang Yang. Peng Shun, the director, has directed other films before, and another anticipated emergency rescue blockbuster is waiting to be shown. Action, crime and disaster types have always been Peng Shun’s strong areas, and most of his works have achieved good box office results. It is worth looking forward to what kind of surprises the director of Crisis Route will bring to the audience.

　

Andy Lau’s thrilling action drama is supervised by the town to check the quality of the film　

The filming started on the birthday of Andy Lau, and the crew also sent him birthday wishes. It is reported that Andy Lau also has a lot of action scenes in this film, and Andy Lau will stage a thrilling high-altitude duel with many young actors in a confined space. As a national strength actor, Andy Lau, the "idol of heavenly kings" in the hearts of several generations, has participated in more than 130 films for 40 years and won numerous awards. He has become a recognized model artist with positive energy qualities such as perseverance, seriousness and never giving up.

Whether it’s the "one-legged play" in the movie or the high-difficulty racing play in the movie, Andy Lau constantly challenges the limits of his body and will.It is worth mentioning that followingShock Wave 2’s Chasing the Dragon"Anti-drug 2" Shock Wave 2Crowd of peopleAfter waiting for the film, Andy Lau once again continued the mode of "starring and supervising the production". While playing the leading role in "Crisis Route", he also took the position of supervising the production, and devoted more energy to the film behind the scenes.

Previously, almost all the works produced by producer Andy Lau achieved a double harvest of word-of-mouth and box office, and "producer Andy Lau" also became the quality assurance of the film. Huanyu Entertainment, the producer of "Crisis Route", has cooperated with Andy Lau in several excellent films that have been well received by the audience, among which "Anti-drug 2" has exceeded 1.3 billion at the box office in Shock Wave 2. This time, "Producer Andy Lau" and "Produced by Universal Entertainment" joined forces again, striving to make "Crisis Route" a new breakthrough in the direction of action, crime and disaster films, bringing a refreshing audio-visual feast and strong emotional impact to the audience.

On August 6th, the single-day power generation of thermal power units in Anhui Company of National Energy Group reached 205 million kWh, with a load rate of 80.52%, setting a new record for the single-day power generation in the year. Among them, the cumulative annual power generation of thermal power reached 30.057 billion kWh, successfully breaking through the 30 billion kWh mark, injecting strong impetus into regional energy supply and effectively demonstrating the "ballast stone" role of energy central enterprises.

Fighting against typhoons at high temperature

Since the peak summer, affected by extreme weather such as high temperature and typhoon, the electricity load in Anhui has exceeded the historical extreme value. As the largest thermal power generation enterprise in Anhui Province, based on reality and overall planning, the company adheres to the working concept of "innovation, lean and openness", deepens the action of tackling key problems in electricity consumption, and captures the fluctuation law of power supply and demand in real time by building a dynamic tracking mechanism of power grid load; Adhere to the basic principles of "weekly guarantee, monthly guarantee and annual guarantee", strengthen the goal orientation and optimize the performance appraisal system, and comprehensively enhance the safety awareness of front-line personnel. At the same time, combined with the characteristics of each unit and the power flow distribution characteristics of the power grid, the differentiated bidding strategy of "one plant, one policy" is tailored to tap the power generation potential. On this basis, the dual-track mode of "scheduling demand prediction and unit response optimization" is innovatively implemented, and the operation mode of units is optimized and adjusted in advance based on multi-level and high-frequency scheduling coordination, so as to ensure stable and full power generation during peak hours and provide solid support for the safe and stable operation of regional power grids.

Meet the peak and fight five to five in summer.

In view of the equipment safety and personnel operation risks that may be caused by complex factors such as extreme weather, all units systematically re-analyzed the load reduction cases of units over the years. In-depth discussion on coping strategies through early production meetings, special safety meetings, etc., scientifically plan unit maintenance and equipment emergency repair, improve the operating rate and market competitiveness of units, continuously strengthen safety management and risk prevention capabilities, and ensure that units are in the best operation state during the peak power consumption period in summer. Keep a close eye on the operation and dispatching link, pay close attention to the regional power supply and demand situation and the change of power grid load in real time, strengthen communication and coordination with the provincial dispatching center, and strive for the maximum power generation space. The production department strictly implements the linkage mechanism to eliminate defects, so that "small defects can’t pass the shift and big defects can’t pass the sky", strictly focus on key areas, key links and important time periods, and continuously deepen the construction of safety risk prevention and control system; By carrying out special actions to investigate and manage hidden dangers, we will focus on weak links and potential risks, so as to find problems in time, rectify them in a closed loop, and promote the effectiveness of various safety measures.

In addition, during the peak summer, the demand for coal surged, and all units decisively launched the "all-weather guarantee project" for coal supply, and steadily increased the inventory of coal yards through 24-hour uninterrupted loading and unloading operations to ensure that the "rations" of the units were sufficient. At the same time, taking fine management as the starting point, according to the characteristics of coal, the load change and load prediction of the unit, scientifically adjust the loading strategy, optimize the coal blending and burning scheme, and effectively ensure the safe and economic operation of the unit. (Zhongan Online)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Harbin, March 26th Title: Always secure the energy rice bowl — — Behind the cumulative production of crude oil in Daqing Oilfield exceeded 2.5 billion tons.

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　Get rid of the new China’s "poor oil" hat and create a miracle of stable production of similar oil fields in the world … … On the 26th, the cumulative crude oil production of Daqing Oilfield of China Petroleum, the largest onshore oilfield in China, exceeded 2.5 billion tons, accounting for 36% of the total onshore crude oil production in China. Over the past 60 years, Daqing Oilfield has formed the world’s leading development technology of continental sandstone oilfield, and has been constantly carrying out new practices to secure the energy rice bowl.

　　Old oil fields are still creating new miracles.

　　Songnen Plain, the towering derrick of the 1205 drilling team, and the words "Iron Man Team Forever" are eye-catching. The 1205 drilling team was led by Iron Man Wang Jinxi. "Old captain ‘ Iron ’ Style inspires us to lay a good job in every well. " Zhang Jing, captain of the 1205 drilling team, said.

　　Since the development and construction of Daqing Oilfield, it has provided surging kinetic energy for China’s economic giant. Filling 2.5 billion tons of crude oil with a 60-ton tanker can circle the equator 15.6 times.

　　Back in time, on September 26, 1959, the third well of Songji in Songnen Plain liked to spray industrial oil flow, and a large oil field was discovered in the northeast. On the eve of anniversary, the 10th anniversary of the founding of New China, anniversary Oilfield got its name.

Iron man Wang Jinxi struggled to stir the mud with his flesh and blood (data photo). Xinhua news agency

　　"The north wind is an electric fan, and the heavy snow is fried noodles. The south China sea and the north China sea came to battle and vowed to win the number one oil field. Fuck! Fuck! Fuck! " Iron man’s poem is a vivid footnote to the big battle of swallowing mountains and rivers and oil. Tens of thousands of battle troops, with the spirit of "if conditions permit, they should also go if conditions are not created", let New China get rid of the "poor oil" hat in one fell swoop, and the picture of the Iron Man stirring mud with his body to stop the blowout is fixed in the memory of several generations of Chinese.

　　In 1976, the annual output of crude oil in Daqing Oilfield jumped to 50 million tons for the first time. Compared with the development of similar oil fields in the world at that time, the short-term stable production was 3 to 5 years and the long-term stable production was 10 to 12 years.

　　How long can Daqing Oilfield keep stable production?

　　Wu Xiaolin, chief technical expert of Daqing Oilfield, said that from 1976 to 2002, Daqing Oilfield achieved a high and stable yield of more than 50 million tons of crude oil for 27 consecutive years, creating a miracle in the development history of similar oilfields in the world.

　　Since 2003, the annual output of oil and gas equivalent in Daqing Oilfield has always remained above 40 million tons, and the old oilfield still plays a "pillar" role in energy security.

　　Strengthening by science and technology and grasping the initiative

　　"Chinese can’t develop such a complicated large oil field." At the beginning of the oil battle, some foreign experts asserted. Over the past 60 years, people in Daqing Oilfield have practiced scientific and technological self-reliance and created the world-leading development technology of continental sandstone oilfield with the spirit of "surpassing authority, predecessors and self".

Nansan Oil Depot in Daqing Oilfield. Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Jianwei photo

　　Spontaneous oil production formed by reservoir energy is usually called primary oil production, secondary oil production "squeezes out" oil by water injection, and tertiary oil production "washes out" oil by chemicals. With the continuous development of oil fields, the mining objects have changed greatly.

　　At the initial stage of development, Daqing Oilfield adopted foreign technology, and the recovery rate was less than 5% at one time. Wang Qimin, an "iron man" in the new era, boldly questioned and put forward the theory of "heterogeneous" development and the method of "efficient water injection", which greatly improved the secondary oil recovery technology and laid the foundation for the oilfield to achieve an annual output of 50 million tons of crude oil. In 2019, Wang Qimin won the honorary title of "People’s Model".

　　At the end of 1990s, when tertiary oil recovery technology was "stuck", Wu Xiaolin led the team to tackle key problems. After more than 5,600 tests, the monopoly was broken, and the oil recovery of Daqing Oilfield was improved by 14 to 20 percentage points on the basis of secondary oil recovery technology. In 2021, the unconventional oil and gas resources in Daqing Oilfield made another major breakthrough.

　　Gemee Cheng, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, said that the development history of Daqing Oilfield is a history of self-reliance and scientific and technological progress. Several generations of oil people have continued to struggle, won the national special prize for scientific and technological progress for three times, and accumulated more than 11,000 scientific and technological achievements, building the world’s largest tertiary oil production base.

　　Nowadays, the more advanced tertiary oil recovery technology has achieved breakthroughs in many aspects such as geological understanding and oil displacement mechanism in Daqing Oilfield.

　　"Iron Man" never went far.

　　Behind the breakthroughs again and again is a vivid portrayal of the Daqing spirit (Iron Man Spirit) of "patriotism, entrepreneurship, truth-seeking and dedication". Daqing Spirit (Iron Man Spirit) was first included in the spiritual pedigree of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people.

The 1205 drilling team in Daqing Oilfield carried out equipment maintenance. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Li Haiyang)

　　"When the oil workers roar, the earth will shake three times." The oil workers, represented by Wang Jinxi, fought against each other, and the word "Iron Man" became a loud expression of Chinese’s pride and self-confidence. Liu Li, the winner of "Great Country Craftsman" and an oil production worker in Daqing Oilfield, said that the times are changing and the spiritual belief of Daqing oil people "I offer oil for the motherland" has never changed.

　　Faced with foreign doubts, Wang Qimin did not believe in evil when he was young, and several people wrote a couplet — — "Don’t look at the young man, dare to laugh at the world’s first-class", and cross-criticize "here is the brave". "There are horses in the rush, and we put ‘ Ma ’ The handwriting was big and broke through ‘ Door ’ Box. " Wang Qimin said, we must blaze a world-class development path.

　　Li Xinmin, the third generation iron man in Daqing, "drove the well abroad". "Where the well hits, the iron man spirit is brought. Wherever people go, the spirit of Daqing will spread. " Li Xinmin said. The overseas market of anniversary Oilfield has expanded to more than 50 countries and regions.

　　"Be honest, tell the truth and do honest things", "Strict requirements, strict organization, serious attitude and strict discipline" — — Wang Tianyi, the birthplace of "three old four strictness" and secretary of the Party branch of No.4 Oil Production Team in the third operation area of No.1 Oil Production Plant, said that the "three old four strictness" formed in wartime is still the iron law that Daqing oil people abide by.

　　"2.5 billion tons is an important coordinate on the road to endeavor in Daqing Oilfield, and it is also a new starting point for a century-old world-class modern oilfield." Zhu Guowen, vice president of China Oil and Gas Co., Ltd. and secretary of the Party Committee of Daqing Oilfield, said. (Reporter Xiong Yanhao, Guan Jiantao, Qiang Yong, Wang He)

　　Our reporter Li Wanxiang

　　In 2017, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the State Council held high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, guided by the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, resolutely safeguarded the authority and centralized leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, resolutely implemented the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, achieved new achievements, showed a new atmosphere and achieved new results.

　　Over the past year, the State Council held 12 executive meetings to discuss and pass 12 legal bills and administrative regulations, and to examine and approve 15 legal bills and administrative regulations. In order to serve the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) was asked to amend 13 laws, 53 administrative regulations and abolish 3 administrative regulations in five batches. We have completed the special clean-up of laws, regulations and normative documents related to reform measures since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. More than 240 laws, 2,200 regulations and 88,100 normative documents have been revised and abolished. Put forward legal review opinions on more than 2,000 documents. Clean up and settle all accumulated cases of administrative reconsideration over the years. Focusing on three pilot systems: publicity of administrative law enforcement, record of the whole process of law enforcement, legal review of major law enforcement decisions, and supervision of the construction of a government ruled by law, we will promote the construction of a government ruled by law with tighter responsibilities, more practical measures and faster pace.

　　Resolutely implement the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and complete key legislative projects with high quality and efficiency.

　　Adhere to the connection between the legislative process and reform decision-making, actively adapt the legislation to the reform requirements, and follow up the government legislation wherever the reform is comprehensively deepened, serve as a whole to promote the overall layout of the "five in one" and coordinate the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress in stability, continuously improve quality and efficiency, and strive to ensure the rule of law for the overall situation of reform, development and stability.

　　First, in order to meet the requirements of the new normal of economic development, implement the new development concept, and promote high-quality economic development, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) is requested to review the tobacco tax law, the decision to extend the pilot period of rural contracted land management rights and mortgage loans for farmers’ housing property rights in some areas, the decision to set up a port at Tiexi Jiulong Station of Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong High-speed Railway to implement the cooperative arrangement of "one place, two inspections", formulate regulations on supervision and management of financing guarantee companies, investigate and deal with unlicensed operations, amend the provisional regulations on value-added tax, and abolish the provisional regulations on business tax. Second, in order to protect and improve people’s livelihood, improve the ecological environment, prosper culture and promote social harmony and stability, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) is requested to review the draft law on public libraries, formulate regulations on disability prevention and rehabilitation of the disabled, regulations on voluntary service, regulations on the implementation of the environmental protection tax law, and amend administrative regulations such as regulations on education for the disabled, regulations on land acquisition compensation and resettlement for large and medium-sized water conservancy and hydropower projects. Third, in order to ensure the reform of the army and the armed police force and safeguard national security, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) was requested to consider a draft decision on temporarily adjusting and applying relevant laws and regulations during the reform of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, formulate detailed rules for the implementation of the anti-espionage law, and revise the regulations on civilian personnel of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army and other administrative regulations. Fourth, in order to standardize administrative actions and strengthen the government’s self-construction, the regulations on the management of buildings and halls built by government agencies and groups, the regulations on the implementation of statistical law, and the regulations on the procedures for formulating administrative regulations, rules and regulations and other administrative regulations have been revised. The fifth is to promote and guarantee according to law.Streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services "reform, submitted to the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) in two batches for consideration of a package of amendments to laws, 13 laws were amended, 53 administrative regulations were amended in three batches, and 3 were abolished. Sixth, in order to promote the construction of new international relations, build a community of human destiny, and actively promote the "Belt and Road" international cooperation, 14 international treaties including the border defense cooperation agreement of the member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization were reviewed and completed. In addition, it also cooperated with relevant parties of the National People’s Congress to review draft laws such as the General Principles of Civil Law, the Law on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, the Law on Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution, the Law on Enterprise Income Tax, the Law on the Red Cross Society, and the Law on Electronic Commerce.

　　Conscientiously implement the strategic plan of the Party Central Committee to comprehensively govern the country according to law and solidly promote the construction of a government ruled by law.

　　In order to adapt to the new situation and new tasks of comprehensively promoting the rule of law and speeding up the construction of a government ruled by law, it is more important and prominent to promote the construction of a government ruled by law in view of the weak links such as inadequate implementation of responsibilities and uneven development. First, give full play to the important role of the inspector baton. The State Council Legislative Affairs Office carefully studied and formulated the work plan for the supervision of the construction of a government ruled by law. With the approval of the State Council, it implemented the combination of written supervision and on-the-spot supervision, comprehensive supervision and key supervision, which not only supervised tasks, progress and effectiveness, but also observed understanding, responsibility and style. While conducting written inspections on the construction of government ruled by law in 82 localities and departments, the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council went to five provinces (regions) to conduct on-the-spot inspections. The second is to solidly promote the "three systems" pilot of administrative law enforcement. The publicity of administrative law enforcement, the record of the whole process of law enforcement and the legal review of major law enforcement decisions are the three most important and key links in administrative law enforcement, which have a holistic, basic and breakthrough driving role in promoting strict, standardized, fair and civilized law enforcement. According to the requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the decision of the State Council, the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council led the organization to carry out the "three systems" pilot in 32 localities and departments, and achieved remarkable results. The third is to increase publicity and promote the construction of a government ruled by law to be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Participate in the preparation of the special political commentary film "Carry out the Reform to the End", "China ruled by law" and the large-scale achievement exhibition "Five Years of Striving for Progress" to fully display the achievements and highlights of the construction of a government ruled by law;Chen Yanli and Wu Hua, the first-line legal cadres in the construction of a government ruled by law, were elected as the top ten legal figures in the country in 2017, which conveyed the positive energy of the rule of law; Open a column of "Building a Government under the Rule of Law" in the China Municipal Government Legal Information Network, comprehensively publicize and introduce the good practices and typical experiences of various localities and departments, and demonstrate the exemplary role. The fourth is to promote the provincial governments to disclose the annual report on the construction of a government ruled by law to the public. Urge local governments to make public the annual report on the construction of a government under the rule of law in a timely manner, reprint the annual reports published by provincial governments on the China Municipal Government Legal Information Network, show the effectiveness of the construction of a government under the rule of law, and promote the construction of a government under the rule of law to speed up and increase efficiency through mass supervision and social supervision.

　　Strengthen the cleaning and filing review of regulatory documents, and earnestly safeguard the unity, dignity and authority of the national legal system.

　　In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the reform decisions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and ensure the full and correct implementation of national laws and regulations, we will further intensify the clean-up work and filing review. First, in order to resolutely implement the spirit of the decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to deal with the ecological environment destruction in Gansu Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve, we immediately organized various regions and departments to carry out ecological civilization construction and clean up local laws, regulations and normative documents on environmental protection. By the end of 2017, various regions and departments had revised and abolished more than 200 local regulations, more than 260 regulations and more than 9,100 normative documents. Second, in order to ensure the effective implementation of the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform measures in accordance with the law, all localities and departments were organized to carry out the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform and special clean-up of regulations and normative documents that restricted the development of new kinetic energy. By the end of 2017, more than 1,900 regulations and 79,000 normative documents had been revised and abolished by various regions and departments, and the special clean-up of more than 750 existing effective administrative regulations had been completed. Third, in order to effectively implement the requirements of "everything must be examined, everything must be prepared, and mistakes must be corrected", a special review was carried out on departmental regulations involving the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, and relevant departments were urged to amend and abolish 25; Carry out a special review of local government regulations involving "taking the audit results as the basis for the completion and settlement of government-invested construction projects" and urge local governments to amend and abolish 15;Concentrate on organizing a centralized review of 1693 laws and regulations formulated in 2016, entrust experts to assist in reviewing 740 laws and regulations formulated in the first half of 2017, and timely classify and deal with the problems found. Through the record review, the unity of the national legal system and the smooth implementation of government decrees have been effectively maintained.

　　All the backlog cases of administrative reconsideration decisions were settled, and the guidance and supervision of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation work throughout the country were continuously strengthened.

　　In recent years, the number of cases applying for administrative reconsideration decisions in the State Council has increased rapidly year by year. The Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council has made great efforts to overcome the difficulty of too many cases, implemented the requirements of the Central Inspection Team in October 2016, and made 2017 the "year of clearing up the accumulated cases of administrative reconsideration decisions". A total of 5,638 cases of administrative reconsideration decisions were settled in the whole year, and the backlog of cases for many years has all been settled, achieving the goal of clearing. In the process of handling cases, notification, interviews and error correction have been intensified in places where common problems and illegal situations are prominent. Strengthen the guidance and supervision of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation work of various departments in various regions, guide and promote the reform of the administrative reconsideration system centered on "centralized administrative reconsideration responsibilities", and accumulate valuable experience for further promoting the reform of the administrative reconsideration system in 2018.

　　Do a solid job in the legal review before the introduction of major reform decisions, and be responsible for the legal system for the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.

　　The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the legality review of major reform decisions, repeatedly stressed that major reforms should be based on laws, and most of the relevant decisions required the the State Council Legislative Affairs Office to conduct legal review before they were issued. The Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council went all out to handle more than 2,000 such cases in 2017, of which more than 200 were instructed by leading comrades of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. The legitimacy review of major reform decisions involves major reform issues in all aspects, with strong political sensitivity, complex legal relationship, high social concern, pressing time and great difficulty. The Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council attaches great importance to it ideologically, and devotes about half of its efforts to accomplish this important task, making efforts to put forward opinions and suggestions in a down-to-earth and meticulous manner, dutifully, carefully and steadily, and ensuring that the relevant reform decision-making authority, procedures and contents are legal, and that all reforms are always comprehensively promoted on the track of the rule of law.

　　Efforts will be made to promote publicity and research on the rule of law and exchanges with foreign countries on the rule of law, and vigorously promote the road, theory, system and culture of the rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　First, strengthen the research on the theory and practice of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s rule of law, organize forces to take the initiative to speak out in the central media and new media, publicize the achievements of comprehensively administering the country according to law, and refute the thoughts and tendencies of "westernization of the rule of law" such as "western constitutionalism", "separation of powers", "judicial independence" and "multiparty politics". Do a good job in legislative propaganda, publicize and interpret the newly issued administrative regulations in the form of the person in charge of the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council answering a reporter’s question, invite experts and scholars to write interpretation articles, and promote the whole society to respect the law-abiding usage of the law. Hundreds of articles on theory, propaganda and interpretation were published throughout the year. Second, actively carry out Sino-German and China-EU "dialogue on the rule of law", successfully hold the 17th legal seminar of Sino-German dialogue on countries ruled by law and the 2nd China-EU legal affairs dialogue, adapt to the requirements of the times when China is approaching the center of the world stage and actively participating in the formulation of international rules, spread the idea and voice of the rule of law in China to the world, and expand the influence and appeal of the rule of law in China. Third, through the legal information network of China government, the brilliant achievements of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s rule of law construction are displayed, and the publicity of rule of law is organically combined with online law popularization.

　　There must be a new pattern in the new era and a new struggle for new goals. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council will thoroughly study, publicize and implement Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era and the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, resolutely implement the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, promote the better and faster development of the government’s legal work, and provide a strong legal guarantee for the decisive victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way and starting a new journey of building a socialist modernized country in an all-round way.

　　On October 5th, while others were still enjoying the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holiday, a group of young people in Chongzhou, Chengdu were not idle. They shuttled between rice fields, were busy among grain piles, and used drones to measure the land that was about to be sown … … Not only that, they also brought their planting experience to Dazhou to help local farmers increase production and income.

　　A guy with 8 years of drone driving experience.

　　Nowadays, farmland is measured by flight trajectory.

　　At 8 o’clock on the morning of October 5th, Zhou Jiaxi checked his UAV equipment and went to a farmland in Chongzhou to start his day’s work. He is a member of Xinxin Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Wan Mao, chongzhou city (hereinafter referred to as the cooperative), and his daily work is dealing with various UAVs. At the age of 24, he has about 8 years of flying experience. "I was curious at first, and then I gradually developed into my own career." Zhou Jiaxi told reporters.

　　On this day, Zhou Jiaxi’s job was to measure the area of a farmland, and he completed the measurement task of 800 mu of land in just one morning without using measuring tools such as tape measure. "Operate the drone and fly around the edge of the plot, and then the system will calculate the land area according to the flight trajectory of the drone." Zhou Jiaxi told reporters that the reason for measuring the area is that wheat planting is about to begin, and it is necessary to measure the area of land newly joined in the cooperative to facilitate the application of base fertilizer later.

　　According to Zhou Jiaxi, the area measurement on that day was only a small part of his daily work. He participated in the traditional process of planting crops, including sowing, transplanting, spraying, harvesting and then drying and warehousing, but most of the work could be done by drones. "When it comes to busy farming season, such as sowing seeds and spraying drugs, we basically set off at 6 o’clock in the morning every day, and then we have been working in the field until 7 or 8 o’clock in the evening. Basically, drones are flying in the sky and we are chasing on the ground." Zhou Jiaxi said, "After a busy day, I can fall asleep when I get home with a pillow."

　　On the National Day this year, Zhou Jiaxi came to work in the cooperative for just three years. Three years ago, like many young people, he wanted to leave the countryside and develop in the city. "Born in the countryside and influenced by his parents since childhood, he felt that when he grew up, he could no longer face the loess like his parents, and he wanted to develop in the city. Later, after graduating from technical school, he did work hard in Shenzhen for a while." Zhou Jiaxi said that after seeing the cooperative recruiting drone drivers, he returned to Chengdu to work in the farmland of Chongzhou.

　　"Our cooperative has more tasks all year round. Our drone drivers get paid according to their performance. I can get about 150,000 yuan a year, even a little more than my income in Shenzhen." Zhou Jiaxi told reporters that in addition, working hours in cooperatives are relatively free, and they are close to home. "After work, I can take time to go home to spend time with my family. I think it is also good to develop in rural areas."

　　Talking about his future plans, Zhou Jiaxi said that he wanted to learn more about the farming experience of modern agriculture in the cooperative, and when he accumulated to a certain extent, he would also contract a piece of land to grow crops.

　　The average age of cooperative members is only 26.

　　Serve about 40,000 mu of grain fields

　　In the cooperative, there are also a group of like-minded young people like Zhou Jiaxi. Shu Xingyu, the chairman of the cooperative, told reporters that since its establishment, their cooperative has grown to 21 members, and their average age is only 26 years old.

　　According to reports, cooperatives mainly provide agricultural mechanization services, including machine tillage, machine insertion, drone spraying, machine harvesting and drying. At present, there are more than 80 agricultural machines and tools serving about 40,000 mu of grain fields. Shu Xingyu said: "My university studied communication engineering. After working outside for several years, I learned that there is still a lot of room for development in agriculture in my hometown. So I returned to Chongzhou in 2019, expanded my scale a little bit, and set up a cooperative." After the establishment of the cooperative, it attracted more and more young people like Zhou Jiaxi to return to their hometowns for development. "In May this year, we recruited several newly graduated students, some from Xichang and some from Panzhihua, the youngest of whom just turned 20." Shu Xingyu said, "Some of this group of people in our cooperative are all-rounders, and basically all agricultural machinery can be used, while others specialize in one direction, just to provide better services."

　　While many people around us are enjoying the Mid-Autumn National Day holiday, they are busy harvesting millet and drying rice. "In the recent harvest of rice, we have to dry it day and night. This state lasts for about 60 days every year. During this time, an average of 500 tons of rice is dried every day." Shu Xingyu said.

　　20-hour round-trip technical guidance Chairman: I hope to help more areas realize mechanized production.

　　The business scope of cooperatives is not limited to Chengdu. This Mid-Autumn National Day holiday, Shu Xingyu took two cooperative members to Dazhou City to give technical guidance to Mr. Huang who wanted to develop mechanized agriculture. "We drove from Chongzhou at 6 o’clock in the morning, arrived in Dazhou at 10 o’clock, and then returned to Chongzhou until 7 o’clock in the afternoon. As a result, there was a traffic jam on the road and we arrived home at 2 o’clock in the morning." Shu Xingyu said, "The reason why I have to come back overnight is because the cooperative has a lot of work and cannot be delayed."

　　The situation in Dazhou is different from that in Chengdu, and the operation mode of agricultural mechanization is also slightly different. "At present, Mr. Huang has only contracted more than 1,000 mu of land in the local area. At the beginning of this year, we were invited to give him technical guidance and found that our existing operation mode needs to be slightly adjusted to adapt to it." Shu Xingyu said, "For example, using a rice transplanter to transplant rice seedlings, the local farmland is full of water, and the rice transplanter can easily sink into the soil and can’t move forward, so we will use the drone to sow seeds instead."

　　Although the final effect of drone seeding is not as good as that of rice transplanter, the advantage is that the requirements for farmland are not as high as that of rice transplanter. Shu Xingyu said: "This is also a sowing method that we have just started to experiment. The yield is slightly lower than that of rice transplanters, but the advantage is that it can be operated in a better scale and mechanization." With their help, many abandoned land in the local area has also begun to glow.

　　Talking about the future plans, Shu Xingyu told reporters: "I hope that I can help more individuals and regions realize mechanized production on the basis of constantly improving my agricultural services." Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star Journalist Ye Yan Yan Xiaofeng

[Editor’s note]Zhao Yi, a historian in the Qing Dynasty, believed that there were only two forms of the Yi Dynasty: "In ancient times, there were only two rounds of punishment and abdication." Although there were legends of Yao and Shun abdicating in ancient times, the truly successful "abdication" in history did not appear until "Cao Wei replaced Han". Professor Zhu Ziyan, Department of History of Shanghai University, called "Cao Wei replaced Han Dynasty" as "Zen Dynasty". He believes that "Zen generation" is essentially a combination of "abdication" and "punishment". From the objective effect, Zen generation has caused less social unrest and paid less social cost, which is worthy of recognition. Examining the rise and fall of Zen politics can also reflect the operation track of China’s imperial power politics from one side.

Why did "Cao Wei replaced Han" happen at the time of Cao Pi? Being both "Zen Dynasties", why did Sima Dai Wei leave more stigma in history than Cao Wei Dai Han? Why did the "Zen generation" decline after the Song Dynasty? The Paper interviewed Professor Zhu Ziyan from the History Department of Shanghai University and asked him to talk about the above issues.

Professor Zhu ziyan

The Paper:In ancient times, there were legends of Yao and Shun abdicating, but the truly successful "abdication" in history did not appear until "Cao Wei replaced Han Dynasty". You call "Cao Wei replaced Han" Zen generation, so what’s the difference between "Zen generation" and "abdication"?

Zhu Ziyan:Zhao Yi, a historian in the Qing Dynasty, believed that there were only two forms of the Yi Dynasty: "In ancient times, there were only two rounds of punishment and abdication." "Expropriation and punishment" is full of violence and justice. From the Tang-Wu Revolution to the new-democratic revolution in modern history, it is better. And "abdication" is a non-violent peaceful transition between tribes in pre-Qin society. In ancient times, there were legends about the demise of Yao and Shun, but they were largely false. What happened in history is more "Zen generation". "Zen generation" is essentially a combination of "abdication" and "punishment". The real Zen generation began in "Cao Wei replaced Han Dynasty", and all the Zen generations before that failed.

Let’s talk about abdication first. At the time of Yao and Shun, the country had not yet formed, and it belonged to the tribal alliance under the premise of public ownership and implemented military democracy. Even if there is a "abdication" system between Yao and Shun, it is also the replacement of tribal chiefs. Now, there are many problems in the records of Yao and Shun in the literature. For example, according to Records of the Five Emperors, Yao and Shun’s reign as ancient sages was too long to be doubted, and according to Han Feizi and other documents, there was no abdication system in ancient times. Shun imprisoned Yao to seize his position, and in his later years, Shun was exiled by Yu. However, later generations of Han Confucianism yearned for the abdication system in ancient times and praised it as the best way to change dynasties. In fact, it is because Confucianism, starting from the theory of "Five Virtues at the End", hopes that the form of regime change will be more in line with the norms of public affairs and moralization, so it is committed to sanctifying Yao and Shun’s abdication model.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, private ownership came into being, and the "state" as a form of political power has been formed. If we want to "honor the ancients" and implement the abdication system at this time, it is difficult to work. The prince of Yan abdicated the throne to his son, but he soon failed under the interference of Qi. After Shang Yang’s political reform, Qin Xiaogong once thought that Zen was located in Shang Yang, but Shang Yang probably knew himself and didn’t accept it. Although Qin Xiaogong was out of the "public interest", his move actually harmed Shang Yang. In addition, in the process of Shang Yang’s political reform, the two teachers of Prince Shang were severely punished, so the Prince acceded to the throne and became the queen of Qin Hui, splitting Shang Yang’s car. In my opinion, the death of Shang Yang was not entirely caused by political reform, but probably had a lot to do with Qin Xiaogong’s willingness to "surrender" before.

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang took advantage of "abdication", "the coexistence of five virtues" and "the theory of divination" to become emperor, which was an attempt in the unified dynasty and an all-round practice of the abdication system in ancient society. The complete set of etiquette and process of abdication was fully formed in Wang Mang’s Han Dynasty. In my opinion, the abdication system must be investigated together with the Nine Tin System. According to the Book of Rites, Jiuxi is a chariot, horse, clothes, musical instrument, Zhu Hu, Na Bi, Tiger Ben, axe, bow and arrow, and a scorpion. Cao Cao received the Nine Tin, and Cao Pi finally completed the Zen generation. Therefore, the final establishment of the Nine Tin system and the Zen generation system should be the period when Cao Cao received the Nine Tin system and Cao Pi received the Zen.

Zhao Yi stated in the special article "Nine Xiwen" in his Notes on the Twenty-two History: "Before the Zen Dynasty, there must be nine Xiwen, which always narrates the achievements of his people, and he was given special gifts when he entered the country, also starting from Cao Cao. According to the press, Wang Mang’s usurpation of the throne has already been accepted by Jiu Xi, but his writing is only more than 500 words, which is not the format of Pan Xu’s writing for Cao Cao. " Later, the system of abdication became more and more formulaic, and it was only after the courtesy was comprehensive that the people who had received Nine Tin became quasi-emperors. The objects rewarded by Nine Tin went far beyond the scope of people and ministers, and were basically used exclusively by the emperor. Although Wang Mang was influenced by Jiu Xi and Zen Buddhism, the restoration of the Liu family in the Western Han Dynasty was powerful, and Liu Xuan, Liu Xiu and others played the banner of Zhongxing Han Dynasty. In addition, Wang Mang’s improper restructuring led to boiling public resentment. Wang Mang soon failed, and the new dynasty he built failed to be recognized by the world. The new Mang regime was defined as a pseudo-regime by later generations, that is, Wang Mang was a lone husband and a thief, who stole the Heaven.

To sum up the differences between abdication and Zen, there are at least three points: first, abdication takes place under the premise of "public world" and is a meditation between people; The Zen generation is based on the premise of "home in the world" and is a meditation between dynasties. Second, the ancient Zen position, taking the world as the public, selecting talents and abilities; In the Medieval Zen Dynasty, it was replaced by "Zen", that is, in the name of false abdication, and the transfer of monarch and minister from one surname to another was completed. Thirdly, "Zen position" means that the Zen monarch gives the throne to the Zen recipient on his own initiative; The "Zen generation" means that the latter forces the former to meditate, the latter takes the initiative and the former is passive.

The Paper:When Cao Cao started his army in the dying days of the Han Dynasty, his literary and martial arts were the best in the world, which was enough to be the emperor on behalf of the Han Dynasty. But why did Cao Wei take the place of the Han Dynasty?

Zhu Ziyan:Although Cao Pi was the protagonist of Cao Wei’s generation in the Han Dynasty, the whole incident went through three generations: Cao Pi consolidated the foundation of the generation in the Han Dynasty, Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor in the generation in the Han Dynasty, and Cao Rui stabilized the political power. These three stages were indispensable and complemented each other. Three Cao’s decision-making in different stages played an important role in the occurrence, development and completion of Zen, which was interlocking, gradual and steady.

Statue of Cao Cao in Wei Wudi Square, Xuchang, Henan.

Although the power to replace the Eastern Han Dynasty during the Han and Wei Dynasties was countless, the resistance of the Han Dynasty was very great. As Mr. Tian Yuqing said: "In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Confucianism was taught by benevolence, righteousness, holiness and dharma, and its atmosphere was profound, which also influenced the mentality and behavior of the scholar-bureaucrat class, the representative of the aristocratic family. They took it as their duty to support the endless Eastern Han regime, making it very difficult to change the dynasty. The emergence of Wei, Shu, and Wu countries did not mean that the powerful ministers took advantage of the situation and hastily added their titles, but went through a long gestation process. This is why Jian ‘an’s administration lasted for more than twenty years. " The Han Dynasty has a history of more than 400 years. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, although the Han family declined, it was still sacred and orthodox. The Confucian tradition in the Han Dynasty was deeply rooted in the ruling and opposition parties, and Lun Jigang was often transformed into customs. It was extremely difficult to completely destroy it and replace it. This is why Cao Cao did not dare to replace the Han Dynasty. Does Cao Cao really not want to be the emperor? No, he sighed before he died: "If the destiny is in me, I will be Zhou Wenwang." Cao Cao compared himself to Zhou Wenwang, so his son is Zhou Wuwang. Mr. Jian Bozan said, "Cao Cao wears the imperial robe as a shirt." Liu Bei and Sun Quan are far from Cao Cao in qualifications and strength, so Cao Cao does not claim to be the emperor, and no one dares to act rashly. Cao Cao was very cautious about transporting the Han Ding and had a clear understanding of the strength of supporting the Han Dynasty. Yin Jian Dong Zhuo, Yuan Shu, Liu Biao and others learned the lesson that if he rashly proclaimed himself, he would put himself on the fire, so he would never be fooled by Sun Quan.

By Cao Pi’s generation, the time was ripe for the generation of Han. He used divination, yin and yang and five elements to prove that it was in line with his destiny to proclaim himself emperor. Emperor Han offered several Zen positions, and Cao Pi refused several times in a pretentious way. Later, he was promoted to the ninth five-year plan position by creating public opinion. Cao Pi’s process of calling himself emperor is a subtle imitation of Yao Shun’s abdication. After he acceded to the throne, he sighed: "I know about Shun Yu!" What this means is that Yao and Shun’s story in ancient times was illusory, and his meditation ceremony was not clear. Now, Yao and Shun’s meditation has become a reality by imitating Yao and Shun’s story. Cao Pi’s imitation of Yao and Shun’s demise is all-round. Legend has it that after Shun ascended the throne, he married Yao’s two daughters, E Huang and Nv Ying. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he also married two daughters of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. On this issue, historians of later generations have criticized it a lot, thinking that Cao Pi’s marrying his nephew with his uncle is a trip of courtesy and lewdness. In my opinion, in order to make the Zen generation of Han and Wei dynasties more realistic and complete, Cao Pi rebelled against the traditional ethics, and it was the political need of the Zen generation of Han and Wei dynasties to marry his uncle, which had little to do with personal quality and could not be treated with secular courtesy.

The Paper:It is also a "Zen generation". Why does "Sima Dai Wei" have more stigma in history than "Cao Wei Dai Han"?

Zhu Ziyan:There are many people who study the history of the first three countries, but relatively speaking, the study of the history of the last three countries is a little weak. This unbalanced situation has caused people to ignore the achievements of Sima, who unified the three countries, and the "Sima Dai Wei" has a tendency to be stigmatized.

Throughout the ages, most people have criticized Sima’s establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, and I think the key issue lies in his "replacement of Wei". Cao Cao has long been regarded as a "Han thief" because of his "generation of Han". It was not until 1959 that Guo Moruo reversed Cao Cao’s conviction that Cao Cao’s image was changed. Traditional ethics leads people to equate "Zen position" with "usurping the throne", but they agree that the regime seized by force is legal, reasonable and justified.

There is a reason why Sima Yi replaced Wei and Cao Cao replaced Han. Zhao Yiyun: "After fighting in the Han Dynasty, I tried to levy management, extended the Han Dynasty for more than 20 years, and then replaced it." In Zhao Yi’s view, Cao Cao contributed to the continuation of the dying Han Dynasty for decades. He went on to say: "Sima’s power was stolen, an emperor was abolished, and an emperor was killed, and his position was seized. Compared with Cao Cao, his merits and sins are not the same."

In fact, the transition from Cao Wei to Han Dynasty was not entirely peaceful. Cao Cao mobilized troops to destroy Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu, Lu Bu, Liu Biao, Tao Qian, Zhang Xiu, Zhang Lu and many other governors, and his martial arts were brilliant. The generation of Han still had the meaning of "imposing punishment". However, Cao Shi always believed that "imposing punishment" could gain actual power, but it was difficult to gain legitimacy in the Han Dynasty when the Confucian tradition was deeply immersed, so he used the method of "Zen generation" to avoid the risk that the world regarded it as "usurping the throne". Facts have proved that only by combining the two means of imposing punishment and abdicating is Zen generation. Sima’s problem is precisely the lack of "punishment" in the process of gaining power. In terms of "martial arts", Sima Yi only pacified the mediocre Meng Da and Gongsun Yuan in Liaodong, and barely drew a tie with Zhuge Liang, the arch rival, far less than Cao Cao’s efforts to clean up the mess in the Eastern Han Dynasty and pacify various governors, and three-thirds of the world has its own brilliant martial arts.

Without outstanding military achievements, the "Zen generation" will lack social influence and recognition, and it will also lack prestige above the imperial court; On the other hand, if there is only "punishment" without "abdication", it will not occupy the commanding heights of Confucianism ethics and morality, and it will easily be classified as "usurping power". By the way, why can’t Zhuge Liang "replace" Liu Chan? I think it was also because of its defeat in the Northern Expedition and its failure to meet the political demand of "imposing punishment" because of "reviving the Han Dynasty".

The Paper:How do you evaluate Sima’s Zen generation? Is there any merit in this peaceful way of power change?

Zhu Ziyan:Wei in Sima Dynasty was actually caused by three generations of baton of Sima family. After Sima Yi’s death, Sima Shi came to power, which abolished Cao Fang and put down the chaos of Wu Qiujian, further consolidating his power. And Si Mazhao played a more critical role. Although Si Mazhao has a bad reputation, he has been notorious for his "Heart of Si Mazhao". But this man has actually made great contributions to the world: his revised Jin Law is more lenient than the criminal law of Han Law; He also abolished the people’s villages and released the state tenant farmers; Ping Huainan rebellion, don’t kill Wu Jun prisoners, daxing benevolent government. Judging from the trend of historical development, Si Mazhao’s destruction of Shu inherited Cao Cao’s career, and he ended the situation of the Three Kingdoms, laying the foundation for the cause of reunification. In the late Three Kingdoms period, it would be impossible to achieve national reunification quickly without such outstanding politicians and strategists as Si Mazhao. He spoke highly of Sima’s achievements in unifying the whole country. He said: "Except for the great harm of the Three Kingdoms, the dispute at the end of the Jing and Han Dynasties, and the obscurity of the nine realms, all the people who have made great contributions for thousands of years are Sima." Looking at the history of the Three Kingdoms, this view of Xi’s is indeed the theory of China. Although Hui Di and Jia Hou appeared in the late Western Jin Dynasty, which led to the rebellion of eight kings and five wanton China, this account could not be blamed on Sima Yi. Is it necessary for Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding king, to bear the crime of national subjugation of Emperor Chongzhen in the late Ming Dynasty?

Stills of Sima Yi’s Alliance of Military Strategists

To discuss the "Zen generation" in ancient China, we need to consider the division of stages. Although "Cao Wei replaced Han Dynasty" was the initiator, it was "Sima Wei" who really inherited and fixed "Zen Dynasty" as a form of dynasty change. After that, China entered the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and all dynasty changes adopted "Zen Dynasty", including the Southern Dynasties, the Song Dynasties, Qi Liang Chen; Northern Dynasties, Eastern Wei and Northern Qi Dynasties; In the Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasties, and then to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, "even Tang Gaozu started with a levy, but also took the place of Wang Zhichan, and Zhu Wen started with a thief, but also took the place of mourning for the emperor." (Zhao Yiyu) The world has fully accepted this paradigm of power transfer, and it has become a conventional way to change generations.

From "Cao Wei replaced Han Dynasty" to "Sima Wei Dynasty", the emperors of the new dynasty treated the former emperors with Yu Bin. According to ancient stories, the two sides of Zen were the kings of Yao and Shun, so the new monarch treated the Zen officials with the courtesy of national guests: the Zen monarch refused to be a vassal, was not worshipped by the imperial edict, and prepared a five-hour car. The ceremony of worshipping the ancestors of the former emperors in the suburbs was feasible, and his own title could still be used in the feudal country. Although the Zen monarch was supervised by someone, he eventually died. But in the Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty, great changes took place. Soon after Emperor Wu of Song ascended the throne, he killed Sima Dewen, the Jin Emperor who was in Zen. After Emperor Wu of Song, all those who accept Zen will surely destroy the whole family of Zen practitioners.

Why did Emperor Wu of Liu set a precedent for killing Zen monarchs? There is no historical data to prove it. I consider whether it can be analyzed from the background of the times and the origin of Emperor Wu of Song. The gentry in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties were powerful and monopolized the political power. Even though commoners entered the top of the ruling group by virtue of military achievements, he even became the ninth five-year plan, he still had to share the world with the gentry. Emperor Wu of song was born in poverty and was a martial artist. He was once despised by the gentry represented by Wang and Xie because of his low cultural level. Although he made great strides in the Northern Expedition and gained a high reputation among the people, in the eyes of the gentry, he had not established enough "moral aspirations" to obtain the qualification of abdication. Cao Shi and Sima Shi both managed two or three generations to have enough political background. However, since Emperor Wu of Song destroyed Huan Xuan in 404 AD and proclaimed himself emperor in 420, there was only a short period of 16 years between them, far from the word "management", and the sons of Emperor Wu of Song may not be able to control the whole situation as Xelloss, Sima Shi and Si Mazhao did, which forced him to Zen in his lifetime. Emperor Wu of song proclaimed himself emperor, which was also caused by historical opportunities. Because of his weak political foundation, he could not get the strong support of the aristocratic men. In order to prevent the restoration of the Jin emperor, he was killed to make him unpopular.

Although Emperor Wu of Song was cruel and bloody, he was confined to the palace and had little influence on society. I think the most successful thing in the Zen Dynasty is that Zhao Kuangyin built the Song Dynasty. Zhao Kuangyin’s mutiny in Chen Qiao almost replaced the regime of the Hou Zhou Dynasty without bloodshed. Chen Qiao mutiny, there is not much movement, the army didn’t kill a person, shops open as usual, Kaifeng city as before. In the state of social stability and not disturbing people’s lives, Emperor Gong abdicated next week, and Zhao Kuangyin ascended the pole, completing the Zen Dynasty in Zhou and Song Dynasties.

The paradigm of "Zen generation" is worthy of recognition, because "Zen generation" realized the transfer of political power between different surnames in a relatively peaceful way, avoiding the sword shadow of coup and the millions of corpses and bloodshed caused by war. The Zen dynasty greatly reduced the social cost of indiscriminate slaughter, productivity damage, death and injury of the people, etc. What’s more, in the Confucian context, "Zen generation" is more in line with the spirit of benevolent governance and the principle of etiquette in ancient China.

The Paper:It has been circulating in history that Sima Yi was considered as a "wolf looking after the prime minister" long before the Wei Dynasty. Is the formation of these rumors related to the generation of Wei?

Zhu Ziyan:It is also the Ding Ge of the Yi Dynasty. Later generations have completely different opinions on Liu Bang, who won the world through "imposing punishment", and Sima Shi, who died in Wei Chengjin through Zen. Perhaps Sima’s "Sanma in the same slot" and "Wolf in the same position" are far less authoritative, orthodox and convincing than Liu Bang’s "Chi Di’s son beheaded the white emperor" and "Long Zhun and Long Yan". But "the wolf cares about the phase" may also be another manifestation of the divine right of the imperial power. Dolf Steinberger, a British scholar, pointed out: "Even usurpers, after seizing power, often strive to seek legitimacy for their regime in order to strengthen their dominant position. This effort to rationalize, moralize and justify the usurped power, whether successful or not, reveals the criteria for judging legitimacy in a specific social culture." I think that the maker of "Wolf Gu Xiang" may subjectively demonstrate the rationality of Sima’s winning the world, but it backfired, which objectively led to the stigma of Sima’s winning the world.

Stills of Sima Yi’s Alliance of Military Strategists

In fact, Sima Yi was not the only one who took care of the wolf during the Han and Wei Dynasties. Even Zhuge Liang, who was praised by later generations as the embodiment of wisdom, the model of morality and the standard of loyalty, was also accused by Li Miao, the official of Shu Han Dynasty, of taking care of the wolf, and asked the empress Liu to govern the country as soon as possible and get rid of the control of the powerful ministers. However, in the History of the Three Kingdoms, it is recorded that Zhuge Liang is "eight feet long and has a great appearance", which seems to have nothing to do with "Wolf Gu Xiang" and there is a huge contradiction. Why is Zhuge Liang’s "wolf looks after the phase" rarely known by the world? I think this has a lot to do with the Five Elements. Many annals in the twenty-fourth history have compiled the Five Elements Annals as an important part of the annals. The main purpose of Five Elements Records is to carry forward Dong Zhongshu’s theory of "the connection between heaven and man", that is, the astronomical phenomena must correspond to personnel, and the Five Elements Records only records what has been fulfilled, and those that have not been fulfilled will be ignored by the Five Elements Records. Zhuge Liang did not replace Liu Chan as the emperor, so there will be no corresponding records in the Five Elements Records. Searching the history books, we found that many auguries, rumors and nursery rhymes were closely related to the rulers, the fate of emperors and the general trend of the world, which reflected the views of the imperial court and ordinary people to some extent.

Prophecy ballads (including rumors in the form of folk songs and nursery rhymes) should be everywhere, and nursery rhymes compiled in the Five Elements Records of the Han Dynasty should be a small part left after selection and editing. Historians choose these nursery rhymes because of their relevance to major historical events or figures, and because of the efficacy of their fables. Children’s rhymes that have not been fulfilled are just rumors and myths, and they can’t be regarded as prophecies. Sima Yi’s "Wolf takes care of each other" and "Sanma eats the same food in the same trough" are the fulfillment of nursery rhymes. In order to make nursery rhymes more authoritative, historians transferred this prediction to Cao Cao. Cao Cao and Sima Yi, as heavyweights in Wei and Jin Dynasties, were the kings of Zhao Ji in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and the augury rumors circulating on them naturally spread like wildfire and spread to later generations.

The positioning of "Wolf Gu" has plunged Sima Yi into a hopeless situation, so this issue must be re-examined. When Sima Yi first entered the Cao Cao shogunate, he was only an insignificant literary secretary. How can Cao Cao travel through time and space? As early as decades ago, he realized that Sima Yi was "ambitious" and "concerned about the wolf", and dreamed that "Sanma was in the same boat", and even solemnly told Cao Pi: "Sima Yi is not a human minister, and he must anticipate your family affairs." It can be seen that these are all false fabrications.

I think the compilation of the Book of Jin was deeply influenced by the ideology in the early Tang Dynasty, especially the "Zhi Yue" in the Book of Jin Xuandi Ji was written by Emperor Taizong, who spoke highly of Wei Wudi and severely criticized Sima Yi’s fraudulent guess, so the possibility of beautifying and mythologizing Cao Cao in the Book of Jin Xuandi Ji was not ruled out. The best way to mythologize Cao Cao is to fabricate Cao Cao’s great talent and insight, and he has long observed that Sima Yi has a "wolf-like attitude". Liu Zhiji thinks that the Book of Jin quotes a lot of folk tales of Machamp’s disorderly gods in You Ming Lu and Sou Shen Ji, which undermines the objectivity and authority of the official history, so he has a very low evaluation of the Book of Jin.

The Paper:When did Zen begin to decline? Why was there no such form of power transfer after the Song Dynasty?

Zhu Ziyan:The politics of Zen declined gradually after the Song Dynasty, mainly because the social soil that produced the powerful ministers no longer existed. From the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Five Dynasties, it was the powerful minister who posed the greatest threat to the imperial power. Once there was a bad monarch and a mediocre master, or the world was in turmoil, on the basis of relying on the emperor and repeatedly building meritorious military service, the powerful military power was the backing, and the Zen generation became the emperor by forcing nine tin. As An Chongrong of the Five Dynasties said: "The son of heaven, those who are strong in Ma Zhuang should do it. Why not have seed?" On the surface, the Zen dynasty seems to be a peaceful transfer of power between the old and new dynasties, but it is actually an undercurrent of military deterrence. The power minister still seized power by force, but put on a legal coat for himself in the form of "surrender".

Yaowangtai Site in yongji city, Shanxi. It is said that Yaowangtai is the witness of Yao and Shun’s "abdication system".

Although the imperial examination system was implemented in the Tang dynasty, the wind of martial arts still prevailed. Tang Shiyun’s "Better to be a centurion than a scholar" fully embodies the value orientation of valuing martial arts over literature. Although Zhao Kuangyin, the founding king of the Northern Song Dynasty, was born as a military commander, he had a deep understanding of the dangers of military commanders because he seized the throne through the mutiny in Chen Qiao. He made it a national policy to guard against and suppress military commanders, and "keeping the inside empty and keeping the outside empty" and "emphasizing literature over martial arts" became the "ancestral family law" of the Song people. In the Song Dynasty, the system of civil servants governing the country was established, which enabled the emperor to fully and effectively grasp the military power. From then on, it was no longer possible for the powerful ministers to force Jiuxi to seal Wang Jianguo and implement Zen Buddhism. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang abandoned the imperial court. In short, the imperial power was unprecedentedly strong, and the relationship between monarch and minister had become a master-slave relationship, which completely eliminated the possibility of the emergence of powerful ministers.

Song and Ming dynasties also vigorously strengthened the idea of loyalty to the monarch, thus fundamentally changing the cultural spirit of the whole society. The "dual monarchical subjectivity" in the Eastern Han Dynasty and the "no monarchical theory" in the Wei and Jin Dynasties led scholars to be loyal to the ruler, the ruler and the deceased, which made it easy for the powerful ministers to seize the country on behalf of Zen. Under the subjective influence of dual monarchs, the concept of loyalty to monarchs in Wei and Jin dynasties was very weak, and scholars often persuaded the "master" to stand on his own feet as emperor during the world turmoil. The neo-Confucianism of Cheng and Zhu in the Song Dynasty raised the concept of loyalty to the monarch to an unprecedented height. Neo-Confucianism advocates that "loyalty to the monarch" is the "theorem of the world". "If God teaches you that your father and son are related, you will use your father and son to be related, and if God teaches you that your monarch and his subjects are righteous, you will use your monarch and his subjects to be righteous, otherwise it will be against heaven." In the Song and Ming dynasties, when the concept of loyalty to the monarch evolved into "justice", it was considered that it was impossible for people and ministers to covet artifacts and seek great positions.

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the powerful minister who added Nine Tin was bound to seal a big country and give it to several counties or even a state. However, in the Tang dynasty, the country was sealed, but it was empty, and there was no place for it. In the Song Dynasty, the theory of the five virtues, the theory of divination and the theory of divination, which were closely related to the Zen Dynasty, also gradually declined. Zhao Kuangyin issued a letter, and it is forbidden to prophesy. Since the Song Dynasty, the ethnic conflicts between Chinese and foreigners have become prominent, and "imposing punishment" has become the main body of the Yi Dynasty. The initiators of imposing punishment are not all peasant uprisings, but the Hu nationality in the north, such as Jin’s annihilation of the Northern Song Dynasty, Mongolia’s annihilation of the Southern Song Dynasty, and Qing’s annihilation of the Ming Dynasty, which is one of the reasons for the decline of Zen politics. Under the comprehensive effect of various factors, the Nine-Tin System and Zen politics, which prevailed in the Han, Wei, Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, finally withdrew from the historical stage because they lost the carrier of attachment. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Empress Longyu issued the imperial edict of Zen position and handed over the political power to the government of the Republic of China by peaceful means. This is the revival of Zen politics in modern history, and its reasons can be discussed separately.

The Paper:What is the significance and academic value of studying the origin, development and evolution of ancient Zen politics in China?

Zhu Ziyan:Examining the rise and fall of Zen politics can not only reflect the operation track of China’s imperial power politics from one side, but also compare it with the way of "imposing punishment". Although in essence, there is no strict difference between "levying punishment" and "Zen generation". However, the Zen Dynasty caused less social unrest and paid less social cost, which is worthy of recognition. With the decline of the Song Dynasty, the imperial power was strengthened, and ethnic minorities entered the Central Plains many times in the form of "imposing punishment", which caused great damage to the Ming and Qing societies that were trying to get out of the Middle Ages, especially in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The direct consequence of the Ding Reform in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was the great damage to the society at that time: a large number of people died and the productivity was greatly retrogressed. As a result, the dynasty cycle was bound to cycle repeatedly and it was difficult to jump out. On the other hand, if the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties adopted the story of Chen Qiao of Han and Wei Gengzuo or Zhao Kuangyin, would it help China get out of the Middle Ages as soon as possible? Going global? Is it conducive to the early transformation of China from an agricultural society to an industrialized society? This is a question that I often consider when studying Zen politics.

Data of drug site selection in June

Item 1: xin3 in third-party medical examinationProject Description: This enterprise is a high-tech enterprise engaged in biomedicine and disease detection. Committed to the nucleic acid and biochemical detection of diseases, as well as the research and development, production and sales of various products in the biomedical direction.
Highlights of the project: The industrial chain that has become "product+sales+inspection" belongs to the field: Precision medical investment scale: 10 million revenue status: regulated enterprise intention area: Yangtze River Delta region.
Project 2: High-end preparation production project of generic drugsProject Description: The company was established in January 2011, focusing on the development of high-end preparation technology and the industrialization of related technologies, and providing technical services of consulting, commissioned development, transfer, authorization and conformity evaluation. The company has five drug research and development technology platforms, including generic drug consistency evaluation preparation platform, targeted nano-preparation technology platform, long-acting injection microsphere technology platform, oral sustained-release preparation platform and polyethylene glycol preparation technology platform.
Highlights of the project: the company has established more than 30 projects, including one approved by the US FDA for listing; One supplementary application has passed the consistency evaluation, and two applications are in CDE review; Nine BE tests have passed the consistency evaluation and four BE pre-tests have been completed. Industry: High-end generic drug investment scale: 400-500 million revenue status: temporarily undisclosed intention area: Pearl River Delta.
Project 3: Research project of new marine oligosaccharide drugs.Project Description: The company is mainly committed to the brand-new drug research of antineoplastic drugs, antiepileptic drugs and marine drugs. The company’s main management personnel have rich company management experience, profound technical background and rich experience in new drug research and development.
Highlights of the project: The R&D team includes pharmacology, preparations, analysis and other professionals. At present, there are 1 professor, 4 doctors and several masters. Industry: New drug R&D investment scale: tens of millions of revenue status: valuation of 10 billion after listing Intention area: Sichuan and Chongqing, Shenzhen

03　　Introduction of certified V Park

In June, 12 new certification parks were completed in the drug site selection, with a total of 195 certification parks, including 65 national parks. There are 116 platform V parks, and the typical V parks added this month are:
[Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone]
Industrial clusters:Automobile, medicine, equipment manufacturing, biological products, chemicals, traditional Chinese medicine, natural medicine, medical equipment.
Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, founded on December 6, 1984, is located 40 kilometers east of Tianjin urban area. It is an important part of Tianjin Binhai New Area and a part of the national comprehensive reform pilot zone. It is one of the first national economic and technological development zones in China.
At present, more than 3300 foreign-invested enterprises have settled in Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, with a total investment of more than 15 billion US dollars. Represented by multinational companies such as Motorola, Nestle, SEW and Novo Nordisk, it has formed four pillar industries, namely electronic communication, food, machinery and biomedicine, and its comprehensive strength ranks first among 57 national development zones in China, becoming the leader of Binhai New Area and an important economic growth point of Tianjin.

[Dadi (International) Life Science Park]
Industrial clusters:Biomedicine, medical equipment, biotechnology.
Dadi (International) Life Science Park is located in the core area of Liangjiang Water and Soil New City in Chongqing, with a total area of about 400 mu, a planned area of 600,000 square meters and a total investment of about 2 billion yuan. This park is the expansion area of Dadi Enterprise Park, a part of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area’s scientific and technological innovation base built by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the core bearing place of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area’s Overseas Students Pioneer Park Incubation Center awarded by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and a professional biomedical park supported by Chongqing Municipal Government and Liangjiang New Area.
At present, Dadi Enterprise Park has attracted more than 110 innovative pharmaceutical enterprises, and has initially formed a biomedical industry cluster.
Small program of drug site selection in Dadi (International) Life Science Park

[Beidaihe Life and Health Industry Innovation Demonstration Zone]
Industrial clusters:Health service industry, health manufacturing industry, health service and medical service.
Beidaihe Life and Health Industry Innovation Demonstration Zone has a planned area of 520 square kilometers, including Beidaihe District, the area south of Beidaihe and the airport area of Beidaihe International Airport.
The core area of small program in Beidaihe Life and Health Industry Innovation Demonstration Zone is located in Beidaihe New District, with a planned area of 40 square kilometers, focusing on the development of life and health service industry, life and health manufacturing industry and green and healthy agriculture, forming a five-in-one life and health industry cluster of "medicine, medicine, nutrition, health and tourism".

[Dabaihui Life and Health Industrial Park]
Industrial clusters:IVD industrial cluster, medical device park, genetic testing.
Dabaihui Life and Health Industrial Park is located in the core administrative business district of Yantian District. It focuses on industries with high development potential, high technology content and high growth, such as biotechnology, medicine and medical equipment, medical artificial intelligence, etc., and builds a whole industry chain that integrates specialized industrial space, precise industrial operation platform, full-stage financial service system, competitive industrial support and talent policy, and strives to build a life with the largest scale, the best policies, the most mature supporting facilities and the highest degree of specialization in Shenzhen.

04　　Introduction of investment location of biomedical enterprises in June

[Haier Bio and Qingdao High-tech Zone to Build Haier Biosafety Science and Technology Industrial Park]
On June 3rd, Qingdao High-tech Zone signed a contract with Haier Biomedical Co., Ltd. to land the project of "Haier Biosafety Science and Technology Industrial Park", with a total investment of 500 million yuan, which is mainly to build a biological cultivation R&D and manufacturing center, an IVD R&D and manufacturing center, an automated R&D and manufacturing center, a biosafety incubator, a common R&D experimental center, a cold chain transshipment R&D and a bio-centrifugal preparation and manufacturing center, etc. After the project starts, it is expected to be completed and put into production within two years.

Haier Biomedical Co., Ltd. and Qingdao Haier Biomedical Co., Ltd. started from the research and development, production and sales of biomedical cryogenic storage equipment, and transformed into a comprehensive biotechnology solution service provider based on the Internet of Things. Facing the global market, Haier Biomedical mainly provides low-temperature storage comprehensive solutions for biological sample bank, blood safety, vaccine safety, drug and reagent safety and other scenarios.
[Hongri Pharmaceutical invested 750 million yuan to build an automated production base project]
On June 7th, Shandong Hongri Kangrentang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. held a groundbreaking ceremony in Shanghe Economic Development Zone, Jinan. With an investment of 750 million yuan and an estimated annual output value of 10,000 tons, the project will be the eighth automatic production base of Hongri Pharmaceutical, which will further improve Jinan’s biomedical industry chain and promote the chain-type large-scale cluster development of Jinan’s traditional Chinese medicine industry, which is of great significance to Jinan’s efforts to build an ecological system of biomedical and health industries with world influence.

Founded in 1996, Hongri Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is a listed pharmaceutical enterprise with a market value of over 10 billion yuan. It is a high-tech pharmaceutical and health industrial cluster integrating investment, financing, production, R&D and sales, spanning many fields such as finished drugs, traditional Chinese medicine granules, raw materials, medical devices, medical and health services, and medical equipment smart supply chain.
[Huaheng Bio’s wholly-owned subsidiary invested 250 million yuan to build a three-chain amino acid and its derivatives project]
On June 10th, Huaheng Bio plans to invest 250 million yuan to build a three-chain amino acid and its derivatives project with an annual output of 16,000 tons in shanba Industrial Park, Hangjinhouqi, Bayannaoer, with Bayannaoer Huaheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. as the main body. The project covers an area of 20 mu and the investment amount does not exceed 250 million yuan. The source of funds for this investment project is mainly self-raised, and the estimated construction period is 18 months.
　Founded in April 2005, the company is a national torch key high-tech enterprise specializing in the research, development, production and sales of amino acids and other bio-based products, mainly alanine series products. The company has undertaken the "863" project of the Ministry of Science and Technology in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, the bio-industry demonstration project of the National Development and Reform Commission, the enterprise technology innovation fund of the Ministry of Science and Technology and other national key scientific and technological research projects and high-tech industrialization projects.
[Chengyi Pharmaceutical plans to invest 670 million yuan to build a marine biomedical manufacturing project]
On June 16th, Chengyi Pharmaceutical Company plans to invest about 670 million yuan to start the second phase project of building a healthy industrial park, tentatively named as "Marine Biomedical Manufacturing Project", aiming at developing marine biomedicine and traditional Chinese medicine. It is planned to produce 1000 tons of super fish oil EPA and traditional Chinese medicine projects every year. The main products include fish oil, Chinese medicine extraction (Megan) and Chinese medicine pieces.

Chengyi Pharmaceutical specializes in the research, development, production and sales of preparations and raw materials. The main products include glucosamine hydrochloride raw materials and preparations, gastrodin raw materials, etc., and the therapeutic range of products involves arthritis and diuresis. Marine biomedical manufacturing projects take marine biomedicine and traditional Chinese medicine as the main development direction of the company. The implementation of the project will transform and upgrade Dongtou as a national marine economic development demonstration zone, which is also conducive to the long-term development of the company.

Note: The above contents are organized through public channels on the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original text. Authors: Chi Fangbing, Zhao Fei, Yan Huali, Zhong Lingyu.

Xinhua News Agency, Xining, June 28 (Reporter Wang Jun, Luo Xiaofei) At 1 pm on the 27th, another full train of Qinghai-Tibet Railway entered Tibet and passed through Qiangtang grassland in northern Tibet. Under the blue sky, cattle and sheep flock, the lake is clear, the snow-capped mountains are crystal clear, and tourists in the car take out their mobile phones to take pictures as a souvenir. In June, the snowy plateau entered the most beautiful season, and the trains entering and leaving Tibet also ushered in the busiest time of the year. Along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, there are famous scenic spots in China and even in the world, such as Qinghai Lake, Jinyintan, Kunlun Mountain, Hoh Xil and Qiangtang Grassland in northern Tibet. In recent years, Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company has actively joined hands with the tourism departments of Qinghai-Tibet provinces to create a series of "Damei Qinghai-Tibet" tourism products, and launched several special tourist trains from Xining to Chaka Salt Lake and Xining to Qinghai Lake. The "Steel Road" has strung together the "pearl chain" of tourism along the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which has promoted the development of "plateau tour" to upgrade continuously.

The great transport capacity and convenient advantages of the railway have further enhanced the tourism enthusiasm in the plateau, and more and more tourists, businessmen and pilgrims are going to Qinghai and Xizang. According to statistics, in the summer vacation in 2015 alone, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway operated a total of 598 trains in and out of Tibet, sending 2.01 million passengers, an increase of 67% year-on-year, and set a record high of 64,000 passengers in a single day. Dong Guiqi, an engineer of the Planning and Statistics Department of Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company, said that in order to better serve the economic and social development of the two provinces of Qinghai-Tibet, since it was opened to traffic for 10 years, several freight express trains, such as Tianlu Express and Qinghai-Tibet Freight Express, have been set up, covering five major regions, namely Xining, Delingha, Golmud, Lhasa and Shigatse, opening up a safe, convenient, low-carbon and environmentally-friendly green logistics channel for major enterprises and shippers along the route.

At the same time, by deepening the freight reform, the railway department has implemented a modern logistics service system that opens up receiving goods, cancels intermediate links and provides tracking services. It has successively built 18 logistics bases and loading points along the line, and the proportion of industrial salt, potash fertilizer, coal, aluminum ingots, iron ore powder and local specialty products has reached more than 60%.

In August 2009, as an important supporting project of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Naqu Logistics Center of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the world’s highest modern logistics center, was put into use. At present, another batch of railway logistics bases such as Golmud, Rassasi and Shigatse are under construction. In addition, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company will also transform the existing freight station, further increase the investment in loading and unloading machinery and containerized equipment, and continuously meet the needs of the modern logistics market. The reporter learned that since 2006, 75% of Xizang’s freight volume has been borne by the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and the railway’s transportation capacity is more than 40 times that of Xizang.

Statistics of Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company show that by the end of May 2016, Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company had transported 115 million passengers and 448 million tons of goods in 10 years. The passenger and freight volume increased from 6.482 million passengers and 24.91 million tons in 2006 to 23.384 million passengers and 44.049 million tons in 2015 respectively.

In recent years, the country is accelerating the construction of the South Asia Grand Passage and the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor. In order to meet the international freight demand, on May 15th this year, China’s first international freight train bound for South Asia was transported by Qinghai-Tibet Railway and Largo Railway, and then successfully arrived at Xigaze West Railway Station, and then transferred to the country by road to arrive in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal.

Yang Haijiang, director of the Transportation Planning Office of the Planning and Statistics Department of Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company, said that "South Asia International Freight Train" is the first international intermodal train between China and South Asian countries. The whole journey takes about 10 days, saving 35 days compared with traditional sea transportation, which not only effectively reduces the logistics cost, but also opens up a convenient passage to South Asia for "Made in China". Qinghai-Tibet Railway Company will continue to operate international freight trains through public rail transport according to the national demand, and support the national opening-up strategy.