Where is the new infrastructure ＂new＂？ How can we enter the ＂fast lane＂ of development？
A data room built by a technology company in Zhengding County, Hebei Province. Photo by Wu Zhiwei (People’s Vision)
Investment is an important driving force for economic growth; Expanding effective investment is an important means for China’s economy to cope with the impact of the epidemic. "Government Work Report" puts forward that "it is important to support ‘ Two new and one heavy ’ Construction ". According to the requirements of the Government Work Report, China will strengthen the construction of new infrastructure, new urbanization and major projects such as transportation and water conservancy.
What is the significance of supporting the construction of "two new and one heavy", how to strengthen the construction and what role will it play in the future? Starting today, this edition will launch a series of reports "‘ Two new and one heavy ’ How to do it ",an in-depth analysis of this important work.
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In Jiangsu, Aerospace Cloud Network signed a contract with Suzhou Collaborative Innovation Center for the construction of the secondary node of industrial Internet logo analysis. In a few months, it issued industrial Internet access "ID cards" for more than one million products and equipment.
In Shanxi, Xinyuan Coal Mine of Yangmei Group built the first underground 5G network in China, and the 5G base station went more than 500 meters underground, realizing the functions of high-definition audio and video calls, rapid data transmission and remote intelligent control of equipment.
In Chongqing, the second phase of Tencent West Cloud Computing Data Center with a total investment of 4.5 billion yuan will be launched soon. After completion, it will have the computing storage capacity of 200,000 servers and provide cloud services to hundreds of enterprises.
In recent years, 5G, industrial Internet, data center, etc. have been widely sought after, and new infrastructure construction has ushered in a "window". The Government Work Report calls for strengthening the construction of new infrastructure, developing a new generation of information networks, expanding the application of 5G and building data centers. Then, where is the "new" new infrastructure, what is its value, and how to accelerate it? The reporter conducted an interview on this.
New infrastructure, new direction
New infrastructure mainly includes information infrastructure, integration infrastructure and innovation infrastructure.
"At present, it is in the centralized control room of the small train, and the working face of the air inlet lane is in normal condition." A video call "takes" the 5G network and calls from 534 meters underground; In the inoue dispatching center, a huge electronic screen displays the miners’ coal mining scene in real time, and the underground gas concentration, temperature and humidity and other indicators are unobstructed. In Xinyuan Coal Mine of Shanxi Yangmei Group, the combination of 5G and industrial Internet has made this traditional coal mine realize intelligent evolution.
Compared with the ground base station, the underground conditions of coal mine are complex, so it is impossible to use satellite positioning system to accurately serve time. Wei Chunhui, chairman of China Mobile Shanxi Company, said that through joint research and development with Huawei and other companies, the peak rates of data upload and downlink of underground base stations reached 1,100 megabits per second and 300 megabits per second, respectively, and the transmission delay was less than 20 nanoseconds. The underground scene was like the ground. Up to now, China Mobile has built and opened 140,000 5G base stations, striving to achieve the goal of 300,000 by the end of the year ahead of schedule.
As an important part of the new infrastructure, the new generation of information technologies such as 5G and industrial Internet are being accelerated. So, what is the new infrastructure and where is the "new"?
Not long ago, the National Development and Reform Commission defined the scope of new infrastructure, and proposed that "new infrastructure" is an infrastructure system that is guided by new development concepts, driven by technological innovation, based on information networks, and provides services such as digital transformation, intelligent upgrading, integration and innovation for high-quality development needs. Wu Hao, director of the Innovation Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said, "Compared with traditional infrastructure, new infrastructure mainly includes information infrastructure, integration infrastructure and innovation infrastructure."
New infrastructure and new information. "The infrastructure generated by the evolution of next-generation information technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence and industrial Internet constitutes the information infrastructure." Li Yizhong, president of China Federation of Industrial Economics, believes that new infrastructure is an important support for the development of new industries.
New infrastructure focuses on integration. "Deeply apply technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence to the transformation and upgrading of traditional infrastructure, and then form a converged infrastructure." For example, Feng Yuan, deputy director of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the National Research Center for Industrial Information Security Development, said that "smart highways" are being built in many areas to support autonomous driving by setting up 5G communication technology and equipment, thus accelerating the digitalization of traditional industries.
New infrastructure highlights innovation. In Feng Yuan’s view, the new infrastructure also includes the infrastructure with public welfare properties that supports scientific research, technology development and product development. Its outstanding feature is innovation, and it is more inclined to the field of basic science and technology, which is conducive to providing surging momentum for economic development and industrial transformation and upgrading.
New infrastructure, new value
Helping enterprises reduce costs and increase efficiency is conducive to stabilizing investment, increasing employment and promoting high-quality development.
Telecommuting is in the ascendant, online services are convenient for life, and online education is in full swing … … The vigorous development of new formats and new models cannot be separated from the support of new infrastructure construction.
"Compared with traditional infrastructure, new infrastructure also has the function of stimulating investment and steady growth, but its incremental space and radiation-driven effect will be stronger." Zhou Zhongfeng, director of the comprehensive office of the Industrial Economic Research Center of China Federation of Industry and Economics, said.
Strengthening new infrastructure will help enterprises reduce costs and increase efficiency.
On April 20th, Alibaba Cloud, a cloud computing service provider, announced that in the next three years, it will invest another 200 billion yuan for the research and development of major technologies such as cloud operating systems, servers and chips and the construction of future-oriented data centers.
"Re-adding cloud computing stems from the improvement of data processing capacity and cost reduction it brings to enterprises." Liu Song, vice president of Alibaba Group, explained with a set of data. Before cloud computing, the traditional minicomputer was not only expensive, but also a large maintenance fee. "With the help of Feitian big data platform, last year ‘ Double 11’ At the peak, the processing capacity reached 544,000 transactions per second, while the transportation cost was reduced by 20%. "
Strengthening new infrastructure can accelerate industrial optimization and upgrading.
In May, the regional industrial interconnection platform built by Aerospace Cloud Network in Guizhou launched a new round of functional iteration. By constructing and improving the industrial map, the government departments can timely understand the distribution of key industrial products in the province and the supporting relationship of the industrial chain, and at the same time, it is convenient for enterprises to obtain reliable product sources in one stop. Today, the platform has settled in nearly 3,000 enterprises, covering over 7,000 products.
"Up to now, the main platform of regional industrial Internet has been built for 19 provinces, providing more than 2,000 intelligent projects and services for aerospace, automobile, energy and other industries, effectively helping the digital transformation of the industry." Yu Liang, chairman of Aerospace Cloud Network Technology Development Co., Ltd. said.
Strengthening new infrastructure can also inject new kinetic energy into economic growth.
In the short term, new infrastructure will play a role in stabilizing investment, promoting consumption and stabilizing employment. Liu Duo, president of China Information and Communication Research Institute, said that taking 5G as an example, according to estimates, by 2025, China’s investment in 5G network construction will reach 1.2 trillion yuan, creating about 3 million jobs. It is estimated that by 2030, the direct output and indirect output driven by 5G will be 6.3 trillion yuan and 10.6 trillion yuan respectively.
Statistics show that the investment-driven multiplier effect of next-generation information technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence and industrial Internet is as high as 6 times. It is estimated that by 2025, new infrastructure will create an industrial scale of 8.3 trillion yuan for China’s information consumption.
In the long run, accelerating new infrastructure meets the requirements of high-quality economic development. "Understanding new infrastructure depends not only on how much economic growth can be stimulated in the short term, but also on the new opportunity of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation." In Zhou Zhongfeng’s view, the new infrastructure pays more attention to the long-term effects of restructuring, promoting innovation and supplementing shortcomings. "Once we have the first-Mover advantage in the new round of global scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, it will help to enhance the initiative of industrial development."
New capital construction, new ideas
Accelerate data sharing, introduce diversified investment and strengthen technological innovation.
At present, the new infrastructure is still in its infancy. How can we make it enter the "fast lane" of development?
Let the data value shine — — Accelerate data sharing and empower transformation and upgrading.
"China is already one of the countries with the richest data resources in the world, and the role of data in improving the production efficiency of all walks of life is increasingly prominent." Liu Song believes that to speed up new infrastructure, we should strengthen the concept of data as a factor of production and enhance the value of data elements in new infrastructure. Yu Liang suggested that on the one hand, it is necessary to promote safe and reliable data solutions around data collection, transmission, storage, analysis and utilization, and accelerate the formation of the technology chain and industrial chain of industrial big data; On the other hand, we should speed up the open sharing of data according to laws and regulations, and use big data to help transform and upgrade the manufacturing industry and improve the governance capacity of government departments.
Let the sources of funds increase — — Increase government investment and introduce social capital.
New infrastructure projects generally have the characteristics of large investment intensity and long return period. Li Yutao, an associate researcher at the Comprehensive Transportation Research Institute of China Macroeconomic Research Institute, believes that although the new infrastructure has strong characteristics of public goods, the core is still technological innovation, which requires the active participation of social forces. "While doing a good job in policy guidance and stabilizing the construction of funds with fiscal and taxation policies, we should open more to social capital, stimulate the enthusiasm of private investment, and form a diversified investment and financing system."
Make innovation stronger — — Attach importance to personnel training and strengthen technological innovation.
Strengthening new infrastructure must focus on the long-term and long-term achievements. Yu Liang believes that we should speed up the cultivation of compound industrial talents needed for new infrastructure and give full play to the role of talents in promoting the development of new industries. Zhou Zhongfeng believes that at present, China’s original innovation is relatively weak. The next step should be to support enterprises to increase the intensity of R&D investment and encourage enterprises to actively expand downstream application fields such as 5G, artificial intelligence and big data, including car networking, intelligent manufacturing, telecommuting, smart cities, etc., and seize the opportunity of industrial development to become bigger and stronger.
To strengthen new infrastructure, planning must also be scientific and orderly, so as to avoid "a swarm of bees" and "a gust of wind". Many experts suggest that we should speed up the introduction of new infrastructure implementation rules and form a national "chess game". We should classify policies according to the actual situation in different regions and the maturity of technological development in different industries to avoid problems such as redundant construction and low-end development of high-end industries. (Reporter Wang Zheng Han Xin)