Author: Hu Jianli

The box office of "Unfamiliar Road to Life" broke 1 billion in one month, and this market performance exceeded many people’s expectations. It is mainly because the quality of the film is better than expected: there are many jokes, it is grounded, the details are careful, and it exposes and criticizes the ugly social phenomenon of "oil guzzlers", which is a qualified comedy.

Although the prospective son-in-law played by Adam is too stupid most of the time, and a large number of coincidences make the rationality of some plots unbearable to scrutiny, and the process of catching the oil-guzzling sub-gang seems too trivial, it is success to make most people happy in the cinema, which once again proves the audience’s huge consumption demand for domestic comedies.

"Unfamiliar Road to Life" is directed by Xiaoxing Yi, starring Qiao Shan and Adam, and starring Mary, Zhang Jingyi, Chang Yuan and Tian Yu. It tells the story of a truck trip that a prospective son-in-law started with his girlfriend and future in-laws.

The biggest advantage of this film is its dense laughter. At the same time, it adds realistic elements such as marriage and love, workplace catharsis, and wits, which makes the whole film more grounded. It is not purely for the sake of humor, but incorporates positive energy values expression and life thinking, with the intention of making the audience have a aftertaste after laughing. 　 　 　 　

Although this expression and thinking of this film is too superficial, it is just a bowl of chicken soup for the soul with chicken essence, but it is more mature than Xiaoxing Yi’s first two big-screen works "Never Imagine" and Bath Buddy. Personally, it is the best film he has made so far. It is true that there are all kinds of defects and deficiencies, but for a comedy film facing the public, the box office can exceed 1 billion yuan, which is a great affirmation of the audience.

As a young director born after 80s, Xiaoxing Yi was familiar to netizens with a series of online comedies such as "Never Imagine", and was ranked sixth in the "2015 China online celebrity Rankings". He is a veritable director of online celebrity, who is not only familiar with the aesthetic needs of young netizens and audiences for comedies, but also skilled in using various comedy expressions.

In Unfamiliar Road of Life, Xiaoxing Yi gives full play to his comic talent and advantages, and makes full use of misunderstanding, exaggeration, coincidence, contrast, homophonic and body language to make jokes. In the first half of the film, Adam plays the prospective son-in-law, Wan Yifan, who contracted most jokes with his poor performance of being stupid and failing:

At the beginning, in case Fan mistakenly beat Zhou Donghai, the prospective father-in-law played by Qiao Shan, because he mistook the wrong person, and put the latter in the cold storage and frozen it on pork; Accidentally took the wrong luggage and awkwardly gave diapers as Chinese cigarettes to the prospective father-in-law as a meeting gift; In order to show their cooking skills, they accidentally got their RV into the lake and almost caused a fire; Wrap the work permit in a bath and give the prospective father-in-law a bath, rubbing the latter’s back with blood stains; Drunk, bring somebody else’s high-end wine to feed pigs, and sleep in a pigsty with pigs in your arms, talking nonsense after drinking …

In case Fan’s stupidity and misfortune in the first half of the film make a fool of himself, although it creates a comedy effect and creates a lot of jokes, if it continues to be filmed like this, not only will the character lack realism and be boring, but it will not conform to the person who was brave in the bus at the beginning of the film, and the whole story will also become a negative example of humor at the expense of damaging the character’s image.

Fortunately, in the second half of Unfamiliar Life, Wan Yifan teamed up with Zhou Donghai, the prospective father-in-law, with the help of Mary’s prospective mother-in-law and Zhang Jingyi’s girlfriend and many truck drivers, and finally succeeded in containing this criminal gang, which became the climax and essence of the film. Not only did the hero successfully save his image in front of his parents-in-law, but the film also integrated positive energy expression of values and life thinking. 　 　 　 　

In the film,The line "What is right is always right" that Yifan often talks about is a bowl of chicken soup for the soul that the director and screenwriter intend to convey this expression and thinking to the audience.Although it is too straightforward and superficial, at the end of the film, the audience is cleverly told by reviewing the details that this sentence was originally said by Zhou Donghai when he was young to Wan Yifan when he was a child.

Combined with the title of Unfamiliar Road in Life, and some other impressive lines in the film, such as "The direction of life depends on yourself, hold the steering wheel tightly", it is somewhat meaningful and makes the audience have a aftertaste after laughing.

The shortcomings of Unfamiliar Road in Life are also obvious. First of all, Adam plays the prospective son-in-law, Wan Yifan, who is stupid and distorted most of the time. This kind of expression technique, which relies on the hero’s stupidity and bad luck and making a fool of himself, is used a little too much, which is detrimental to the character image and plot logic and has been criticized by some viewers.

Secondly, too many misunderstandings and coincidences in the film, of course, create a comedy effect, but also make the rationality of some plots stand up to scrutiny. It’s all right if it’s just a whimsical comedy like Never Imagine, but Unfamiliar Life is a life comedy that is closely related to reality and grounded. It’s okay to exaggerate the plot, but it should also conform to the basic life logic or be self-consistent in drama logic.

For example, the film’s portrayal of the "oil-guzzling" gang and its members seems to lack credibility. The "gas guzzlers" in the film not only have low IQ, but also have poor fighting capacity, which makes the process of arresting them like a child’s play. It is totally unimaginable that such a group of "rookies" can bully many truck drivers for so many years.

Generally speaking, Unfamiliar Life has a strong comedy effect, skillful comedy expression and excellent performances by actors. Although it has many shortcomings, it is a qualified domestic comedy film.

Such a qualified comedy, which is not very outstanding, not only attacked the blockbuster "King of the Sky" with much higher production cost in May 1st this year, but also exceeded 1 billion yuan at the box office in one month, which still has strong box office stamina, once again proving the audience’s huge consumption demand for excellent domestic comedy films.

In recent years,From Hi, Mom’s The Killer Is Not Too Cold and Quiet, Moon Man’s Hello, Brother, to this year’s Manjianghong and Unfamiliar Life Road, domestic comedy movies have exceeded expectations again and again, and they have increasingly become the just need of ordinary people to watch movies on holidays. 　 　 　 　

However, in our film market, the supply of qualified domestic comedies is insufficient, and excellent comedies are even rarer. It is expected that our filmmakers can create more high-quality comedies in the future to better meet the audience’s viewing needs.

(This article was originally published in the WeChat account of China Film Report. The author is the secretary-general of China Film Critics Association and the editor-in-chief of Film and Television Vane.)

On February 24, the reporter learned from the special class of migrant workers’ service in the province that the provinces that have signed the Memorandum of Cooperation on Promoting the Safe and Orderly Return of Migrant Workers to their Posts and reached a consensus on labor cooperation with our province are based on the previous Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces, and then Yunnan and Chongqing provinces (cities) are added.

According to reports, during the epidemic, our province will strengthen close cooperation with Guangdong, Zhejiang, Chongqing and Yunnan. On the one hand, we will realize the timely and safe return of migrant workers in Sichuan Province as soon as possible. On the other hand, we will jointly agree on relevant epidemic prevention and control measures and strengthen the management of migrant workers to prevent the spread of the epidemic caused by the flow of people.

Specifically, our province is responsible for sorting out and summarizing the number, travel time, job destination and employment industry of people who are willing to return to work in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Chongqing and Yunnan provinces (cities), giving priority to organizing people in epidemic-free or low-risk areas, as well as old employees of enterprises and counterparts to help file and set up cards, and gradually expanding the docking scope according to the epidemic prevention and control work and the resumption of work of enterprises. Release and push the enterprise employment information provided by the above four provinces (cities), and do a good job of connecting with the employment enterprises in job requirements, employment time, salary and treatment.

At the same time, our province is responsible for providing pre-job health services for those who have returned to work, issuing relevant health certificates to those who meet the requirements, and guiding migrant workers to make health declarations according to the requirements of the provinces (cities) where they have returned to work. Our province also agrees with the health codes provided by the personnel returning to Sichuan from the above four provinces (cities).

The reporter learned that in addition to the above four provinces (cities), our province has recently conducted labor cooperation docking with eight provinces including Fujian, Jiangsu, Beijing, Shanghai, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Gansu and Guizhou, and is ready to sign a memorandum of labor cooperation to fully open up the input and output channels for migrant workers to return to work.(Reporter   Liu Chunhua)

　　On Monday (April 23rd), EST, after the sell-off of US technology stocks last Friday, US stocks collectively rebounded overnight, and the S&P and Nasdaq ended their six-day losing streak. The easing of the situation in the Middle East made risk aversion fall back, and investors turned to risky assets again. Correspondingly, gold and silver ushered in a sharp correction.

　　[US stock index]

　　With the obvious easing of the situation in the Middle East, the market risk appetite has rebounded. On the other hand, after the hawkish remarks of Fed officials "bombed" the market last week, investors gradually digested their remarks, and the core PCE price index favored by the Fed will not be released until Friday, and the market will be able to breathe.

　　In addition, this week is a heavy earnings week, and giants such as Tesla, Meta, Google and Microsoft will announce the latest earnings results, and the market hopes to welcome them with a positive attitude. Overall, nearly 180 S&P 500 stocks announced their results this week, corresponding to a market value of nearly 40%.

　　American debt

　　On April 22nd, the benchmark 10-year US bond yield closed at 4.62%, and the 2-year US bond yield, which is most sensitive to the Fed’s policy interest rate, closed at 4.97%.

　　[Hot American stocks]

　　Among the popular US stocks, Microsoft rose 0.46%, Apple rose 0.51%, NVIDIA rose 4.35%, Google A rose 1.42%, Amazon rose 1.49%, Meta rose 0.14%, TSMC rose 1.62%, AMD rose 1.36% and Intel rose 0.61%.

　　Among them, Tesla fell more than 3% again, and fell for seven consecutive days on the eve of the earnings report. Analysts generally said that they were not optimistic about Tesla’s latest performance after the close of trading today.

　　In addition, it is worth noting that UBS Group AG said in the latest strategy report that the upward momentum of American technology giants is disappearing, because the profit momentum once enjoyed by this sector is facing cooling down. UBS downgraded the industry ratings of Google, Apple, Amazon, Meta, Microsoft and NVIDIA from "high match" to "neutral".

　　[global index]

　　In European stock markets, the FTSE 100 index rose 1.62% to 8024 points. The French CAC40 index rose slightly by 0.22% to 8040 points. Germany DAX index rose slightly by 0.70% to 17,861 points. Among them, the British stock market closed at a record high. The analysis pointed out that the expectation of interest rate cuts in the UK is heating up, which weakens the performance of the pound, but also boosts the financial market including the British stock market.

　　In Asian stock markets, the Hang Seng Index rose 1.77% to 16,512 points. The index of state-owned enterprises rose 1.47% to 5831 points. The Nikkei 225 index rose% to 37,438.6 points.

　　[Overseas Market China Index]

　　Overnight, Hang Seng Technology Index futures rose 1.31%, Nasdaq China Jinlong Index rose 2.34%, and FTSE China A50 Index fell 0.09%.

　　[China Stock Exchange]

　　In terms of popular Chinese stocks, Tencent Holdings (Hong Kong stocks) rose by 5.46%, Alibaba by 2.33%, Pinduoduo by 9.38%, Netease by 1.47%, Baidu by 2.30%, Ctrip by 2.81%, LI by 5.57%, Weilai by 5.40% and Xpeng Motors by 0.79%.

　　[foreign exchange commodities]

　　The picture shows the real-time market as of press time.

　　The US dollar index continued to strengthen in the Asian and European markets, and then weakened during the US session due to the retreat of risk aversion, and finally closed down 0.004% to 106.12.

　　The price of gold hit its biggest one-day drop in the past two years, and COMEX gold finally closed down 2.72% to $2,327.43 per ounce; COMEX silver finally closed down 5.31% to $27.15 per ounce.

　　According to the analysis, with the easing of geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, the demand for hedging has decreased, and traders are concerned about the US PCE data to be released this week, the price of gold has declined. However, although the market expects the gold price to enter the consolidation period, UBS believes that any price correction is an opportunity for investors to increase their holdings of gold, and the persistence of geopolitical risks may provide support for the gold market in the long run.

　　As part of the premium brought by the Middle East conflict continued to fade from the market, WTI crude oil closed down 0.24% to $82.02/barrel; Brent crude oil closed down 0.16% to $87.15/barrel.

　　[Highlights]

　　Rieder, BlackRock investment officer, thinks the Fed has room to cut interest rates twice this year.

　　Rick Rieder of BlackRock believes that bond investors who have been tortured by rising yields this month may soon find some comfort from slowing inflation and the Federal Reserve. In an interview, the global fixed income chief investment officer of this asset management company predicted that the Fed is expected to cut interest rates twice this year as inflation slows down in the coming months.

　　JPMorgan Chase strategist: There may be room for further decline in the US stock market.

　　JPMorgan Chase strategists believe that the three-week losing streak of US stocks has not ended for many reasons, including rising bond yields, high oil prices and high stock market concentration. Marko Kolanovic, the bank’s chief market strategist, and others wrote in a report sent to customers on Monday that about 40% of American companies reported earnings this week by market value, and the price changes may depend on the earnings report, which may stabilize in the short term. "However, we think the selling will continue."

　　Self-developed end-side large model of Apple’s AI competition

　　On Monday, Mark Gurman, a well-known science journalist, broke the news that Apple is developing a large-scale language model (LLM) running on the device side, which will give priority to ensuring response speed and privacy protection. Gurman said that this model will become the basis of Apple’s future generative AI function, and it will run entirely on devices, not in the cloud.

　　Tesla’s marketing team, which was established only four months ago, was all laid off.

　　At the weekend, some media said that Tesla’s actual layoffs may exceed 20,000. Musk believes that the layoffs should reach 20%, instead of more than 10% reported by the media last week that he told the company’s employees.

　　UBS downgraded the "Big Six" of American technology stocks.

　　In the latest strategy report, UBS Group AG said that the upward momentum of American technology giants is disappearing, because the profit momentum once enjoyed by this sector is facing cooling down. UBS downgraded the industry ratings of six technology giants, namely Alphabet, Apple, Amazon, Meta, Microsoft and NVIDIA, from "high match" to "neutral".

　　Jonathan Golub, strategist at UBS, said that the profit kinetic energy turned to negative after the sharp increase in profits, and the downward adjustment was "an acknowledgement of the difficulties and cyclical power constraints faced by these stocks" rather than "a forecast based on the expansion of valuation or a suspicion of artificial intelligence".

　　Meta announced that it will open the VR operating system to external companies.

　　Meta announced on Monday that it will cooperate with Lenovo, Microsoft, Asus and other external hardware manufacturers to create a virtual reality headset using Meta Horizon operating system. This also enables the equipment of external manufacturers to run the same system as Quest 3 and Quest Pro.

　　Zuckerberg said that the company’s goal is to let the open mode define the next computing era together with the meta-universe, glasses and head-mounted devices. He also said that Meta will allow Steam and Microsoft’s Xbox cloud games to run on its operating system.

　　On May 1st, a rare sight of iron-backed fish surfaced in Crescent Spring, a famous scenic spot in Gansu. The picture shows an "iron-backed fish" that surfaced about 1 foot long by visual inspection. Photo by Wang Binyin

　　On May 1st, a rare sight of iron-backed fish surfaced in Crescent Spring, a famous scenic spot in Gansu. The picture shows a large number of tourists surrounding the Crescent Spring to capture the "iron-backed fish". Photo by Wang Binyin

　　On May 1st, a rare sight of iron-backed fish surfaced in Crescent Spring, a famous scenic spot in Gansu. The picture shows the "iron-backed fish" that surfaced. Photo by Wang Binyin

　　Zhongxin. com, Lanzhou, May 2 (Wang Binyin, Feng Zhijun) The Tourism Bureau of Dunhuang City, Gansu Province disclosed on the 2 nd that on May 1, rare fish species appeared in Crescent Spring, a famous scenic spot in Dunhuang, an international tourist city. — The sight of iron-backed fish emerging from the water attracted a large number of tourists to take pictures.

　　In fact, this rare "indigenous" species in Dunhuang has disappeared for many years in Crescent Spring. In late July last year, there was a more spectacular group of fish surfaced in Crescent Spring, which was captured by tourists. However, since then, it has once again "disappeared" from the people’s sight for half a year.

　　According to the real video uploaded by netizens, there are about two or three "iron-backed fish" floating in the crescent spring on May 1, but visually, about a foot-long "head" is generally much larger than the fish that appeared a year ago, and the onlookers of tourists have not disturbed them to feed leisurely.

　　On May 1st, a rare sight of iron-backed fish surfaced in Crescent Spring, a famous scenic spot in Gansu. The picture shows several tourists "recognizing" the swimming "iron back fish" with each other. Photo by Wang Binyin

　　At present, local officials have failed to explain exactly the cause of this unusual phenomenon. However, the reporter noticed that under a series of strict official ecological control measures, the water level of Crescent Spring has been declining for many years, and it has gradually recovered and remained at around 1.5 meters in recent years, and there are often scenes in which the spring water rises and overflows the fence.

　　Located at the northern foot of Mingsha Mountain, 7 kilometers south of Dunhuang, the crescent spring, known as manhole in ancient times and medicinal spring in common name, has been one of the "eight scenic spots in Dunhuang" since the Han Dynasty, and has become a spectacle because "the ancient sand does not fill the spring, and the spring does not dry up". It is nearly 100 meters long from north to south and about 25 meters wide from east to west. The spring is deep in the east and shallow in the west, and it bends like a crescent moon. It is rumored that there are "three treasures" in Crescent Spring: iron-backed fish, seven-star grass and five-color sand. (End)

　　Xinhuanet Beijing, February 6 (Reporter Lu Junyu) In the first year of implementing the spirit of the 19th National Congress, the new trend of central anti-corruption has attracted much attention. Since the beginning of the new year in 2018, the central anti-corruption work has been carried out intensively, and the "big moves" have continued, frequently occupying the headlines of major media. At the same time, it is releasing a strong signal: the party will be strictly managed in an all-round way and the anti-corruption struggle will not be relaxed.

　　The Second Plenary Session of the 19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection: Drawing a Clear "Road Map"

　　On January 11th, the second plenary session of the 19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection was held in Beijing. At the meeting, the general requirements and main tasks of strictly administering the party in an all-round way at present and in the future were clearly put forward, which made clear the direction for the party’s construction and reorganization.

　　"We must adhere to no-forbidden zones, full coverage and zero tolerance, adhere to heavy containment, strong pressure and long-term shock, adhere to bribery and bribery, and resolutely reduce stocks and focus on curbing increments."

　　"It is necessary to promote the comprehensive and strict administration of the party to the grassroots level and severely rectify the corruption problems that occur around the masses."

　　"It is necessary to combine the fight against corruption with the fight against evil, and not only grasp the organizations involved in black gangs, but also grasp the latter ‘ Umbrella ’ 。”

　　"It is necessary to strengthen international cooperation in comprehensive anti-corruption law enforcement and strengthen the shock to corrupt criminals."

　　"It is necessary to strengthen the shock that does not dare to rot, fasten the cage that cannot rot, and enhance the consciousness of not wanting to rot."

　　"It is necessary to cut off the interest transmission chain through reform and institutional innovation, strengthen the restriction and supervision of the operation of power, and form an effective institutional mechanism."

　　These six "essentials" have opened a new chapter in winning an overwhelming victory in the anti-corruption struggle.

　　In one month, four middle-ranking cadres were dismissed one after another.

　　On February 5th, three provincial and ministerial officials who had fallen off the horse were notified and dealt with: Liu Qiang, former deputy governor of Liaoning Province; Li Yunfeng, former member of the Standing Committee of Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee and former executive deputy governor; and Zhang Wenxiong, former member of the Standing Committee of Hunan Provincial Party Committee and former Minister of Propaganda Department. Liu Qiang was "double-opened" and transferred to judicial organs, and both Li Yunfeng and Zhang Wenxiong were prosecuted.

　　On January 3, only three days after the opening of the year, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection announced that Feng Xinzhu, deputy governor of Shaanxi Province, was suspected of serious violation of discipline and accepted organizational review. In 2018, the "first tiger" fell; Ji Yiqi, vice governor of Shandong Province, Li Yihuang, vice governor of Jiangxi Province, and Wang Xiaolin, deputy director of the National Energy Administration, were successively investigated.

　　According to statistics, after the 19 th National Congress, the website review and investigation section of the Supervision Department of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection reported a total of 7 middle-ranking cadres for disciplinary review.

　　The first round of the new central inspection started: an all-round inspection

　　A few days ago, the first round of inspections by the 19th Central Committee announced the news that 30 party organizations had been inspected. At the mobilization meeting, many new deployments, new signals and new settings were revealed.

　　For example, this round of patrol covers provinces in all regions of the country and is an all-round patrol. Among the deployment contents, sub-provincial cities were included in the patrol deployment for the first time.

　　For another example, the focus of this inspection is to focus on discovering outstanding problems such as violation of political discipline and rules, corruption of leading cadres, unhealthy practices around the masses, violation of the spirit of the eight central regulations, cadres’ inaction, and illegal selection and employment. Among them, "unhealthy trends around the masses" has become the focus of the central inspection, which is the first time in recent years.

　　All the "heads" of the 31 provincial supervisory committees have been produced.

　　The reform of the national supervision system is a major political reform that concerns the overall situation and is the top-level design of the national supervision system. The supervisory committee performs the duties of supervision, investigation and disposal, and is organically connected with law enforcement and judicial organs, and checks and balances each other, so as to realize the organic unity of governing the party according to regulations and governing the country according to law. Implementing the reform of the supervision system, setting up the supervision committee, integrating the current anti-corruption resources and establishing a centralized, unified, authoritative and efficient supervision system are major political system reforms that have a bearing on the overall situation.

　　With the closing of the provincial and local conferences in 2018, the directors of provincial supervisory committees in 31 provinces have all been produced. They are all local provincial disciplinary committee secretaries, and many of them are "veterans" on the anti-corruption front.

　　All-round deployment of eliminating evils should be combined with the fight against corruption.

　　Recently, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Notice on Launching a Special Struggle to Eliminate Evil". According to the circular, the discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels should take party member cadres’ involvement in crimes and vice as the focus of discipline review, give priority to the clues of the "umbrella" problem found in the special struggle against crimes and vice, and investigate and deal with them together, regardless of who is involved, and will never tolerate them.

　　On February 5, the Supreme Law and other four departments issued a circular on severely cracking down on crimes committed by evil forces in accordance with the law. According to the notice, those involved in the crime can be given a lighter punishment if they surrender before March 1.

　　Experts pointed out that the focus of this campaign is not only to crack down on the evil forces themselves, but also to crack down on corruption at the grassroots level, investigate and deal with "micro-corruption" and strengthen the construction of grassroots political power and organization.

Since 2010, the city has implemented the policy of free bus ride for the elderly over 65 years old, and more than 2 million elderly people in the city have enjoyed this benefit. This revision aims at the problems that the elderly in other places can’t ride for free, and the use of the car-respecting card is inconvenient, and further improves the free ride policy for the elderly, making the policy more inclusive and meeting the travel needs of the elderly groups more accurately.

In view of the problem that the elderly people from other places can’t ride free of charge, after the policy adjustment, the elderly people who are registered in this city, those who live in other places in this city and those who come to Tianjin temporarily can enjoy free ride benefits, which further expands the inclusive scope of the policy and implements the relevant provisions on the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly people in the country, so that all elderly people in Tianjin can enjoy free ride benefits.

In view of the inconvenience of using the card for respecting the elderly by car, after the policy adjustment, the elderly registered in this city and the elderly from other places holding the residence permit in this city can choose the third generation social security card, the card for respecting the elderly and the electronic card for riding for free; Old people who come to Tianjin temporarily can apply for a temporary electronic card and a temporary card to ride for free. The richness of free ride media provides a variety of choices and channels for the elderly to better meet the needs of different elderly groups.

In addition, after the policy adjustment, the elderly are encouraged to travel in peak hours and enjoy a safer and more comfortable ride environment, so as to reduce potential safety hazards and relieve the pressure of morning and evening peak rides.

(Jiang Yin, Secretary General of Tianjin Highway Society)

Cctv newsAccording to the website of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, recently, the Consumer Protection Bureau of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China issued the Circular on Consumer Complaints in the Banking Industry in the Fourth Quarter of 2022 and the Circular on Consumer Complaints in the Insurance Industry in the Fourth Quarter of 2022 (hereinafter referred to as the Circular), which informed the consumer complaints in the banking industry and insurance industry received and forwarded by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and its dispatched offices.

According to the Circular, in the fourth quarter of 2022, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and its agencies received and forwarded 69,555 consumer complaints from the banking industry. Among them, 21,559 large state-owned commercial banks were involved, accounting for 31.0% of the total complaints; 26,247 joint-stock commercial banks, accounting for 37.7%; 341 foreign-funded corporate banks, accounting for 0.5%; 11,202 city commercial banks (including private banks), accounting for 16.1%; 3,872 small and medium-sized financial institutions in rural areas, accounting for 5.6%; There were 6,334 other banking financial institutions, accounting for 9.1%.

According to the Circular, the median number of complaints from large state-owned commercial banks is 3,406.5, the average number of complaints per thousand outlets is 248.8, and the average number of complaints per ten million individual customers is 51.9. The median number of complaints of joint-stock commercial banks is 2290.0, the average number of complaints per thousand outlets is 1561.8, and the average number of complaints per ten million individual customers is 303.9. The median number of complaints from foreign-funded corporate banks is 22.5, the average number of complaints per thousand outlets is 598.4, and the average number of complaints per ten million individual customers is 360.0.

According to the Circular, in the fourth quarter of 2022, there were 29,981 complaints about credit card business, accounting for 43.1% of the total complaints. Among the complaints involving large state-owned commercial banks, there are 7251 complaints about credit card business, accounting for 33.6% of the total complaints of large state-owned commercial banks; Among the complaints involving joint-stock commercial banks, there are 19,673 complaints about credit card business, accounting for 75.0% of the total complaints of joint-stock commercial banks; Among the complaints involving foreign-funded corporate banks, there are 155 complaints about credit card business, accounting for 45.5% of the total complaints of foreign-funded corporate banks.

In the fourth quarter of 2022, there were 28,545 complaints about personal loan business, accounting for 41.0% of the total complaints. Among the complaints involving large state-owned commercial banks, there are 9,625 complaints about personal loan business, accounting for 44.6% of the total complaints of large state-owned commercial banks; Among the complaints involving joint-stock commercial banks, there were 3739 complaints about personal loan business, accounting for 14.2% of the total complaints of joint-stock commercial banks; Among the complaints involving foreign-funded corporate banks, there are 134 complaints about personal loan business, accounting for 39.3% of the total complaints of foreign-funded corporate banks.

In the fourth quarter of 2022, there were 4,476 complaints about wealth management business, accounting for 6.4% of the total complaints. Among the complaints involving large state-owned commercial banks, there were 1473 complaints about wealth management business, accounting for 6.8% of the total complaints of large state-owned commercial banks; Among the complaints involving joint-stock commercial banks, there are 1647 complaints about wealth management business, accounting for 6.3% of the total complaints of joint-stock commercial banks.

According to the Circular, in the fourth quarter of 2022, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and its agencies received and forwarded 22,189 complaints about insurance consumption. Among them, there were 7689 cases involving property insurance companies, accounting for 34.65% of the total complaints; There are 14,500 life insurance companies, accounting for 65.35%. The median number of complaints about 100 million yuan premium of property insurance companies is 3.69 pieces/100 million yuan, and the median number of complaints about 10,000 policies is 0.25 pieces/10,000 pieces. The median number of complaints about 100 million yuan premium of life insurance companies is 1.59/100 million yuan, the median number of complaints about 10,000 policies is 0.20/10,000, and the median number of complaints about 10,000 people is 0.06/10,000.

According to the Circular, in the fourth quarter of 2022, there were 5,859 complaints about claims disputes involving property insurance companies, accounting for 76.20% of the total complaints of property insurance companies; There were 623 complaints about sales disputes, accounting for 8.10%. Property insurance companies have 3557 complaints about motor vehicle insurance disputes, accounting for 46.26% of the total complaints of property insurance companies; There were 1,686 complaints about other insurance disputes involving COVID-19 epidemic-related insurance and other property insurance, accounting for 21.93%.

According to the Circular, in the fourth quarter of 2022, there were 7341 complaints about sales disputes from life insurance companies, accounting for 50.63% of the total complaints from life insurance companies. There were 3980 complaints about surrender disputes, accounting for 27.45%. There were 7593 complaints about ordinary life insurance disputes from life insurance companies, accounting for 52.37% of the total complaints from life insurance companies; There were 2614 complaints about sickness insurance disputes, accounting for 18.03%.

China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, China will continue to strengthen the supervision of consumer complaint handling in strict accordance with the Administrative Measures on Consumer Complaint Handling in Banking and Insurance Industry, urge banks and insurance institutions to earnestly perform the main responsibility of consumer complaint handling, strengthen the source management of complaints, improve service quality and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.

Editor’s note: This article is from Tencent Technology (ID:qqtech), written by Zach Xiaosheng, and reproduced by Entrepreneurship.

The highlight of NPU(AI chip) and GPU (common chip) is that they can run multiple parallel threads. NPU takes it to another level through some special hardware-level optimizations, such as providing some easily accessible cache systems for some truly different processing cores. These high-capacity cores are simpler than the usual "conventional" processors because they don’t need to perform many types of tasks.

On July 20th, CAMBRIAN was officially listed in A-share science and technology innovation board, becoming the first AI chip, which aroused heated discussion and concern in the industry.

According to relevant data, there are more than 1,500 IC design enterprises in China. However, there are fewer companies with AI chips, and there are only more than 20 companies. Among these AI chip companies, CAMBRIAN is the most prominent, especially the recent IPO, and the stock of Kechuang soared on the first day of listing. So what is AI chip, and how is it different from our ordinary CPU?

From the perspective of principle logic, AI processor is a special chip, which combines artificial intelligence technology and machine learning, making the mobile device of the chip smart enough to imitate the human brain, which is used to optimize the work of deep learning AI, and is also a system using multiple processors with specific functions. The ordinary chip (ordinary cpu) is packaged in a smaller chip package, which is designed to support mobile applications and provide all the system functions needed to support mobile device applications.

Most of the time, the marketing teams of major companies find the word AI (artificial intelligence) very "advanced and gorgeous", so they bind it to almost any possible commercial use. So, you must have heard of it

"Artificial Intelligence Chip" is actually a renamed version of NPU (Neuroprocessing Unit). These are special types of ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), which are designed to widely apply machine learning in the mobile market.

These ASIC have a special architecture design, which enables them to execute the machine learning model faster, instead of unloading data to the server and waiting for its response. This execution may not be so powerful, but it will be faster because there are fewer obstacles between the data and the processing center.

Generally speaking, we can understand that NPU is AI chip and ordinary chip is CPU.

The CPU will work well in a general load environment, because it has a high IPC, which can be executed through many serial ports. And the CPU follows the Von Neumann architecture, and its core is to store programs and execute them sequentially. The architecture of CPU needs a lot of space to put storage unit (Cache) and Control unit (control unit). Compared with it, the computing unit only occupies a small part, so it is extremely limited in the ability of large-scale parallel computing and is better at logical control.

The highlight of NPU and GPU is that they can run multiple parallel threads. NPU takes it to another level through some special hardware-level optimizations, such as providing some easily accessible cache systems for some truly different processing cores. These high-capacity cores are simpler than the usual "conventional" processors because they don’t need to perform many types of tasks. This whole set of "optimization" makes NPU more efficient, which is why so much research and development will be invested in ASIC.

Machine learning model processing requires CPU, DSP, GPU and NPU to be synchronized at the same time, which is because many chip processing units are working together. But it also explains why such execution is "heavy" for mobile devices.

One of the advantages of NPU is that most of the time is focused on low-precision algorithms, new data flow architecture or memory computing power. Unlike GPUs, they are more concerned with throughput than latency.

Of course, AI algorithm is very important. In image recognition and other fields, CNN convolution network, speech recognition, natural language processing and other fields are commonly used, mainly RNN, which are two different algorithms. However, in essence, they are all multiplication and addition of matrices or vector, and then cooperate with some algorithms such as division and exponent.

In addition, a mature AI algorithm is optimized for specific mathematics of convolution operation and weighted summation. This process is very fast. It is like a GPU without graphics hardware. For the AI chip, if the specific target size is determined, then the total number of multiplication and addition calculations is determined. For example, a trillion times, for example, if I run a program with an AI chip, I can have a meal, and the CPU needs to run for several weeks. No commercial company will waste time.

In addition to the CAMBRIAN, there are also these well-known AI chip companies in China, such as Bitcontinent, Horizon, Tianxin Zhixin, Yizhi Electronics, Exploration Technology, Suiyuan Technology, Hisilicon, Jianan Technology, etc., all of which have experienced the actual landing inspection period from 2015 to the present, before they get to the present situation. The products of each company are also unique, with their own styles in power consumption, performance and application scenarios, which can occupy a place in the vast market of China.

China AI chip company is in a development boom. What about the development of foreign AI chips? Now let’s look at the companies that we think are the top developers of artificial intelligence chips, although there is no specific order-just those companies that have demonstrated their technology and have put it into production or will put it into production soon. The details are as follows:

1. Alphabet (Google’s parent company)

Google’s parent company urges the development of artificial intelligence technology in many fields, including cloud computing, data centers, mobile devices and desktop computers. Perhaps the most noteworthy is its Tensor Processing Unit, which is an ASIC specially designed for Google’s TensorFlow programming framework, mainly used for two branches of AI, machine learning and deep learning.

Google’s Cloud TPU is used in data centers or cloud solutions, and its size is equivalent to a credit card, but the Edge TPU is a coin with a size less than one cent, which is specially designed for some specific devices. Nevertheless, analysts who observe this market more closely say that Google’s Edge TPU is unlikely to appear on the company’s own smartphones and tablets in the short term, and it is more likely to be used in higher-end, enterprise and expensive machines and equipment.

2. Apple

Apple has been developing its own arm chips for many years, and may eventually stop using suppliers such as Intel. Apple has basically got rid of the entanglement with Qualcomm, and it really seems determined to go its own way in the field of artificial intelligence in the future.

The company uses A13 "bionic" chips on the latest iphone and ipad. The chip uses Apple’s neural engine, which is part of the circuit and cannot be used by third-party applications. A13 bionic chip is faster and consumes less power than the previous version. According to reports, A14 version is currently in production and may appear on more mobile devices of the company this year.

3. ARM

The chip design produced by Arm (ArmHoldings) has been adopted by all prominent technology manufacturers including Apple. As a chip designer, it doesn’t make its own chips, which gives it some advantages, just like Microsoft doesn’t make its own computers. In other words, Arm has great influence in the market. The company is currently developing artificial intelligence chip design along three main directions: Project Trillium, an "ultra-efficient" and scalable new processor with the goal of machine learning applications; Machine learning processor, which is self-evident; Arm NN is the abbreviation of neural network, which is a processor for processing TensorFlow, Caffe is a deep learning framework, and there are other structures.

4. Intel

As early as 2016, according to the Wall Street Journal, the chip giant Intel announced the acquisition of the startup NervanaSystems, and Intel will acquire the company’s software, cloud computing services and hardware, so that the products can better adapt to the development of artificial intelligence. But its artificial intelligence chip series is called "neural network processor": artificial neural network imitates the working mode of human brain and learns through experience and examples, which is why you often hear that machines and deep learning systems need "training". With the previous release of Nervana, it seems that Intel will give priority to solving problems related to natural language processes and deep learning.

5. Nvidia (NVIDIA)

In the GPU market, we mentioned that GPU can handle artificial intelligence tasks much faster than CPU, and Nvidia seems to be in a prominent position. Similarly, the company seems to have gained an advantage in the nascent artificial intelligence chip market. These two technologies seem to be closely related, and NVIDIA’s progress in GPU will help accelerate the development of its artificial intelligence chip. In fact, gpu seems to be the support of Nvidia artificial intelligence products, and its chipset can be called artificial intelligence accelerator. Jetson Xavier was released in 2018, and Huang Renxun, CEO of Jetson Xavier, said at a news conference: "This small computer will become the brain of future robots".

Deep learning seems to be NVIDIA’s main interest. Deep learning is a higher level of machine learning. You can think of machine learning as short-term learning with relatively limited data sets, while deep learning uses a large amount of data collected over a long period of time to return results, which in turn are designed to solve deeper and potential problems.

6. AMD (Ultramicro Semiconductor)

Like NVIDIA, AMD is another chip manufacturer closely related to graphics cards and GPUs, partly due to the growth of the computer game market in the past few decades and the growth of the bitcoin mining industry. AMD provides hardware and software solutions, such as machine learning and deep learning of EPYC cpu and Radeon Instinct gpu. Epyc is the processor name provided by AMD for servers (mainly used in data centers), while Radeon is a graphics processor mainly for gamers. Other chips provided by AMD include Ryzen, and perhaps the more famous Athlon. It seems that the company is still in a relatively early stage in the development of artificial intelligence-specific chips, but in view of its relative strength in the GPU field, observers believe that it will become one of the leaders in this market. AMD has signed a contract to provide Epyc and Radeon systems to the U.S. Department of Energy to build one of the fastest and most powerful supercomputers in the world, which is called "Frontier".

7. Qualcomm (Qualcomm)

Qualcomm made a lot of money from the cooperation with Apple at the beginning of the smartphone craze, and Qualcomm may feel left out in the cold about Apple’s decision to stop buying its chips. Of course, Qualcomm itself is not a small company in this field, and considering the future, it has been making some major investments.

Last year, Qualcomm released a new "cloud artificial intelligence chip", which seems to be related to its development in the fifth generation telecommunications network (5G). These two technologies are considered to be the basis for building a new ecosystem of self-driving cars and mobile computing devices. Analysts said that Qualcomm is a latecomer in the field of artificial intelligence chips, but the company has rich experience in the mobile device market, which will help realize its goal of "making artificial intelligence on devices everywhere".

Of course, other large international companies, such as Samsung, TSMC, Facebook, IBM and LG, are also developing their own AI chips. Whoever can master the cutting-edge AI chips first will get a slice of the new economic rising trend.

The reality described by the marketing departments of major companies is completely different from the reality outside those companies. Although decades of research have given us new ways to process information and classify input, which is faster than ever, there is no real AI in the hardware we buy, so which chip company can seize the market pain point and realize the application first, it can gain a great advantage on the track of artificial intelligence chips.

At present, the global artificial intelligence industry is still in a high-speed development, and the distribution of different industries provides a broad market prospect for the application of artificial intelligence. The commercialized society needs the application of artificial intelligence. AI chip is the hardware foundation for realizing the algorithm, and it is also the strategic commanding height of the future artificial intelligence era, and all the top companies in the world will fight for it. However, because the current AI algorithms often have their own advantages and disadvantages, only by setting a suitable scene for them can they best play their role. I also hope that AI can enter the sight of ordinary people this morning.

From the perspective of industrial development, it is still in the primary stage of artificial intelligence chips, and there is extraordinary room for innovation in both scientific research and commercial applications. In the application scenario, the AI chip with iterative algorithm develops into a general intelligent chip with higher flexibility and adaptability, which is the inevitable direction of technology development. Less computing bit width of neural network parameters, more customized design of distributed memory, more sparse large-scale vector realization, higher computing efficiency, smaller volume and higher energy efficiency in complex heterogeneous environment, the integration of computing and storage will become the main characteristics and development trend of artificial intelligence chips in the future.

References:

1. Research Report on Investment Prospect of IC Design Industry in China in 2019.

2. The development status and trend of artificial intelligence chips [J] Science and Technology Herald

3. The picture comes from the Internet.

This article (including pictures) is reproduced by the cooperative media and does not represent the position of the entrepreneurial state. Please contact the original author for reprinting. If you have any questions, please contact editor@cyzone.cn.

　

The picture shows the trial site.

　　guide reading

　　Who should the copyright of the picture "work" generated by artificial intelligence belong to? With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence technology, users only need to input some prompt words, and the AI model can produce corresponding words, pictures, codes and other content. So, is the content generated by AI protected by copyright law? How to define and divide the ownership of corresponding rights? Can people freely use the content generated by AI on the network? These copyright issues involving artificial intelligence urgently need a "statement" from the law. At the end of 2023, the Beijing Internet Court concluded the dispute over the right of signature and information network communication between Li and Liu’s works, made clear for the first time the attribute of using artificial intelligence to generate a picture "work", and put forward the view that whether the content generated by artificial intelligence constitutes a work needs to be judged on a case-by-case basis. The judgment of this case has made a pioneering exploration on the legal issues related to the products of artificial intelligence.

　　Pictures generated by artificial intelligence are used by others.

　　In August 2023, the plaintiff Li sued the court, claiming that on February 24, 2023, he used the open source software Stable Diffusion to generate a picture involved in the case by inputting hints, and published the picture on the platform of Little Red Book. After the plaintiff found that the defendant Liu used the pictures involved in an article in Baijiahao. The defendant not only did not get his own permission, but also cut off the signature watermark, which made the relevant users mistakenly think that the defendant was the author of the work, seriously infringing on his right of signature and information network dissemination. Therefore, the court is requested to order the defendant to publicly apologize at Baijia, eliminate the influence and compensate the economic loss of 5,000 yuan.

　　The defendant argued that the specific source of the pictures involved could not be provided, nor could the watermark of the pictures involved be explained, and it was uncertain whether the plaintiff enjoyed the rights of the pictures involved. The main content of the article published by the defendant is original poetry, not the pictures involved, and it has no commercial use and no intention of infringement.

　　The court found through trial that the process of generating the pictures involved was that the plaintiff downloaded the Stable Diffusion model, and then entered dozens of prompt words in the forward prompt words and the reverse prompt words respectively, and set the iteration steps, picture height, guide coefficient of prompt words and random seeds to generate the first picture; Under the condition that the above parameters are unchanged, the weight of one model is modified to generate a second picture; Under the condition that the above parameters are unchanged, the random seed is modified to generate a third picture; Under the condition that the above parameters remain unchanged, the content of positive prompt words is added to generate the fourth picture (that is, the picture involved).

　　Does the picture generated by artificial intelligence constitute a work?

　　According to the defense opinions of the defendant and the defendant and the facts ascertained, the Beijing Internet Court holds that the focus of the dispute and the difficulties in the trial are as follows: First, whether the pictures generated by artificial intelligence involved in the case constitute a work and what kind of work it constitutes; Second, whether the plaintiff enjoys the copyright of the pictures involved; Third, whether the accused behavior constitutes infringement and whether the defendant should bear legal responsibility.

　　First of all, from the appearance of the pictures involved, it is no different from the photos and paintings that people usually see. It obviously belongs to the art field and has certain forms of expression. The pictures involved were generated by the plaintiff using the generative artificial intelligence technology. From the time the plaintiff conceived the pictures involved to the time the pictures involved were finally selected, the plaintiff made some intellectual investments, such as designing the presentation mode of the characters, choosing the prompt words, arranging the order of the prompt words, setting relevant parameters, and choosing which picture meets the expectations. The pictures involved reflect the intellectual input of the plaintiff, so the pictures involved have the elements of "intellectual achievements".

　　Judging from the pictures involved, there are identifiable differences with previous works. Judging from the generation process of the pictures involved, the plaintiff designed the picture elements such as characters and their presentation methods through hints, and set the picture layout and composition through parameters, which reflected the plaintiff’s choice and arrangement. In addition, after the plaintiff obtained the first picture by inputting prompt words and setting relevant parameters, he continued to add prompt words and modify parameters, and constantly adjusted and corrected the picture involved. This adjustment and correction process reflected the plaintiff’s aesthetic choice and personality judgment. In the absence of evidence to the contrary, it can be concluded that the pictures involved were independently completed by the plaintiff, which reflects the plaintiff’s personalized expression, so the pictures involved have the elements of "originality".

　　The pictures involved are graphic plastic art works with aesthetic significance composed of lines and colors, which belong to art works and should be protected by copyright law.

　　Second, the plaintiff is the author of the pictures involved and enjoys the copyright of the pictures involved. As far as the ownership of the works involved is concerned, China’s copyright law stipulates that the author is limited to natural persons, legal persons or unincorporated organizations, so the artificial intelligence model itself cannot be the author stipulated by China’s copyright law. The plaintiff sets up the artificial intelligence model involved in the case according to the need, and finally selects the person involved in the case. The picture involved is directly generated based on the plaintiff’s intellectual input and reflects the plaintiff’s personalized expression, so the plaintiff is the author of the picture involved and enjoys the copyright of the picture involved.

　　Third, the defendant has infringed the rights enjoyed by the plaintiff and should bear the tort liability. In this case, the defendant, without permission, used the pictures involved in the case as illustrations and posted them in his Baijia account, so that the public could obtain the pictures involved in the case at the time and place selected by him, infringing on the plaintiff’s right to spread information on the network. In addition, the defendant removed the signature watermark from the pictures involved, which infringed the plaintiff’s signature right and should bear the tort liability.

　　To sum up, the Beijing Internet Court ruled in the first instance that the defendant apologized and compensated the plaintiff 500 yuan. In this regard, neither party has appealed, and the judgment has now taken effect.

　　■ referee analysis

　　Whether the content generated by artificial intelligence constitutes a work needs to be judged individually.

　　Beijing Internet Court Zhuge

　　In recent years, the academic discussion on the copyright of AI-generated content has never stopped, which provides a reference for the referee in this case.

　　In this case, the pictures involved were generated by the plaintiff using AI, and judged according to the constitutive requirements of the works in the copyright law. Because the pictures involved reflected the plaintiff’s original intellectual input, they were recognized as works, and the relevant copyrights belonged to the plaintiff. At the same time, the judgment of this case emphasizes that whether the content generated by artificial intelligence constitutes a work requires case-by-case judgment and cannot be generalized. The verdict of this case fully absorbed the academic discussion, which reflected "one inheritance" and "two considerations".

　　"One inheritance", that is, the judgment of this case, is the inheritance and development of the previous "Film Law Firm v. Baidu Copyright Case" in Beijing Internet Court. This case continues to adhere to the view that the copyright law only protects the creation of natural persons, while the artificial intelligence model does not have free will, is not the subject of law, and cannot be the "author" in China’s copyright law; This case continues to hold that under normal circumstances, the right to generate pictures by using AI belongs to the person who uses artificial intelligence software; In addition, the case continues to emphasize that according to the principle of good faith and the need to protect the public’s right to know, relevant subjects should clearly mark the artificial intelligence technology or model they use. Different from the previous case, except the artificial intelligence model involved in the case is more intelligent, the plaintiff in this case has more intellectual input, so it has the basis for further exploring the application of copyright law to protect it.

　　During the trial of the case, we repeatedly conducted "two considerations":

　　First, when the traditional theory encounters a brand-new application scenario, whether it should be adjusted and developed. We believe that only by adhering to the future-oriented judicial concept can we better encourage the application of new technologies and promote the development of new formats. The original copyright theory and practice presupposed art works as the main creative way, which was determined by the technical level of creative tools at that time. Since entering the era of artificial intelligence, human creative tools have undergone fundamental changes. People no longer need to draw lines and fill colors, but use AI to create, but this does not mean that human beings do not need to choose and arrange picture elements. By designing hints, different people will produce different results, which can reflect the original intellectual input of human beings. In this brand-new technical background, the traditional copyright theory and the reality of technical development have not matched, so it should be adjusted and developed to better meet the needs of rights protection and industrial development. Therefore, we can’t stick to the historical standards. Only by thinking about the future can we choose the path of the present.

　　Second, whether the identification of works is only based on legal judgment is also a question of value judgment. "Originality", as a rule to define the core elements of a work, is gradually established by the courts of various countries through the trial of individual cases. In this process, there are arguments in the theoretical circle and reference from judicial practice, and more importantly, it is based on the balance of interests, and comprehensively considers the types of works, creative space, industrial policies, public demand and other factors in the field, trying to make the best explanation. At the moment when China’s artificial intelligence industry is developing rapidly, how to serve and ensure the healthy and efficient development of the industry based on China’s specific reality and China’s value consensus is the question of the times that we must answer. In this context, based on the value measurement of the country, society, citizens and other dimensions, we believe that by recognizing the "work" attribute of pictures generated by artificial intelligence and the user’s "creator" identity, it is more conducive to encouraging users to use AI tools to create enthusiasm, thus realizing the inherent goal of "encouraging works to create" in the copyright law, promoting relevant subjects to identify the content generated by AI, thus promoting the implementation of regulatory laws and regulations, and protecting the public’s right to know, and strengthening people’s awareness.

　　■ Views of all parties

　　It is confirmed for the first time that AI generates the attribute of "Art Works"

Cui Guobin, Professor of Tsinghua University Law School

　　The judgment of this case has made a meaningful exploration of many copyright problems caused by generative AI, and put forward reasonable solutions. This is innovative on a global scale and has important reference value for future judicial practice and academic research.

　　First of all, the court confirmed the "art work" attribute of AI products. The court held that users use generative AI to output pictures, even if AI users do not directly draw lines and colors, they may still constitute intellectual achievements in the sense of copyright law and fall into the category of "works of art", regardless of the necessity of "other works". When the legislator did not create a new category for such works, the court included it in the scope of "art works", which was in line with public expectations.

　　Secondly, the court clearly judges whether the user has made an original contribution. The court stressed that "whether the use of artificial intelligence to generate pictures reflects the author’s personalized expression requires case judgment and cannot be generalized." "After the plaintiff obtained the first picture by inputting prompt words and setting relevant parameters, he continued to add prompt words, modify parameters, and constantly adjusted and corrected, and finally obtained the picture involved. This adjustment and correction process also reflected the plaintiff’s aesthetic choice and personality judgment." In this case, whether the user’s actual creative behavior leads to the AI ? ? output fully reflecting its personality is a matter of fact, and there is room for debate. However, the court’s thinking of analyzing legal issues is completely in line with the underlying logic of copyright law and public policy, leaving more flexible space for the development of new technologies. After selecting the first draft of the picture output by AI, users have a relatively specific idea of the work, and then modify it repeatedly on this basis. In theory, as long as there are enough rounds or details, users do have the possibility of making specific original contributions.

　　Under the background of the increasing integration of painting programming tools (such as Photoshop) and generative AI system, copyright law should encourage the public to use new creative tools to create more and better works of art, instead of discriminating against users of such tools, easily denying users’ original contributions and forcing users to stay away from such powerful creative tools. Therefore, I agree with the court’s judgment that "it is more conducive to the creation of works and the development of artificial intelligence technology to encourage more people to create with the latest tools by appropriate legal means", which is far more forward-looking than the general objection of denying the original contribution of users.

　　In addition, this judgment also deeply discusses the attribution of AI-assisted creative works. The court emphasized that the designer of AI system is only the producer of creative tools, and "there is neither the will to create the pictures involved nor the pre-set subsequent generation content". At the same time, the designer of the artificial intelligence model involved in the case gives up the right to claim the output content in the license provided by him. Therefore, the developer of AI system is not the author of the dispute picture. In the court’s view, "the plaintiff directly sets the artificial intelligence model involved in the case according to the needs, and finally selects the picture involved. The picture involved is directly generated based on the plaintiff’s intellectual input and reflects the plaintiff’s personalized expression, so the plaintiff is the author of the picture involved." This idea is worthy of recognition.

　　Finally, it is worth mentioning that the court’s application of the minimum amount of statutory compensation (500 yuan) should also be a balanced choice reflecting the judicial policy. Many people are worried that copyright law will protect the works created by users using AI, which will lead to the proliferation of infringement lawsuits related to AI works and harm the public interests of society. In order to avoid this negative consequence, the court should consider the particularity of AI creation when determining the standard of damages, and avoid over-compensation to users, thus stimulating too many lawsuits. In this case, it is a reasonable choice to choose the lower limit of legal compensation "according to the pictures involved and the circumstances of infringement use", which reflects this important judicial policy. Of course, this does not rule out that in future cases, users will use AI to create high-value works and get higher damages.

　　Very valuable pioneering exploration

Shen Fen, a big model manufacturer.

　　Through this case, Beijing Internet Court made a very valuable and pioneering exploration on the legal issues related to artificial intelligence products.

　　In the concept of recognition, it is confirmed that users can obtain the copyright of artificial intelligence products. In this case, the court found that natural persons can obtain the copyright of products by making substantial contributions in the process of using generative artificial intelligence. This has a positive effect on encouraging users to actively use artificial intelligence to create high-quality works.

　　Protecting the works that users have made substantial contributions in the process of product production plays an important and positive role in the use and promotion of generative artificial intelligence. In the process of ownership determination, it is equally important to consider and respect the contracts between the designers, providers and users of artificial intelligence models and services to help the market-oriented development of artificial intelligence industry and support the formation of various business models. It is of great significance for the development of China’s artificial intelligence industry and the improvement of the quality of cultural and artistic works to give reasonable protection to high-quality works created by generative artificial intelligence and help users, artificial intelligence developers and operators to realize closed-loop business.

　　17.4764 grams of precious samples arrived at 13 scientific research institutions.

　　The lunar soil brought back by Chang ‘e V weighs 1,731 grams, and these "foreign objects" contain too much information and imagination full of science fiction. I believe you still remember this scene on our screen, which was a shocking scene shot by panorama camera after the combination of Chang ‘e V lander and elevator landed at the end of last year — — "High-definition panorama of Chang ‘e landing area on the moon".

　　Now, the lunar soil in the panorama has come to scientists.

　　Now, the first batch of 17.4764 grams of lunar soil samples have been officially handed over to 13 domestic scientific research institutions, and have arrived in Beijing, Hubei, Jiangsu and Guangdong in recent days.

　　From "going to the moon to take soil" to "studying soil separately", that is to say, scientists can finally face the lunar soil at close range. Then, how to divide the precious lunar "native products"? How to use it after "dividing the soil"

　　How to "carefully calculate" lunar soil samples? Counting three highlights

　　The lunar "local products" brought back by Chang ‘e V are so precious that they should be carefully calculated. So, how can it be used well and in what fields will it be used?

　　In this regard, Zhu Rixiang, director of the Moon Sample Expert Committee and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the scientific research on the Chang ‘e V sample will mainly have three highlights:

　　First, have an independent research team.According to experts, in the past, "a clever woman can’t cook without rice". In the past, scientists in China basically couldn’t get Apollo moon samples for research. Now, "there is food in hand, and there is no panic in the heart". Chinese can train its own research team.

　　Second, the Chang ‘e V sample is different from the moon samples obtained by humans in the past, and the sample is "younger".This will have a new understanding of the evolution of the moon and planets and the livability of planets.

　　Third, our goal is the sea of stars.Because new lunar soil samples will be published and distributed as planned in the future, more domestic and foreign scientific research institutions will join the study of lunar samples. Experts also introduced that in the future, Chang ‘e VI will complete the lunar sampling return, and Mars sampling and asteroid sampling have been included in the long-term planning.

　　"Every inch of land is contested": Exploring the micro-composition according to the study of "particles"

　　Yesterday, 500 mg samples of lunar soil powder have arrived at Sun Yat-sen University. In Wuhan, the first batch of 200 mg lunar soil samples also arrived at the School of Earth Sciences of China Geo University (Wuhan). 13 scientific research institutions, and the sample is only a little more than 17 grams, which can be described as"every inch of land is contested".

　　China Geo University (Wuhan) College of Earth SciencesprofessorWang Zaicong:We applied for 200 mg samples this time, and it is estimated that 50 mg samples will be lost, so the lost part may not be returned, and then we will return the remaining 150 mg. For example, some of our work has a certain loss. For example, if we want to get an average composition, we need chemical methods to deal with it. If the sample is destroyed, some samples will be lost.

　　There is water on the moon! ? There may be an answer in the lunar soil.

　　For a long time, scientists have different opinions on whether there is water on the moon or not, and they have never stopped arguing for decades. This time, can you find the answer in the lunar soil sample?

　　On earth, our communication is often affected by solar storms. Since there is no magnetic field on the surface of the moon, how can the solar wind act on the moon? In fact, these can be found in the lunar soil.