On October 5th, while others were still enjoying the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holiday, a group of young people in Chongzhou, Chengdu were not idle. They shuttled between rice fields, were busy among grain piles, and used drones to measure the land that was about to be sown … … Not only that, they also brought their planting experience to Dazhou to help local farmers increase production and income.

　　A guy with 8 years of drone driving experience.

　　Nowadays, farmland is measured by flight trajectory.

　　At 8 o’clock on the morning of October 5th, Zhou Jiaxi checked his UAV equipment and went to a farmland in Chongzhou to start his day’s work. He is a member of Xinxin Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Wan Mao, chongzhou city (hereinafter referred to as the cooperative), and his daily work is dealing with various UAVs. At the age of 24, he has about 8 years of flying experience. "I was curious at first, and then I gradually developed into my own career." Zhou Jiaxi told reporters.

　　On this day, Zhou Jiaxi’s job was to measure the area of a farmland, and he completed the measurement task of 800 mu of land in just one morning without using measuring tools such as tape measure. "Operate the drone and fly around the edge of the plot, and then the system will calculate the land area according to the flight trajectory of the drone." Zhou Jiaxi told reporters that the reason for measuring the area is that wheat planting is about to begin, and it is necessary to measure the area of land newly joined in the cooperative to facilitate the application of base fertilizer later.

　　According to Zhou Jiaxi, the area measurement on that day was only a small part of his daily work. He participated in the traditional process of planting crops, including sowing, transplanting, spraying, harvesting and then drying and warehousing, but most of the work could be done by drones. "When it comes to busy farming season, such as sowing seeds and spraying drugs, we basically set off at 6 o’clock in the morning every day, and then we have been working in the field until 7 or 8 o’clock in the evening. Basically, drones are flying in the sky and we are chasing on the ground." Zhou Jiaxi said, "After a busy day, I can fall asleep when I get home with a pillow."

　　On the National Day this year, Zhou Jiaxi came to work in the cooperative for just three years. Three years ago, like many young people, he wanted to leave the countryside and develop in the city. "Born in the countryside and influenced by his parents since childhood, he felt that when he grew up, he could no longer face the loess like his parents, and he wanted to develop in the city. Later, after graduating from technical school, he did work hard in Shenzhen for a while." Zhou Jiaxi said that after seeing the cooperative recruiting drone drivers, he returned to Chengdu to work in the farmland of Chongzhou.

　　"Our cooperative has more tasks all year round. Our drone drivers get paid according to their performance. I can get about 150,000 yuan a year, even a little more than my income in Shenzhen." Zhou Jiaxi told reporters that in addition, working hours in cooperatives are relatively free, and they are close to home. "After work, I can take time to go home to spend time with my family. I think it is also good to develop in rural areas."

　　Talking about his future plans, Zhou Jiaxi said that he wanted to learn more about the farming experience of modern agriculture in the cooperative, and when he accumulated to a certain extent, he would also contract a piece of land to grow crops.

　　The average age of cooperative members is only 26.

　　Serve about 40,000 mu of grain fields

　　In the cooperative, there are also a group of like-minded young people like Zhou Jiaxi. Shu Xingyu, the chairman of the cooperative, told reporters that since its establishment, their cooperative has grown to 21 members, and their average age is only 26 years old.

　　According to reports, cooperatives mainly provide agricultural mechanization services, including machine tillage, machine insertion, drone spraying, machine harvesting and drying. At present, there are more than 80 agricultural machines and tools serving about 40,000 mu of grain fields. Shu Xingyu said: "My university studied communication engineering. After working outside for several years, I learned that there is still a lot of room for development in agriculture in my hometown. So I returned to Chongzhou in 2019, expanded my scale a little bit, and set up a cooperative." After the establishment of the cooperative, it attracted more and more young people like Zhou Jiaxi to return to their hometowns for development. "In May this year, we recruited several newly graduated students, some from Xichang and some from Panzhihua, the youngest of whom just turned 20." Shu Xingyu said, "Some of this group of people in our cooperative are all-rounders, and basically all agricultural machinery can be used, while others specialize in one direction, just to provide better services."

　　While many people around us are enjoying the Mid-Autumn National Day holiday, they are busy harvesting millet and drying rice. "In the recent harvest of rice, we have to dry it day and night. This state lasts for about 60 days every year. During this time, an average of 500 tons of rice is dried every day." Shu Xingyu said.

　　20-hour round-trip technical guidance Chairman: I hope to help more areas realize mechanized production.

　　The business scope of cooperatives is not limited to Chengdu. This Mid-Autumn National Day holiday, Shu Xingyu took two cooperative members to Dazhou City to give technical guidance to Mr. Huang who wanted to develop mechanized agriculture. "We drove from Chongzhou at 6 o’clock in the morning, arrived in Dazhou at 10 o’clock, and then returned to Chongzhou until 7 o’clock in the afternoon. As a result, there was a traffic jam on the road and we arrived home at 2 o’clock in the morning." Shu Xingyu said, "The reason why I have to come back overnight is because the cooperative has a lot of work and cannot be delayed."

　　The situation in Dazhou is different from that in Chengdu, and the operation mode of agricultural mechanization is also slightly different. "At present, Mr. Huang has only contracted more than 1,000 mu of land in the local area. At the beginning of this year, we were invited to give him technical guidance and found that our existing operation mode needs to be slightly adjusted to adapt to it." Shu Xingyu said, "For example, using a rice transplanter to transplant rice seedlings, the local farmland is full of water, and the rice transplanter can easily sink into the soil and can’t move forward, so we will use the drone to sow seeds instead."

　　Although the final effect of drone seeding is not as good as that of rice transplanter, the advantage is that the requirements for farmland are not as high as that of rice transplanter. Shu Xingyu said: "This is also a sowing method that we have just started to experiment. The yield is slightly lower than that of rice transplanters, but the advantage is that it can be operated in a better scale and mechanization." With their help, many abandoned land in the local area has also begun to glow.

　　Talking about the future plans, Shu Xingyu told reporters: "I hope that I can help more individuals and regions realize mechanized production on the basis of constantly improving my agricultural services." Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star Journalist Ye Yan Yan Xiaofeng

　　After the Eleventh Golden Week, there will be only a few days before this year’s "double 11", and the express delivery industry has already entered a state of readiness. According to the forecast of China Express Association, during the "double 11" this year, the express handling capacity of the whole industry is expected to exceed 1 billion pieces. The plate is big and the task is heavy. How can the express delivery industry "ensure smooth flow, safety and stability" and bring good experience to consumers?

　　Big data prediction: put goods closest to consumers.

　　From 260,000 pieces in 2006 to 657 million pieces in 2016, Tmall "double 11" has created a miracle in the global express delivery industry. From the historical experience, the annual peak of the express delivery industry will become the normal state of the next year, and there is still a tough battle to be fought in double 11 this year.

　　Although the number of parcels has increased year by year, the timeliness of e-commerce delivery through express delivery has been increasing, and the time spent on sending parcels exceeding 100 million has dropped from 48 hours in 2013 to 12 hours in 2016. Among them, informationization and big data have played a vital role.

　　"This year, the electronic list of enterprises has been pushed better, which has accelerated the whole chain of express delivery services." Lai Shiqiang, vice president of Yunda Express, said that compared with traditional face sheets, electronic face sheets connect the data of merchants, consumers and express delivery companies in series, which can increase the delivery speed by more than 30%.

　　More and more abundant data also make the prediction of commodity flow more and more accurate. Shi Miao, vice president of Cainiao Network, said that an important aspect of this year’s "double 11" is the sinking of the "pre-warehouse".

　　The so-called pre-warehouse is to select high-frequency purchased goods through big data analysis and put them in the warehouse closest to consumers. For example, merchants and logistics companies know that consumers in a southern province like to buy a certain product of a certain brand most, so they can stock up in advance in the pre-warehouse, and the consumers can deliver the goods in time as soon as they place an order, thus greatly reducing the circulation distance and time cost of inter-provincial allocation.

　　According to Ali’s plan, 2000 pre-warehouses will be built nationwide in the future. It is expected that the front warehouse will play an increasingly important role in the fields of fast-moving consumer goods and fresh food.

　　Robots help: express logistics is becoming more and more intelligent

　　Intelligent algorithm, auto production line, AGV robot & HELIP; … Walking into a smart warehouse of Cainiao Network in Jiaxing, Zhejiang, an intuitive feeling is that the degree of "unmanned" is getting higher and higher.

　　In the intelligent warehouse, the goods are sent to the designated area by the assembly line from the receipt, and the intelligent equipment sends the goods to the designated shelf for storage. Even if the shelf is seven stories high, smart devices can flexibly put or take out goods and keep them stable.

　　In the delivery stage, after the package picking is completed, it will also be automatically labeled with a courier list. Even the final sealing is completed by the machine, and finally it will be sent to a high-speed sorting machine for sorting according to different destinations. The whole equipment can sort more than 20,000 packages in one hour.

　　"In receiving, sorting and transportation, smart logistics has greatly improved the express delivery industry, basically eliminating the phenomenon of warehouse explosion and backlog." Yu Yan, director of the Express Management Department of the Market Supervision Department of the State Post Bureau, said.

　　Shi Miao said that these intelligent warehouses are located in key cities all over the country, not only with fully automated assembly lines, but also with various caching robots, picking robots, robotic arms, AGV matrices, etc. They will complete the joint debugging before "double 11" and form a large-scale robot warehouse group to serve "double 11".

　　In addition to the rookie network, other logistics service providers are also increasing their investment in robot warehouses. For example, Shentong Express has launched "Minions" automatic sorting in many places, while JD.COM, Suning and gooday have fully mechanized warehousing, sorting and delivery of household appliances through unmanned warehouses.

　　Diversified distribution: resources tilt to the end outlets

　　Whether it’s big data or smart devices, the package finally reaches the hands of consumers, which is inseparable from the end delivery of the last 100 meters.

　　Compared with the past, today’s terminal distribution is becoming increasingly diversified. Statistics show that there are about 40,000 rookie stations, nearly 200,000 groups of intelligent express cabinets and hundreds of thousands of express agents in China. Together with express delivery, these places will provide consumers with convenient and safe delivery services.

　　Nevertheless, at present, about 90% of the terminal delivery is still completed by couriers. In recent years, the frequent news of the closure of express outlets and the transformation of couriers shows the fragility of the express delivery industry’s dependence on human services.

　　Sun Kang, secretary general of China Express Association, said, "‘ Double 11’ Logistics is difficult, and the most difficult place is at the end outlets. " According to incomplete statistics, in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai, more than a quarter of express outlets in the core area feel great pressure to survive. How to stabilize the grassroots outlets is a big problem facing the express delivery industry.

　　Lai Shiqiang said that during the "double 11" period, Yunda will lease all kinds of warehouses to separate the delivery parts from the arrival parts, so as to improve the delivery efficiency of outlets. And "recruiting" is naturally essential.

　　Reporter He Xinrong has a passion.

[Editor’s note]Zhao Yi, a historian in the Qing Dynasty, believed that there were only two forms of the Yi Dynasty: "In ancient times, there were only two rounds of punishment and abdication." Although there were legends of Yao and Shun abdicating in ancient times, the truly successful "abdication" in history did not appear until "Cao Wei replaced Han". Professor Zhu Ziyan, Department of History of Shanghai University, called "Cao Wei replaced Han Dynasty" as "Zen Dynasty". He believes that "Zen generation" is essentially a combination of "abdication" and "punishment". From the objective effect, Zen generation has caused less social unrest and paid less social cost, which is worthy of recognition. Examining the rise and fall of Zen politics can also reflect the operation track of China’s imperial power politics from one side.

Why did "Cao Wei replaced Han" happen at the time of Cao Pi? Being both "Zen Dynasties", why did Sima Dai Wei leave more stigma in history than Cao Wei Dai Han? Why did the "Zen generation" decline after the Song Dynasty? The Paper interviewed Professor Zhu Ziyan from the History Department of Shanghai University and asked him to talk about the above issues.

Professor Zhu ziyan

The Paper:In ancient times, there were legends of Yao and Shun abdicating, but the truly successful "abdication" in history did not appear until "Cao Wei replaced Han Dynasty". You call "Cao Wei replaced Han" Zen generation, so what’s the difference between "Zen generation" and "abdication"?

Zhu Ziyan:Zhao Yi, a historian in the Qing Dynasty, believed that there were only two forms of the Yi Dynasty: "In ancient times, there were only two rounds of punishment and abdication." "Expropriation and punishment" is full of violence and justice. From the Tang-Wu Revolution to the new-democratic revolution in modern history, it is better. And "abdication" is a non-violent peaceful transition between tribes in pre-Qin society. In ancient times, there were legends about the demise of Yao and Shun, but they were largely false. What happened in history is more "Zen generation". "Zen generation" is essentially a combination of "abdication" and "punishment". The real Zen generation began in "Cao Wei replaced Han Dynasty", and all the Zen generations before that failed.

Let’s talk about abdication first. At the time of Yao and Shun, the country had not yet formed, and it belonged to the tribal alliance under the premise of public ownership and implemented military democracy. Even if there is a "abdication" system between Yao and Shun, it is also the replacement of tribal chiefs. Now, there are many problems in the records of Yao and Shun in the literature. For example, according to Records of the Five Emperors, Yao and Shun’s reign as ancient sages was too long to be doubted, and according to Han Feizi and other documents, there was no abdication system in ancient times. Shun imprisoned Yao to seize his position, and in his later years, Shun was exiled by Yu. However, later generations of Han Confucianism yearned for the abdication system in ancient times and praised it as the best way to change dynasties. In fact, it is because Confucianism, starting from the theory of "Five Virtues at the End", hopes that the form of regime change will be more in line with the norms of public affairs and moralization, so it is committed to sanctifying Yao and Shun’s abdication model.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, private ownership came into being, and the "state" as a form of political power has been formed. If we want to "honor the ancients" and implement the abdication system at this time, it is difficult to work. The prince of Yan abdicated the throne to his son, but he soon failed under the interference of Qi. After Shang Yang’s political reform, Qin Xiaogong once thought that Zen was located in Shang Yang, but Shang Yang probably knew himself and didn’t accept it. Although Qin Xiaogong was out of the "public interest", his move actually harmed Shang Yang. In addition, in the process of Shang Yang’s political reform, the two teachers of Prince Shang were severely punished, so the Prince acceded to the throne and became the queen of Qin Hui, splitting Shang Yang’s car. In my opinion, the death of Shang Yang was not entirely caused by political reform, but probably had a lot to do with Qin Xiaogong’s willingness to "surrender" before.

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang took advantage of "abdication", "the coexistence of five virtues" and "the theory of divination" to become emperor, which was an attempt in the unified dynasty and an all-round practice of the abdication system in ancient society. The complete set of etiquette and process of abdication was fully formed in Wang Mang’s Han Dynasty. In my opinion, the abdication system must be investigated together with the Nine Tin System. According to the Book of Rites, Jiuxi is a chariot, horse, clothes, musical instrument, Zhu Hu, Na Bi, Tiger Ben, axe, bow and arrow, and a scorpion. Cao Cao received the Nine Tin, and Cao Pi finally completed the Zen generation. Therefore, the final establishment of the Nine Tin system and the Zen generation system should be the period when Cao Cao received the Nine Tin system and Cao Pi received the Zen.

Zhao Yi stated in the special article "Nine Xiwen" in his Notes on the Twenty-two History: "Before the Zen Dynasty, there must be nine Xiwen, which always narrates the achievements of his people, and he was given special gifts when he entered the country, also starting from Cao Cao. According to the press, Wang Mang’s usurpation of the throne has already been accepted by Jiu Xi, but his writing is only more than 500 words, which is not the format of Pan Xu’s writing for Cao Cao. " Later, the system of abdication became more and more formulaic, and it was only after the courtesy was comprehensive that the people who had received Nine Tin became quasi-emperors. The objects rewarded by Nine Tin went far beyond the scope of people and ministers, and were basically used exclusively by the emperor. Although Wang Mang was influenced by Jiu Xi and Zen Buddhism, the restoration of the Liu family in the Western Han Dynasty was powerful, and Liu Xuan, Liu Xiu and others played the banner of Zhongxing Han Dynasty. In addition, Wang Mang’s improper restructuring led to boiling public resentment. Wang Mang soon failed, and the new dynasty he built failed to be recognized by the world. The new Mang regime was defined as a pseudo-regime by later generations, that is, Wang Mang was a lone husband and a thief, who stole the Heaven.

To sum up the differences between abdication and Zen, there are at least three points: first, abdication takes place under the premise of "public world" and is a meditation between people; The Zen generation is based on the premise of "home in the world" and is a meditation between dynasties. Second, the ancient Zen position, taking the world as the public, selecting talents and abilities; In the Medieval Zen Dynasty, it was replaced by "Zen", that is, in the name of false abdication, and the transfer of monarch and minister from one surname to another was completed. Thirdly, "Zen position" means that the Zen monarch gives the throne to the Zen recipient on his own initiative; The "Zen generation" means that the latter forces the former to meditate, the latter takes the initiative and the former is passive.

The Paper:When Cao Cao started his army in the dying days of the Han Dynasty, his literary and martial arts were the best in the world, which was enough to be the emperor on behalf of the Han Dynasty. But why did Cao Wei take the place of the Han Dynasty?

Zhu Ziyan:Although Cao Pi was the protagonist of Cao Wei’s generation in the Han Dynasty, the whole incident went through three generations: Cao Pi consolidated the foundation of the generation in the Han Dynasty, Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor in the generation in the Han Dynasty, and Cao Rui stabilized the political power. These three stages were indispensable and complemented each other. Three Cao’s decision-making in different stages played an important role in the occurrence, development and completion of Zen, which was interlocking, gradual and steady.

Statue of Cao Cao in Wei Wudi Square, Xuchang, Henan.

Although the power to replace the Eastern Han Dynasty during the Han and Wei Dynasties was countless, the resistance of the Han Dynasty was very great. As Mr. Tian Yuqing said: "In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Confucianism was taught by benevolence, righteousness, holiness and dharma, and its atmosphere was profound, which also influenced the mentality and behavior of the scholar-bureaucrat class, the representative of the aristocratic family. They took it as their duty to support the endless Eastern Han regime, making it very difficult to change the dynasty. The emergence of Wei, Shu, and Wu countries did not mean that the powerful ministers took advantage of the situation and hastily added their titles, but went through a long gestation process. This is why Jian ‘an’s administration lasted for more than twenty years. " The Han Dynasty has a history of more than 400 years. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, although the Han family declined, it was still sacred and orthodox. The Confucian tradition in the Han Dynasty was deeply rooted in the ruling and opposition parties, and Lun Jigang was often transformed into customs. It was extremely difficult to completely destroy it and replace it. This is why Cao Cao did not dare to replace the Han Dynasty. Does Cao Cao really not want to be the emperor? No, he sighed before he died: "If the destiny is in me, I will be Zhou Wenwang." Cao Cao compared himself to Zhou Wenwang, so his son is Zhou Wuwang. Mr. Jian Bozan said, "Cao Cao wears the imperial robe as a shirt." Liu Bei and Sun Quan are far from Cao Cao in qualifications and strength, so Cao Cao does not claim to be the emperor, and no one dares to act rashly. Cao Cao was very cautious about transporting the Han Ding and had a clear understanding of the strength of supporting the Han Dynasty. Yin Jian Dong Zhuo, Yuan Shu, Liu Biao and others learned the lesson that if he rashly proclaimed himself, he would put himself on the fire, so he would never be fooled by Sun Quan.

By Cao Pi’s generation, the time was ripe for the generation of Han. He used divination, yin and yang and five elements to prove that it was in line with his destiny to proclaim himself emperor. Emperor Han offered several Zen positions, and Cao Pi refused several times in a pretentious way. Later, he was promoted to the ninth five-year plan position by creating public opinion. Cao Pi’s process of calling himself emperor is a subtle imitation of Yao Shun’s abdication. After he acceded to the throne, he sighed: "I know about Shun Yu!" What this means is that Yao and Shun’s story in ancient times was illusory, and his meditation ceremony was not clear. Now, Yao and Shun’s meditation has become a reality by imitating Yao and Shun’s story. Cao Pi’s imitation of Yao and Shun’s demise is all-round. Legend has it that after Shun ascended the throne, he married Yao’s two daughters, E Huang and Nv Ying. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he also married two daughters of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. On this issue, historians of later generations have criticized it a lot, thinking that Cao Pi’s marrying his nephew with his uncle is a trip of courtesy and lewdness. In my opinion, in order to make the Zen generation of Han and Wei dynasties more realistic and complete, Cao Pi rebelled against the traditional ethics, and it was the political need of the Zen generation of Han and Wei dynasties to marry his uncle, which had little to do with personal quality and could not be treated with secular courtesy.

The Paper:It is also a "Zen generation". Why does "Sima Dai Wei" have more stigma in history than "Cao Wei Dai Han"?

Zhu Ziyan:There are many people who study the history of the first three countries, but relatively speaking, the study of the history of the last three countries is a little weak. This unbalanced situation has caused people to ignore the achievements of Sima, who unified the three countries, and the "Sima Dai Wei" has a tendency to be stigmatized.

Throughout the ages, most people have criticized Sima’s establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, and I think the key issue lies in his "replacement of Wei". Cao Cao has long been regarded as a "Han thief" because of his "generation of Han". It was not until 1959 that Guo Moruo reversed Cao Cao’s conviction that Cao Cao’s image was changed. Traditional ethics leads people to equate "Zen position" with "usurping the throne", but they agree that the regime seized by force is legal, reasonable and justified.

There is a reason why Sima Yi replaced Wei and Cao Cao replaced Han. Zhao Yiyun: "After fighting in the Han Dynasty, I tried to levy management, extended the Han Dynasty for more than 20 years, and then replaced it." In Zhao Yi’s view, Cao Cao contributed to the continuation of the dying Han Dynasty for decades. He went on to say: "Sima’s power was stolen, an emperor was abolished, and an emperor was killed, and his position was seized. Compared with Cao Cao, his merits and sins are not the same."

In fact, the transition from Cao Wei to Han Dynasty was not entirely peaceful. Cao Cao mobilized troops to destroy Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu, Lu Bu, Liu Biao, Tao Qian, Zhang Xiu, Zhang Lu and many other governors, and his martial arts were brilliant. The generation of Han still had the meaning of "imposing punishment". However, Cao Shi always believed that "imposing punishment" could gain actual power, but it was difficult to gain legitimacy in the Han Dynasty when the Confucian tradition was deeply immersed, so he used the method of "Zen generation" to avoid the risk that the world regarded it as "usurping the throne". Facts have proved that only by combining the two means of imposing punishment and abdicating is Zen generation. Sima’s problem is precisely the lack of "punishment" in the process of gaining power. In terms of "martial arts", Sima Yi only pacified the mediocre Meng Da and Gongsun Yuan in Liaodong, and barely drew a tie with Zhuge Liang, the arch rival, far less than Cao Cao’s efforts to clean up the mess in the Eastern Han Dynasty and pacify various governors, and three-thirds of the world has its own brilliant martial arts.

Without outstanding military achievements, the "Zen generation" will lack social influence and recognition, and it will also lack prestige above the imperial court; On the other hand, if there is only "punishment" without "abdication", it will not occupy the commanding heights of Confucianism ethics and morality, and it will easily be classified as "usurping power". By the way, why can’t Zhuge Liang "replace" Liu Chan? I think it was also because of its defeat in the Northern Expedition and its failure to meet the political demand of "imposing punishment" because of "reviving the Han Dynasty".

The Paper:How do you evaluate Sima’s Zen generation? Is there any merit in this peaceful way of power change?

Zhu Ziyan:Wei in Sima Dynasty was actually caused by three generations of baton of Sima family. After Sima Yi’s death, Sima Shi came to power, which abolished Cao Fang and put down the chaos of Wu Qiujian, further consolidating his power. And Si Mazhao played a more critical role. Although Si Mazhao has a bad reputation, he has been notorious for his "Heart of Si Mazhao". But this man has actually made great contributions to the world: his revised Jin Law is more lenient than the criminal law of Han Law; He also abolished the people’s villages and released the state tenant farmers; Ping Huainan rebellion, don’t kill Wu Jun prisoners, daxing benevolent government. Judging from the trend of historical development, Si Mazhao’s destruction of Shu inherited Cao Cao’s career, and he ended the situation of the Three Kingdoms, laying the foundation for the cause of reunification. In the late Three Kingdoms period, it would be impossible to achieve national reunification quickly without such outstanding politicians and strategists as Si Mazhao. He spoke highly of Sima’s achievements in unifying the whole country. He said: "Except for the great harm of the Three Kingdoms, the dispute at the end of the Jing and Han Dynasties, and the obscurity of the nine realms, all the people who have made great contributions for thousands of years are Sima." Looking at the history of the Three Kingdoms, this view of Xi’s is indeed the theory of China. Although Hui Di and Jia Hou appeared in the late Western Jin Dynasty, which led to the rebellion of eight kings and five wanton China, this account could not be blamed on Sima Yi. Is it necessary for Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding king, to bear the crime of national subjugation of Emperor Chongzhen in the late Ming Dynasty?

Stills of Sima Yi’s Alliance of Military Strategists

To discuss the "Zen generation" in ancient China, we need to consider the division of stages. Although "Cao Wei replaced Han Dynasty" was the initiator, it was "Sima Wei" who really inherited and fixed "Zen Dynasty" as a form of dynasty change. After that, China entered the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and all dynasty changes adopted "Zen Dynasty", including the Southern Dynasties, the Song Dynasties, Qi Liang Chen; Northern Dynasties, Eastern Wei and Northern Qi Dynasties; In the Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasties, and then to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, "even Tang Gaozu started with a levy, but also took the place of Wang Zhichan, and Zhu Wen started with a thief, but also took the place of mourning for the emperor." (Zhao Yiyu) The world has fully accepted this paradigm of power transfer, and it has become a conventional way to change generations.

From "Cao Wei replaced Han Dynasty" to "Sima Wei Dynasty", the emperors of the new dynasty treated the former emperors with Yu Bin. According to ancient stories, the two sides of Zen were the kings of Yao and Shun, so the new monarch treated the Zen officials with the courtesy of national guests: the Zen monarch refused to be a vassal, was not worshipped by the imperial edict, and prepared a five-hour car. The ceremony of worshipping the ancestors of the former emperors in the suburbs was feasible, and his own title could still be used in the feudal country. Although the Zen monarch was supervised by someone, he eventually died. But in the Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty, great changes took place. Soon after Emperor Wu of Song ascended the throne, he killed Sima Dewen, the Jin Emperor who was in Zen. After Emperor Wu of Song, all those who accept Zen will surely destroy the whole family of Zen practitioners.

Why did Emperor Wu of Liu set a precedent for killing Zen monarchs? There is no historical data to prove it. I consider whether it can be analyzed from the background of the times and the origin of Emperor Wu of Song. The gentry in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties were powerful and monopolized the political power. Even though commoners entered the top of the ruling group by virtue of military achievements, he even became the ninth five-year plan, he still had to share the world with the gentry. Emperor Wu of song was born in poverty and was a martial artist. He was once despised by the gentry represented by Wang and Xie because of his low cultural level. Although he made great strides in the Northern Expedition and gained a high reputation among the people, in the eyes of the gentry, he had not established enough "moral aspirations" to obtain the qualification of abdication. Cao Shi and Sima Shi both managed two or three generations to have enough political background. However, since Emperor Wu of Song destroyed Huan Xuan in 404 AD and proclaimed himself emperor in 420, there was only a short period of 16 years between them, far from the word "management", and the sons of Emperor Wu of Song may not be able to control the whole situation as Xelloss, Sima Shi and Si Mazhao did, which forced him to Zen in his lifetime. Emperor Wu of song proclaimed himself emperor, which was also caused by historical opportunities. Because of his weak political foundation, he could not get the strong support of the aristocratic men. In order to prevent the restoration of the Jin emperor, he was killed to make him unpopular.

Although Emperor Wu of Song was cruel and bloody, he was confined to the palace and had little influence on society. I think the most successful thing in the Zen Dynasty is that Zhao Kuangyin built the Song Dynasty. Zhao Kuangyin’s mutiny in Chen Qiao almost replaced the regime of the Hou Zhou Dynasty without bloodshed. Chen Qiao mutiny, there is not much movement, the army didn’t kill a person, shops open as usual, Kaifeng city as before. In the state of social stability and not disturbing people’s lives, Emperor Gong abdicated next week, and Zhao Kuangyin ascended the pole, completing the Zen Dynasty in Zhou and Song Dynasties.

The paradigm of "Zen generation" is worthy of recognition, because "Zen generation" realized the transfer of political power between different surnames in a relatively peaceful way, avoiding the sword shadow of coup and the millions of corpses and bloodshed caused by war. The Zen dynasty greatly reduced the social cost of indiscriminate slaughter, productivity damage, death and injury of the people, etc. What’s more, in the Confucian context, "Zen generation" is more in line with the spirit of benevolent governance and the principle of etiquette in ancient China.

The Paper:It has been circulating in history that Sima Yi was considered as a "wolf looking after the prime minister" long before the Wei Dynasty. Is the formation of these rumors related to the generation of Wei?

Zhu Ziyan:It is also the Ding Ge of the Yi Dynasty. Later generations have completely different opinions on Liu Bang, who won the world through "imposing punishment", and Sima Shi, who died in Wei Chengjin through Zen. Perhaps Sima’s "Sanma in the same slot" and "Wolf in the same position" are far less authoritative, orthodox and convincing than Liu Bang’s "Chi Di’s son beheaded the white emperor" and "Long Zhun and Long Yan". But "the wolf cares about the phase" may also be another manifestation of the divine right of the imperial power. Dolf Steinberger, a British scholar, pointed out: "Even usurpers, after seizing power, often strive to seek legitimacy for their regime in order to strengthen their dominant position. This effort to rationalize, moralize and justify the usurped power, whether successful or not, reveals the criteria for judging legitimacy in a specific social culture." I think that the maker of "Wolf Gu Xiang" may subjectively demonstrate the rationality of Sima’s winning the world, but it backfired, which objectively led to the stigma of Sima’s winning the world.

Stills of Sima Yi’s Alliance of Military Strategists

In fact, Sima Yi was not the only one who took care of the wolf during the Han and Wei Dynasties. Even Zhuge Liang, who was praised by later generations as the embodiment of wisdom, the model of morality and the standard of loyalty, was also accused by Li Miao, the official of Shu Han Dynasty, of taking care of the wolf, and asked the empress Liu to govern the country as soon as possible and get rid of the control of the powerful ministers. However, in the History of the Three Kingdoms, it is recorded that Zhuge Liang is "eight feet long and has a great appearance", which seems to have nothing to do with "Wolf Gu Xiang" and there is a huge contradiction. Why is Zhuge Liang’s "wolf looks after the phase" rarely known by the world? I think this has a lot to do with the Five Elements. Many annals in the twenty-fourth history have compiled the Five Elements Annals as an important part of the annals. The main purpose of Five Elements Records is to carry forward Dong Zhongshu’s theory of "the connection between heaven and man", that is, the astronomical phenomena must correspond to personnel, and the Five Elements Records only records what has been fulfilled, and those that have not been fulfilled will be ignored by the Five Elements Records. Zhuge Liang did not replace Liu Chan as the emperor, so there will be no corresponding records in the Five Elements Records. Searching the history books, we found that many auguries, rumors and nursery rhymes were closely related to the rulers, the fate of emperors and the general trend of the world, which reflected the views of the imperial court and ordinary people to some extent.

Prophecy ballads (including rumors in the form of folk songs and nursery rhymes) should be everywhere, and nursery rhymes compiled in the Five Elements Records of the Han Dynasty should be a small part left after selection and editing. Historians choose these nursery rhymes because of their relevance to major historical events or figures, and because of the efficacy of their fables. Children’s rhymes that have not been fulfilled are just rumors and myths, and they can’t be regarded as prophecies. Sima Yi’s "Wolf takes care of each other" and "Sanma eats the same food in the same trough" are the fulfillment of nursery rhymes. In order to make nursery rhymes more authoritative, historians transferred this prediction to Cao Cao. Cao Cao and Sima Yi, as heavyweights in Wei and Jin Dynasties, were the kings of Zhao Ji in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and the augury rumors circulating on them naturally spread like wildfire and spread to later generations.

The positioning of "Wolf Gu" has plunged Sima Yi into a hopeless situation, so this issue must be re-examined. When Sima Yi first entered the Cao Cao shogunate, he was only an insignificant literary secretary. How can Cao Cao travel through time and space? As early as decades ago, he realized that Sima Yi was "ambitious" and "concerned about the wolf", and dreamed that "Sanma was in the same boat", and even solemnly told Cao Pi: "Sima Yi is not a human minister, and he must anticipate your family affairs." It can be seen that these are all false fabrications.

I think the compilation of the Book of Jin was deeply influenced by the ideology in the early Tang Dynasty, especially the "Zhi Yue" in the Book of Jin Xuandi Ji was written by Emperor Taizong, who spoke highly of Wei Wudi and severely criticized Sima Yi’s fraudulent guess, so the possibility of beautifying and mythologizing Cao Cao in the Book of Jin Xuandi Ji was not ruled out. The best way to mythologize Cao Cao is to fabricate Cao Cao’s great talent and insight, and he has long observed that Sima Yi has a "wolf-like attitude". Liu Zhiji thinks that the Book of Jin quotes a lot of folk tales of Machamp’s disorderly gods in You Ming Lu and Sou Shen Ji, which undermines the objectivity and authority of the official history, so he has a very low evaluation of the Book of Jin.

The Paper:When did Zen begin to decline? Why was there no such form of power transfer after the Song Dynasty?

Zhu Ziyan:The politics of Zen declined gradually after the Song Dynasty, mainly because the social soil that produced the powerful ministers no longer existed. From the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Five Dynasties, it was the powerful minister who posed the greatest threat to the imperial power. Once there was a bad monarch and a mediocre master, or the world was in turmoil, on the basis of relying on the emperor and repeatedly building meritorious military service, the powerful military power was the backing, and the Zen generation became the emperor by forcing nine tin. As An Chongrong of the Five Dynasties said: "The son of heaven, those who are strong in Ma Zhuang should do it. Why not have seed?" On the surface, the Zen dynasty seems to be a peaceful transfer of power between the old and new dynasties, but it is actually an undercurrent of military deterrence. The power minister still seized power by force, but put on a legal coat for himself in the form of "surrender".

Yaowangtai Site in yongji city, Shanxi. It is said that Yaowangtai is the witness of Yao and Shun’s "abdication system".

Although the imperial examination system was implemented in the Tang dynasty, the wind of martial arts still prevailed. Tang Shiyun’s "Better to be a centurion than a scholar" fully embodies the value orientation of valuing martial arts over literature. Although Zhao Kuangyin, the founding king of the Northern Song Dynasty, was born as a military commander, he had a deep understanding of the dangers of military commanders because he seized the throne through the mutiny in Chen Qiao. He made it a national policy to guard against and suppress military commanders, and "keeping the inside empty and keeping the outside empty" and "emphasizing literature over martial arts" became the "ancestral family law" of the Song people. In the Song Dynasty, the system of civil servants governing the country was established, which enabled the emperor to fully and effectively grasp the military power. From then on, it was no longer possible for the powerful ministers to force Jiuxi to seal Wang Jianguo and implement Zen Buddhism. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang abandoned the imperial court. In short, the imperial power was unprecedentedly strong, and the relationship between monarch and minister had become a master-slave relationship, which completely eliminated the possibility of the emergence of powerful ministers.

Song and Ming dynasties also vigorously strengthened the idea of loyalty to the monarch, thus fundamentally changing the cultural spirit of the whole society. The "dual monarchical subjectivity" in the Eastern Han Dynasty and the "no monarchical theory" in the Wei and Jin Dynasties led scholars to be loyal to the ruler, the ruler and the deceased, which made it easy for the powerful ministers to seize the country on behalf of Zen. Under the subjective influence of dual monarchs, the concept of loyalty to monarchs in Wei and Jin dynasties was very weak, and scholars often persuaded the "master" to stand on his own feet as emperor during the world turmoil. The neo-Confucianism of Cheng and Zhu in the Song Dynasty raised the concept of loyalty to the monarch to an unprecedented height. Neo-Confucianism advocates that "loyalty to the monarch" is the "theorem of the world". "If God teaches you that your father and son are related, you will use your father and son to be related, and if God teaches you that your monarch and his subjects are righteous, you will use your monarch and his subjects to be righteous, otherwise it will be against heaven." In the Song and Ming dynasties, when the concept of loyalty to the monarch evolved into "justice", it was considered that it was impossible for people and ministers to covet artifacts and seek great positions.

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the powerful minister who added Nine Tin was bound to seal a big country and give it to several counties or even a state. However, in the Tang dynasty, the country was sealed, but it was empty, and there was no place for it. In the Song Dynasty, the theory of the five virtues, the theory of divination and the theory of divination, which were closely related to the Zen Dynasty, also gradually declined. Zhao Kuangyin issued a letter, and it is forbidden to prophesy. Since the Song Dynasty, the ethnic conflicts between Chinese and foreigners have become prominent, and "imposing punishment" has become the main body of the Yi Dynasty. The initiators of imposing punishment are not all peasant uprisings, but the Hu nationality in the north, such as Jin’s annihilation of the Northern Song Dynasty, Mongolia’s annihilation of the Southern Song Dynasty, and Qing’s annihilation of the Ming Dynasty, which is one of the reasons for the decline of Zen politics. Under the comprehensive effect of various factors, the Nine-Tin System and Zen politics, which prevailed in the Han, Wei, Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, finally withdrew from the historical stage because they lost the carrier of attachment. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Empress Longyu issued the imperial edict of Zen position and handed over the political power to the government of the Republic of China by peaceful means. This is the revival of Zen politics in modern history, and its reasons can be discussed separately.

The Paper:What is the significance and academic value of studying the origin, development and evolution of ancient Zen politics in China?

Zhu Ziyan:Examining the rise and fall of Zen politics can not only reflect the operation track of China’s imperial power politics from one side, but also compare it with the way of "imposing punishment". Although in essence, there is no strict difference between "levying punishment" and "Zen generation". However, the Zen Dynasty caused less social unrest and paid less social cost, which is worthy of recognition. With the decline of the Song Dynasty, the imperial power was strengthened, and ethnic minorities entered the Central Plains many times in the form of "imposing punishment", which caused great damage to the Ming and Qing societies that were trying to get out of the Middle Ages, especially in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The direct consequence of the Ding Reform in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was the great damage to the society at that time: a large number of people died and the productivity was greatly retrogressed. As a result, the dynasty cycle was bound to cycle repeatedly and it was difficult to jump out. On the other hand, if the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties adopted the story of Chen Qiao of Han and Wei Gengzuo or Zhao Kuangyin, would it help China get out of the Middle Ages as soon as possible? Going global? Is it conducive to the early transformation of China from an agricultural society to an industrialized society? This is a question that I often consider when studying Zen politics.

　　Hello everyone, I am a parallel imported car salesman in Tianjin Port. Today, I will explain to you the advantages of parallel imported cars compared with 4s stores.

　　1. Price advantage (direct import from abroad to the port for direct sale bypasses many dealers, which is 10%-20% cheaper than that of 4s stores. At the same time, parallel imported cars are different from "small-trade cars", which are legally included in the management category of regular imported cars, passed the national 3C certification and meet the standards of China. ），

　　2. More choices in configuration (I believe that many consumers will encounter models without proper configuration when they go to a 4S shop to buy a car, but for parallel imported cars, there can be special configuration models that are not officially introduced. You can also choose very flexibly according to the needs of consumers, and consumers will be able to buy their favorite versions of other countries, just as many domestic consumers love the Middle East version of Prado. ）。

　　3. Time advantage (the time for major automobile manufacturers to launch new cars in different countries is different. If consumers want to buy officially introduced models, they have to wait until they are listed in China. Parallel imported cars have a great advantage in time cost. As long as they are pre-listed in foreign countries, they can be imported from abroad to avoid waiting for the bus. )

　　Huayra, the pagani Fengshen, is a high-performance supercar equipped with a 6.0L V12 naturally aspirated engine from Mercedes-Benz CLK-GTR. After re-adjustment and modification, the maximum output power is 750 HP/7,500 rpm, and the peak torque is 710Nm. It only takes 2.7 seconds to accelerate 100 kilometers (only 0.2 seconds slower than the fastest production car Bugatti Veyron Super Sport), and the maximum speed can exceed 350 km/h. Although the car was launched almost 10 years ago, it can kill most of the supercars at any time regardless of performance data and appearance today!

　　Huayra, the pagani Fengshen, named after the pagani sports car, is as fast as the wind! The official price of this model was 1.46 million euros (including tax) in 2009, and it is said that the domestic price at that time was at least 40 million yuan. Although the price was so high seven years ago, real car collectors will not let go of this performance machine.

　　In terms of handling, besides the body made of carbon fiber, the chassis is also made of carbon fiber. The concept of four fuel tanks design comes from GT events, and after the wheelbase is extended by 2 inches, Huayra, the pagani Fengshen, is more stable. Avional titanium alloy suspension system, in addition to fierce driving, still has excellent handling, and the chassis improvement function also makes tire replacement faster.

　　Note: all models in our store have three guarantees after sale and enjoy the maintenance and warranty of the national 4S shop.

　　Once cooperation, be friends for life

　　[Sincerity is rooted in truth, and faith is based on sincerity]

　　Welcome new and old customers to inquire the price.

　　Free installment payment service to facilitate customer demand.

　　Achieve a national down payment as low as 10%

　　All the staff of the company are waiting for your presence.

　　The above are all real shots of your own car.

　　Store management, car sales.

　　Sincere cooperation; Keep the plane ticket when the customer comes, and the company will reimburse the travel expenses! ! !

　　Sales Tel: 15320196898 (same as WeChat) Liu Jingli

　　Note: All vehicles in this store can enjoy the national 4S shop warranty and maintenance, which meets the national standards.

Due to the need of media convergence, the main body of the "Pocket Weihai" WeChat public platform you are concerned about will be changed from tomorrow (October 27th), and the account name will still be "Pocket Weihai".

The account subject was changed from Weihai News Network Co., Ltd. to Weihai Baoxunrong Media Co., Ltd.

Weihai Baoxunrong Media Co., Ltd. and Weihai News Network Co., Ltd. are both state-owned wholly-owned subsidiaries of Weihai Daily (Weihai Newspaper Media Group), which have the qualification of Internet news information service license and are an important part of the mainstream new media matrix in our city.

Since 2018, under the strong leadership of the Party Committee of Weihai Daily (Weihai Newspaper Media Group) and relying on the construction of "Hi Weihai" news client, the two companies have started the media integration work in an all-round way, and are committed to building a media integration platform integrating news dissemination, information release, interaction between the government and the people, and convenient service.

During the process of subject change, the service of this public platform will be suspended for 3 to 5 working days.

After the migration is completed, users who originally paid attention to the "Pocket Weihai" WeChat public platform will automatically migrate to the new WeChat public platform. You don’t need to pay attention again, just wait patiently.

During the off-duty, users and friends can get the latest local news information through media platforms such as Hi Weihai News Client, Weihai News Network and "Weihai Broadcast" Weibo.

The "Palm Weihai" WeChat public platform officially met with you on September 12, 2013. It has accompanied you through nearly 10 spring and autumn periods, and has published more than 20,000 news and service information, so that every reader can read Weihai here.

During this period, from Weihai News Network to Cape Blog, from QQ interest group to WeChat community, we are fortunate to have a tour of the network and interact with the first batch of "enthusiasts" in Weihai, which will be presented on the new media platform of Weihai people themselves.

From "Travel all over the world or Weihai" to "Exquisite City Happy Weihai", we record the development and changes of this city; From "interactive platform between government and people" to "Pocket 12345", we have successfully built a communication bridge of "government-media-people" through technical support, gathered people’s voices and opinions, and acted as the "mouthpiece" of the party and the people.

From anecdotes in the neighborhood to urban planning, we always pass the freshest news information to everyone in the most convenient way.

From "punching in online celebrity" to "flowing food", we always explore for the first time, carefully make strategies and share them with everyone who loves life and likes Weihai …

It is because of you that we are here.

Thanks to the long-term support and companionship of the 114,000 users of the "Pocket Weihai" WeChat public platform, every forwarding is our recognition, every praise is our encouragement, every careful comment is our spur, and every criticism and correction is the driving force for our progress.

Perhaps, the friends in the editorial department of "Pocket Weihai" have never met with you, but we have already seen it thousands of times in news information, original reports, wonderful videos and creative cartoons.

Every column and article here embodies our sincerity and sweat. We are committed to carefully polishing every manuscript and taking every picture with our heart.

We put our feelings and love for Weihai, respect and awe for the new media work, appeal to the pen tip, focus on the camera, write excellent new media works on the land of Weihai, and write them on everyone’s hearts to tell a wonderful Weihai story.

Years don’t live, and the steps don’t stop.

Our story has to be written with everyone, and then it will be a new sea of stars, and it will still be a teenager when we return!

Let’s go hand in hand for the next journey.

"Zhangshang Weihai" Editorial Department

October 26, 2022

Producer: Yin Hongjun

Editor-in-chief on duty: Wang Lan

Review: Sun Meiling

Text: Populus euphratica

Original title: "Description of" Pocket Weihai "WeChat platform stopping for a few days"

　　Cctv news: Let’s look at the "Out of Control Mercedes" incident tracking. Last week, the news channel broadcast an investigation into the "out-of-control Mercedes-Benz" incident for two consecutive days. Last night, Mercedes-Benz sent a briefing to CCTV. In the explanation, Mercedes-Benz announced the preliminary analysis results of the vehicle for the first time, and preliminarily judged that the cruise control system and driving system of the vehicle were operating normally that night, and said that it was communicating with the owner Mr. Xue for the next vehicle inspection.

　　This "Further Information on Mr. Xue’s Car Experience" mentioned that the existing technical information of relevant vehicles, including the information obtained remotely from the vehicle that night, showed that the relevant systems were operating normally on the night of the incident, including the constant speed cruise and braking system that everyone was concerned about.

　　Mercedes-Benz said that the cruise control system is a part of the vehicle electronic system, which can be cancelled in many ways, and its running status can be continuously monitored in real time by several corresponding control units. If the electronic control system fails, the corresponding control unit will store the fault code. In addition, the vehicle can be slowed down and stopped by hydraulic and mechanical braking systems at any time; When driving at high speed, it is a wrong and dangerous operation for the driver to try to slow down by opening and closing the door and unfastening the seat belt. It is extremely rare that multiple systems of a vehicle fail at the same time, and once it occurs, it will not be able to continue long-distance travel.

　　Based on this information, Mercedes-Benz initially judged that the cruise control system and driving system of the vehicle were operating normally that night.

　　Mercedes-Benz: The vehicle will be inspected by a third party.

　　At the same time, Mercedes-Benz said that this is only an inference based on the relevant information available at present, and only by directly testing the vehicle itself can we know the real situation of the vehicle. At the same time, it is mentioned in this fact sheet that both parties have initially agreed to have the vehicle tested by a third-party neutral organization.

　　Owner: At present, the vehicle is sealed and I hope to test it as soon as possible.

　　Mr. Xue, the owner of the vehicle, said that due to the current vehicle storage, there is no scooter, and work and life are affected. He hopes to test the vehicle as soon as possible.

　　Mr. Xue, the ownerMy car was sealed, so I can’t use it. At first, the 4S shop provided me with a scooter. Now, I used it for three days and took it back. He said that if it didn’t enter the normal testing stage, he couldn’t provide me with a scooter. The family needs a car in life, so it’s inconvenient to go anywhere now. Because of this, I can’t settle down to work. So my request is to test this car as soon as possible, so that I can return to a normal life and work environment.

The COVID-19 epidemic has brought a serious impact on the global economy, and the external demand has shrunk, and part of China’s foreign trade capacity has turned to the domestic market. Due to the different domestic and foreign trade market environment, foreign trade enterprises face some specific difficulties in expanding the domestic market. To this end, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Implementation Opinions on Supporting Export Products to Domestic Sales" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions") on June 22, which clearly pointed out that while encouraging enterprises to expand the international market, they should support marketable export products to open up the domestic market, make efforts to help foreign trade enterprises tide over the difficulties and promote the basic stability of foreign trade.

"Products that sell well abroad may not sell well in the domestic market. Foreign trade enterprises should have a systematic expansion to expand the domestic market. Self-adjustment according to the demand characteristics of the domestic market. " Bai Ming, deputy director of the International Market Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, said in an interview with the Economic Daily reporter that in response to such problems, the Opinions clearly need to accurately meet consumer demand. Guide foreign trade enterprises to accurately meet the needs of consumption upgrading in the domestic market, give play to the advantages of quality, research and development, apply technologies such as big data and industrial internet, and develop marketable domestic products through personalized customization and flexible production.

As early as April this year, the Ministry of Commerce proposed to help foreign trade enterprises expand the domestic market while paying close attention to the implementation of a series of measures to stabilize foreign trade. Judging from the situation in April and May, policies and measures such as exporting to domestic sales have played a role in helping foreign trade enterprises tide over the difficulties.

This year’s "Government Work Report" proposes to support enterprises to increase orders, stabilize jobs and ensure employment, increase credit supply, expand the coverage of export credit insurance, reduce import and export compliance costs, and support export products to be sold domestically.

Since then, the the State Council executive meeting held on June 9 deployed support for marketable export commodities to explore the domestic market and help foreign trade enterprises tide over the difficulties.

Through combing, it can be found that the promulgation of the Opinions is highly targeted, which not only takes into account the difficulties faced by foreign trade enterprises in the previous stage, but also lays the foundation for the next step of "stabilizing foreign trade". The "Opinions" also particularly emphasizes that it is necessary to "implement local territorial responsibilities, promote the transfer of export products to domestic sales according to local conditions, and focus on helping foreign trade enterprises and small and medium-sized foreign trade enterprises in the supply chain of important industrial chains in the region."

For this "opinion", it is proposed to build a platform for domestic sales. Bai Ming said that foreign trade enterprises are encouraged to connect with e-commerce platforms and set up foreign trade product zones based on various online shopping festivals. Under the premise of meeting the requirements of domestic epidemic prevention and control, guide the main pedestrian streets to organize special activities to transfer export products to domestic sales. Organize large commercial enterprises and foreign trade enterprises around the country to carry out direct purchase orders, and set up special sales areas and counters for foreign trade products. Organize domestic buyers to purchase foreign trade products at China Import and Export Fair (Canton Fair) and China Processing Trade Products Expo. Through various channels, the government can build some platforms for exporting to domestic sales, so as to help foreign trade enterprises connect with domestic customers more effectively.

At the same time, the "Opinions" put forward that it is necessary to improve the level of facilitation of domestic sales. For processing trade enterprises that meet the requirements and can go through the tax collection procedures for domestic sales in a centralized way, they shall report before the 15th of each month, and adjust to report within 15 days after the end of each quarter at the latest, provided that the validity period of their books (accounts) or the deadline for verification is not exceeded. "This reflects the tax support for foreign trade enterprises to switch to the domestic market." Bai Ming said.

At the same time, the "Opinions" put forward that it is necessary to support export products to enter the domestic market and speed up the market access for domestic sales. Before the end of 2020, if the export products produced according to the standards of export destination countries and the relevant standards and technical indicators meet the requirements of China’s mandatory standards are transferred to domestic sales due to the epidemic situation, enterprises are allowed to make relevant written commitments and sell them through self-compliance statements.

In addition, support enterprises to develop products with the same line, standard and homogeneity, that is, to produce products that can be exported and sold domestically on the same production line according to the same standards and quality requirements, so as to help enterprises reduce costs and realize the transformation of domestic and foreign sales. It is necessary to give play to the role of effective investment. Focus on the needs of new infrastructure, new urbanization and major engineering construction in various places, and organize the docking of a number of qualified export products for domestic sales. Guide foreign trade enterprises to actively complement and strengthen the chain, promote the coordinated innovation of the industrial chain and the adjustment of industrial structure, intensify the upgrading of technology and technology, and participate in the construction of major projects in the industrial and communications industries. (Reporter Feng Qiyu)

　　At 9: 50 on October 18th, 2016, Typhoon Sally Jia landed in Hele Town, Wanning City, Hainan Province with a strong typhoon level of 14. All parts of Hainan have also made corresponding countermeasures against the typhoon. The picture shows the Tianya District of Sanya City organizing staff to discourage tourists from going to the seaside to watch the sea and waves in Sanya Bay. Yin Haiming

　　At 9: 50 on October 18th, 2016, Typhoon Sally Jia landed in Hele Town, Wanning City, Hainan Province with a strong typhoon level of 14. All parts of Hainan have also made corresponding countermeasures against the typhoon. The picture shows the Tianya District of Sanya City organizing staff to discourage tourists from going to the seaside to watch the sea and waves in Sanya Bay. Yin Haiming

　　The staff in Sanya Bay and Tianya District of Sanya City dissuaded the citizens and tourists who came to watch the waves. The reporter saw at the scene that Sanya Bay was in great trouble. Yin Haiming

　　The staff in Sanya Bay and Tianya District of Sanya City dissuaded the citizens and tourists who came to watch the waves. The reporter saw at the scene that Sanya Bay was in great trouble. Yin Haiming

　　At 9: 50 on October 18th, 2016, Typhoon Sally Jia landed in Hele Town, Wanning City, Hainan Province with a strong typhoon level of 14. As of 9: 00 on the 18th, Sanya Phoenix Airport cancelled 107 flights on arrival and 133 flights on departure. The picture shows the actual situation of Sanya Phoenix International Airport. Yin Haiming

　　At 9: 50 on October 18th, 2016, Typhoon Sally Jia landed in Hele Town, Wanning City, Hainan Province with a strong typhoon level of 14. As of 9: 00 on the 18th, Sanya Phoenix Airport cancelled 107 flights on arrival and 133 flights on departure. The picture shows the actual situation of Sanya Phoenix International Airport. Yin Haiming

　　At 9: 50 on October 18th, 2016, Typhoon Sally Jia landed in Hele Town, Wanning City, Hainan Province with a strong typhoon level of 14. All parts of Hainan have also made corresponding countermeasures against the typhoon. The picture shows that the Sanya Hong Kong-China market is closed. Yin Haiming

　　At 9: 50 on October 18th, 2016, Typhoon Sally Jia landed in Hele Town, Wanning City, Hainan Province with a strong typhoon level of 14. 1256 students from Hainan Vocational and Technical College were transferred to the school guest house, and the secretary of Longhua District Committee of Haikou sent them food and breakfast. Photo by Wang Ziqian

　　At 9: 50 on October 18th, 2016, Typhoon Sally Jia landed in Hele Town, Wanning City, Hainan Province with a strong typhoon level of 14. The picture shows the emergency and safe transfer of a pregnant woman in Dapo Health Center of Haikou City. Photo by Wang Ziqian

Data of drug site selection in June

Item 1: xin3 in third-party medical examinationProject Description: This enterprise is a high-tech enterprise engaged in biomedicine and disease detection. Committed to the nucleic acid and biochemical detection of diseases, as well as the research and development, production and sales of various products in the biomedical direction.
Highlights of the project: The industrial chain that has become "product+sales+inspection" belongs to the field: Precision medical investment scale: 10 million revenue status: regulated enterprise intention area: Yangtze River Delta region.
Project 2: High-end preparation production project of generic drugsProject Description: The company was established in January 2011, focusing on the development of high-end preparation technology and the industrialization of related technologies, and providing technical services of consulting, commissioned development, transfer, authorization and conformity evaluation. The company has five drug research and development technology platforms, including generic drug consistency evaluation preparation platform, targeted nano-preparation technology platform, long-acting injection microsphere technology platform, oral sustained-release preparation platform and polyethylene glycol preparation technology platform.
Highlights of the project: the company has established more than 30 projects, including one approved by the US FDA for listing; One supplementary application has passed the consistency evaluation, and two applications are in CDE review; Nine BE tests have passed the consistency evaluation and four BE pre-tests have been completed. Industry: High-end generic drug investment scale: 400-500 million revenue status: temporarily undisclosed intention area: Pearl River Delta.
Project 3: Research project of new marine oligosaccharide drugs.Project Description: The company is mainly committed to the brand-new drug research of antineoplastic drugs, antiepileptic drugs and marine drugs. The company’s main management personnel have rich company management experience, profound technical background and rich experience in new drug research and development.
Highlights of the project: The R&D team includes pharmacology, preparations, analysis and other professionals. At present, there are 1 professor, 4 doctors and several masters. Industry: New drug R&D investment scale: tens of millions of revenue status: valuation of 10 billion after listing Intention area: Sichuan and Chongqing, Shenzhen

03　　Introduction of certified V Park

In June, 12 new certification parks were completed in the drug site selection, with a total of 195 certification parks, including 65 national parks. There are 116 platform V parks, and the typical V parks added this month are:
[Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone]
Industrial clusters:Automobile, medicine, equipment manufacturing, biological products, chemicals, traditional Chinese medicine, natural medicine, medical equipment.
Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, founded on December 6, 1984, is located 40 kilometers east of Tianjin urban area. It is an important part of Tianjin Binhai New Area and a part of the national comprehensive reform pilot zone. It is one of the first national economic and technological development zones in China.
At present, more than 3300 foreign-invested enterprises have settled in Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, with a total investment of more than 15 billion US dollars. Represented by multinational companies such as Motorola, Nestle, SEW and Novo Nordisk, it has formed four pillar industries, namely electronic communication, food, machinery and biomedicine, and its comprehensive strength ranks first among 57 national development zones in China, becoming the leader of Binhai New Area and an important economic growth point of Tianjin.

[Dadi (International) Life Science Park]
Industrial clusters:Biomedicine, medical equipment, biotechnology.
Dadi (International) Life Science Park is located in the core area of Liangjiang Water and Soil New City in Chongqing, with a total area of about 400 mu, a planned area of 600,000 square meters and a total investment of about 2 billion yuan. This park is the expansion area of Dadi Enterprise Park, a part of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area’s scientific and technological innovation base built by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the core bearing place of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area’s Overseas Students Pioneer Park Incubation Center awarded by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and a professional biomedical park supported by Chongqing Municipal Government and Liangjiang New Area.
At present, Dadi Enterprise Park has attracted more than 110 innovative pharmaceutical enterprises, and has initially formed a biomedical industry cluster.
Small program of drug site selection in Dadi (International) Life Science Park

[Beidaihe Life and Health Industry Innovation Demonstration Zone]
Industrial clusters:Health service industry, health manufacturing industry, health service and medical service.
Beidaihe Life and Health Industry Innovation Demonstration Zone has a planned area of 520 square kilometers, including Beidaihe District, the area south of Beidaihe and the airport area of Beidaihe International Airport.
The core area of small program in Beidaihe Life and Health Industry Innovation Demonstration Zone is located in Beidaihe New District, with a planned area of 40 square kilometers, focusing on the development of life and health service industry, life and health manufacturing industry and green and healthy agriculture, forming a five-in-one life and health industry cluster of "medicine, medicine, nutrition, health and tourism".

[Dabaihui Life and Health Industrial Park]
Industrial clusters:IVD industrial cluster, medical device park, genetic testing.
Dabaihui Life and Health Industrial Park is located in the core administrative business district of Yantian District. It focuses on industries with high development potential, high technology content and high growth, such as biotechnology, medicine and medical equipment, medical artificial intelligence, etc., and builds a whole industry chain that integrates specialized industrial space, precise industrial operation platform, full-stage financial service system, competitive industrial support and talent policy, and strives to build a life with the largest scale, the best policies, the most mature supporting facilities and the highest degree of specialization in Shenzhen.

04　　Introduction of investment location of biomedical enterprises in June

[Haier Bio and Qingdao High-tech Zone to Build Haier Biosafety Science and Technology Industrial Park]
On June 3rd, Qingdao High-tech Zone signed a contract with Haier Biomedical Co., Ltd. to land the project of "Haier Biosafety Science and Technology Industrial Park", with a total investment of 500 million yuan, which is mainly to build a biological cultivation R&D and manufacturing center, an IVD R&D and manufacturing center, an automated R&D and manufacturing center, a biosafety incubator, a common R&D experimental center, a cold chain transshipment R&D and a bio-centrifugal preparation and manufacturing center, etc. After the project starts, it is expected to be completed and put into production within two years.

Haier Biomedical Co., Ltd. and Qingdao Haier Biomedical Co., Ltd. started from the research and development, production and sales of biomedical cryogenic storage equipment, and transformed into a comprehensive biotechnology solution service provider based on the Internet of Things. Facing the global market, Haier Biomedical mainly provides low-temperature storage comprehensive solutions for biological sample bank, blood safety, vaccine safety, drug and reagent safety and other scenarios.
[Hongri Pharmaceutical invested 750 million yuan to build an automated production base project]
On June 7th, Shandong Hongri Kangrentang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. held a groundbreaking ceremony in Shanghe Economic Development Zone, Jinan. With an investment of 750 million yuan and an estimated annual output value of 10,000 tons, the project will be the eighth automatic production base of Hongri Pharmaceutical, which will further improve Jinan’s biomedical industry chain and promote the chain-type large-scale cluster development of Jinan’s traditional Chinese medicine industry, which is of great significance to Jinan’s efforts to build an ecological system of biomedical and health industries with world influence.

Founded in 1996, Hongri Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is a listed pharmaceutical enterprise with a market value of over 10 billion yuan. It is a high-tech pharmaceutical and health industrial cluster integrating investment, financing, production, R&D and sales, spanning many fields such as finished drugs, traditional Chinese medicine granules, raw materials, medical devices, medical and health services, and medical equipment smart supply chain.
[Huaheng Bio’s wholly-owned subsidiary invested 250 million yuan to build a three-chain amino acid and its derivatives project]
On June 10th, Huaheng Bio plans to invest 250 million yuan to build a three-chain amino acid and its derivatives project with an annual output of 16,000 tons in shanba Industrial Park, Hangjinhouqi, Bayannaoer, with Bayannaoer Huaheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. as the main body. The project covers an area of 20 mu and the investment amount does not exceed 250 million yuan. The source of funds for this investment project is mainly self-raised, and the estimated construction period is 18 months.
　Founded in April 2005, the company is a national torch key high-tech enterprise specializing in the research, development, production and sales of amino acids and other bio-based products, mainly alanine series products. The company has undertaken the "863" project of the Ministry of Science and Technology in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, the bio-industry demonstration project of the National Development and Reform Commission, the enterprise technology innovation fund of the Ministry of Science and Technology and other national key scientific and technological research projects and high-tech industrialization projects.
[Chengyi Pharmaceutical plans to invest 670 million yuan to build a marine biomedical manufacturing project]
On June 16th, Chengyi Pharmaceutical Company plans to invest about 670 million yuan to start the second phase project of building a healthy industrial park, tentatively named as "Marine Biomedical Manufacturing Project", aiming at developing marine biomedicine and traditional Chinese medicine. It is planned to produce 1000 tons of super fish oil EPA and traditional Chinese medicine projects every year. The main products include fish oil, Chinese medicine extraction (Megan) and Chinese medicine pieces.

Chengyi Pharmaceutical specializes in the research, development, production and sales of preparations and raw materials. The main products include glucosamine hydrochloride raw materials and preparations, gastrodin raw materials, etc., and the therapeutic range of products involves arthritis and diuresis. Marine biomedical manufacturing projects take marine biomedicine and traditional Chinese medicine as the main development direction of the company. The implementation of the project will transform and upgrade Dongtou as a national marine economic development demonstration zone, which is also conducive to the long-term development of the company.

Note: The above contents are organized through public channels on the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original text. Authors: Chi Fangbing, Zhao Fei, Yan Huali, Zhong Lingyu.